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Okay, so it's already 3, 30 and before we start I would like to read out the acknowledgment of kind of country on behalf of everyone gathered. I will pay respect to the spirit of country here in Nam, where we are meeting, I acknowledged the pars and present kulination orangeeri waurong, as the sovereign people. Here

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the cultural knowledge holders who maintain and promote the norm, aboriginal law, customs and custodianship, responsibilities for country and the people that country continues to sustain generation after generation into the future. For all of us I recognize the important contribution that first nations, thinkers have made to sociology, including challenges to our dominant ways of thinking. We thank all first nation delegates in the room today or online for their contributions to knowledge and the discipline.

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Okay, so I am very excited to start this session today, because this is really an area that I think deserve an important focus. to see what clinical sociologies do in the area of poverty, eradication, effort. So without further ado, I would like to invite Swazi.

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Nope Fad Taylor

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to present a presentation on poverty, suicide, and COVID-19. The screen is yours.

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Yeah.

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So as you are you on

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so as if you're speaking, I'm unable to hear you.

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I was not so. Okay.

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so since it's not in yet, even though I just receive confirmation just now that she's already on. But let's if you don't mind. Perhaps we can go to our second presentation. is that okay, Nadia? Caroline, can we go with you first.

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Nadia. is it okay? If you go first.

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If you are speaking you probably need to unmute yourself. First

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Nadia Carolissen: unmute. Do you need the video? Not necessarily. Okay, not necessarily. whatever. You're comfortable with. okay,

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Nadia Carolissen: Can you see the presentation?

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Hello! Are you sure? Will you be sharing?

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Nadia Carolissen: Can I start with the presentation?

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Yes, you can.

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Nadia Carolissen: Okay.

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okay.

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Nadia Carolissen: it's visible the presentation

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and not yet.

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Nadia Carolissen: Hmm.

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yeah.

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yes, she's

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Nadia Carolissen: yeah. I'll have to get my technical assistance.

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Okay?

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Nadia Carolissen: Is the first present in not there yet.

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Yeah, the the first presenter is not there yet. Are you okay to go?

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Nadia Carolissen: Yes, I'm ready to go, but I'm not sure if you can see my presentation. Oh, shall I just proceed with it?

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Share?

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Yeah, it will be good if you can share the presentation, and for now we can't see it yet.

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Nadia Carolissen: Sure.

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what do we? It's very tricky. We went. Let's see if we have

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this one. No, yeah. So she hasn't provided it. So if we? If we did have it, we could share it and give her a control. But yeah.

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as I can, either.

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Nadia Carolissen: Hello.

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yes.

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Nadia Carolissen: In the

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do you have your slides open. okay, I see you the share button that share button at the bottom. Yeah. And then when you press that one, you just select the screen that you want to share.

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Sorry, a little bit technical error. But we do have time. I will let you have your time. No, no, it's fine.

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Okay? So after you, after you open the your slide, and then where you press, share, screen, you have options that you can select, right.

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you can select the slide that is already open.

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Can you see it?

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Nadia Carolissen: Okay? Yes, she document and see, we shared with.

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yeah. So you you press the. So did you press the share screen button.

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Nadia Carolissen: Yeah.

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okay. And then do you see, like little small icons that you could, that you could see your slide.

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And then, you know, or either it's it's a screen.

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okay, Isaac, take over.

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Nadia Carolissen: My God, this is something I did not consider. I just thought I would.

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Nadia Carolissen: They are.

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Nadia Carolissen: Maybe I'll just yes, sorry. I just wanted to see if I was Asaky. There

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Nadia Carolissen: is

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Nadia Carolissen: Oh, no, not not not you, Nu Konadi. I'm just gonna try and speak, Isaac, if he's there, Isaac, or

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okay.

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that's Kate, Nadia. So what screen are you looking at? Right now?

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Nadia Carolissen: I'm just I'm just looking at my presentation.

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Okay, that's okay. So did you want to just pop back to the zoom meeting. So then I then you can see all of our cameras.

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Okay, can you see that? Can you see all of us? Okay, that's okay. Yep. So at the bottom where that video panel is, you should be able to see a share screen button. Can you see that?

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Nadia Carolissen: And the at the bottom? So you got your camera? You're sorry your Mike, your camera participants. Can you see a green button which says a share screen? You want to click on that? There we go

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Nadia Carolissen: awesome. So we we're just looking at your document now, and you can just navigate. Excuse me to your presentation slides

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Nadia Carolissen: so I can just click on my presentation. Yep, click on your presentation.

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Nadia Carolissen: Is that it? Yep, we could see your presentation so you could pop it into a slide slide. Mode.

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Yep, you can. But can you do it in a presentation mode. Where?

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So you the the bottom? How do I describe this for presentations?

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Nadia Carolissen: Now, I'll just click on the yeah.

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Yep, so next, and not that, but it so move one more to the right.

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Oh, yeah, we yeah. One more. Oh, sorry. Keep going. Keep going

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Nadia Carolissen: next one. There you go, hey?

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Nadia Carolissen: Well, it's

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thank you so much. Okay, so I will be standing here when it's time, about 2 min before you end up presentation. Okay?

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Nadia Carolissen: Okay, on screen share. Okay. Good morning, everybody. Good morning. After all the technical difficulties. My name is Nadi Kar Allison. I'm a doctoral student at the University of Johannesburg in South Africa.

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Nadia Carolissen: Yeah. So

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Nadia Carolissen: the presentation is roughly divided into the following purpose, methodology, introduction. Let's reach a review discussion and then a conclusion.

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Nadia Carolissen: before I start with this. The purpose of this type is to explore how customized coaching in the rest of restructured business incubators can assist with developing

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Nadia Carolissen: Sm is in South Africa. And we will specifically focus on

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Nadia Carolissen: youth unemployment youth. is our youth really all a serious challenge, the rise in unemployment, and the fact that we have already have a hundred 10 business public sector business incubators, 250 more persist incubators up

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Nadia Carolissen: pretty

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Nadia Carolissen:  To be set up in the very near future. But despite all of this, we still fail to develop successful SMS, and to really make a dent in youth unemployment.

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Nadia Carolissen: and it is against this background of just 1 point. This is part of my doctoral studies, and will be informed as such by that

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Nadia Carolissen: South Africa is the most unequal country in the world. We 10% of the population owns 80% of the wealth of the country.

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Nadia Carolissen: These social It's a serious social challenge. Part of the triple challenge known as unemployment, inequality and poverty.

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Nadia Carolissen: Youth unemployment in South Africa reminds a serious challenge. As I mentioned earlier. It's the highest in the world, and in South Africa we are we. Youth is defined as the a group between 15 and 34 years old, we give a breakdown of that

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Nadia Carolissen: almost 64 of the 15 to 24 year old. Cohort is unemployed, and 42 of the group between 25 and 34 years old, that is, according to that South Africa

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Nadia Carolissen: Another challenge is the

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Nadia Carolissen: graduate unemployment and under employment. It was in February this year that it was a reported that almost 780,000 graduates joined the queue for state support for grant support. In other words, even our graduates do not find

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Nadia Carolissen: employment.

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Nadia Carolissen: A study conducted under the leadership of Leila Patel found that 46 47% of the South African population is dependent on state subsidies

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Nadia Carolissen: that translated in 14% of revenue collected in the last financial year. It is clear to everybody that the ground system is unsustainable. And

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Nadia Carolissen: as I've mentioned earlier, the graduates exactly the group who are supposed to contribute to the fiscal. They are the ones now

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Nadia Carolissen: becoming dependent on government handouts on the but government basic income grant. and it is a case as rolls with it. Humanitarian aid and handouts to meet basic needs are unsustainable and a burden on society. It cannot continue as it is, and something has to be done.

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Nadia Carolissen: Different scholars investigate this, and

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Nadia Carolissen: pointed fingers towards our education system. Failing, our youth misaligned supply and demand policies in South Africa.

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Nadia Carolissen: it's filing.

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Nadia Carolissen: I'm able to generate enough jobs for new Labour market entrance. Another one said.

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Nadia Carolissen: the education system is failing fails us to meet the human

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Nadia Carolissen: resource needs of the country. And

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Nadia Carolissen: against that background.

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Nadia Carolissen:  the National development plan which developed in the 2 in 2,012

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Nadia Carolissen: as a big emphasis on job creation. And it's actually has a target of creating 11 million jobs by the year

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Nadia Carolissen: 2030

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Nadia Carolissen: entrepreneurship. It's against this background that we will look at.

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Nadia Carolissen: A shorter literature review. Entrepreneurship is almost a natural escape. Out of poverty.

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Nadia Carolissen: Various studies have shown that entrepreneurship can grow the economy, and it has proved to successfully reduce unemployed unemployment. Despite the letter

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Nadia Carolissen: one of the negatives our country has is that our apartheid government

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Nadia Carolissen: The rain that came to an in the 1,994 had a big focus on big business only. In other words, they failed to.

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Nadia Carolissen: they fail to develop the small business sector, and we still feel that today. that is proven, some of the size economies as South Africa

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Nadia Carolissen: have thriving Sme sectors that contribute successfully to economic growth and Gdps as well as job creation. We still have to reach that point.

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Nadia Carolissen: As I mentioned earlier, I refer to the National and Development Plan just a few interventions to reverse unemployment and inequality and even poverty. The National Development Plan was developed in 2,012. With the aim of transforming South Africa. The target was set at 11 million jobs to be created by 2,030,

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Nadia Carolissen: and looking at the current state of the face, it is very unlikely that that target will be met. In addition regarding the youth challenge, the national youth policy was developed in 2,020 to address the

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Nadia Carolissen: curving divide, and also the high levels of poverty and unemployment amongst the youth. Also, again, this policy in King had no impact on the high unemployment rate amongst the youth.

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Nadia Carolissen: Another intervention, 2,014, the South African department of small business development was established, and

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Nadia Carolissen: with the specific I to focus on entrepreneurship and Sme development, also the triple challenge which includes inequality and poverty in the country and

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Nadia Carolissen: lessons learned from other countries. A key pillar of the Dsbd strategy was then to open in a

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Nadia Carolissen: business incubators to support Sme development and increase the success right of Smes in the country.

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Nadia Carolissen: South Africa's business incubator sector, compared to other countries, is a relatively young The first incubator was started in

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Nadia Carolissen: 1,954, in New York. In the U.S.A. It was more than 40 years selected that South Africa opened its first business, incubated in 1,995, relatively young still. But we need actually to

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Nadia Carolissen: pay more attention to this vital tool to develop Smes. Already we have a hundred 10 public sector business incubators in the country.

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Nadia Carolissen: and we plan the government plans to add another 250 in the near future to actually improve its national footprint and to better prepare Smes for success and sustainability

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Nadia Carolissen: or recording business incubators, a successful tool in certain countries to develop entrepreneurs. And Sm is.

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Nadia Carolissen: So there is agreement that it's. It is a policy instrument that focuses on increasing Sme growth and survival. And its main objective is to develop successful Smes providing support and assistance to especially start ups. And in South Africa it's a case of addressing the triple challenge of poverty, unemployment and inequality.

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Nadia Carolissen: Business incubators, as mentioned earlier, was the first one came into being in the Us. I. And, like many other inventions, it cannot be a case of just replicating it in another country.

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Nadia Carolissen: So it was found that

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Nadia Carolissen: business incubators need to be aligned to the clients. Needs need to be aligned to local needs, to its external environment, and a study conducted in the U.S.A.

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Nadia Carolissen: A 10 year study 317 Sm. Is found that incubators need to be aligned to the people. They really serve. Also the models need to

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Nadia Carolissen: to be in alignment with the external environment.

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Nadia Carolissen: And even an important part is the different networks that it has access to. In other words, these networks need also to speak to the needs of the people, the incubators that they serve

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Nadia Carolissen: entrepreneurs or the incubators are the most important stakeholder in

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Nadia Carolissen: in any incubator. Without them there is no real reason for any business incubator to exist, yet, despite that, the study found also that very little is often known about who the incubators are with. Do they come from? What? What is the level of education, they prior experience the socioeconomic background.

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Nadia Carolissen: In addition to that.

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Nadia Carolissen: many entrepreneurs face different forms of discrimination based on gender, based on class based on the race based on education level. And just as an example, it was reported that the experiences, for example, of a black female entrepreneurs are very different from those of black men. And all of these things impact on the development of entrepreneurs.

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Nadia Carolissen: then them starting their businesses and growing their businesses. And it is exactly these things that they.

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Nadia Carolissen: my my study, hope to exclude further and to see how we can, that there is some of them to increase the success right.

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Nadia Carolissen: Another study found that entrepreneurial ecosystems that to women's network connectivity and social capital is a significant lower of the in that of the male counterparts. Even here in South Africa with our racial post it was found that various in various

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Nadia Carolissen: characteristics of the entrepreneurs influence, for example, access to finance, and nobody can start a business without finance.

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Nadia Carolissen: Also, social networks are important. Would you access? Who open doors for you? Who are the people

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Nadia Carolissen: to help you when you experience problems, and that was a local study

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you have 2 min left.

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Nadia Carolissen: Excuse me, you have 2 min left. Yet it is. It is found that very often the needs of this primary client

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Nadia Carolissen: is, are not necessary. Necessarily addressed.

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Nadia Carolissen: as was mentioned. Many of them are disadvantaged, especially if we look at the profile of the South African incubators in our incubators. They face different barriers that impact on their success. And unless these things are identified

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Nadia Carolissen: but there will always be a challenges with successful Smes. So

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Nadia Carolissen: what the study plan to do is to look at some of the business, incubate the processes, and how this impact on incubators.

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Okay.

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Nadia Carolissen: process design. And especially, we need to do that.

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Nadia Carolissen: seeing that 250 more incubators will be added to the already 110 we have. It cannot be a case of continuing doing the same thing and expecting a different result.

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Nadia Carolissen: So what what

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Nadia Carolissen: a success!

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Nadia Carolissen: So a success intervention in other countries was to add coaching to the business in incubator interventions and in South Africa it is not the really done

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Nadia Carolissen: effectively.

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Nadia Carolissen: So we need to explore also how the coaching can be done in South Africa. And just using the study the the mindset study by Carol Dwick.

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Nadia Carolissen: what she actually said was and The study in Chile indicated was that social economic factors, impact achievement and a strong indicator of success. Looking at the socioeconomic background of many of our incubators, many of them can benefit from interventions regarding the mindsets.

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Nadia Carolissen: It is getting them into a growth mindset. It is about the coachability. It is about one thing to succeed. It is about business incubators. Taking into consideration all these barriers, all these differences in

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Nadia Carolissen: in terms of the incubating a client and customize intervention to address the unique and individual needs. Important is that coaches. it's not just the case of going in and start a coaching. Coaches must also be aware of their own social context and how they?

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Nadia Carolissen: they context influence them and how they need to interact with whether it's incubators

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Nadia Carolissen: too often in South Africa and many other developing countries. So we are dependent on Western voices, Western coaching models. and it has been found that there is.

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Nadia Carolissen: It doesn't actually speak to our unique needs.

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Nadia Carolissen: And this been

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Nadia Carolissen: some of the research conducted in the no global northeast. Most of the coaching research, it is so different from what we experience in the South, and we need sometimes to

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Nadia Carolissen: to reflect on these models and techniques, techniques we use and adjusting to our own environment. In fact, the idle thing would be more coaching research to be conducted just like business incubator research in the global South to ensure that what we do, what we implement actually address our local needs.

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Nadia Carolissen: Okay.

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that you can. Yeah, thank you.

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You can sum it up. You can sum it up

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Nadia Carolissen: all right.

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Nadia Carolissen: Okay, what we actually say is that our incubate the population, our youth, also into incubators. We need to understand who and what they are, what they needs are, how they social context, influence them. What are their barriers?

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Nadia Carolissen: Incubators cannot only provide generic interventions. A once a a one size that's all approach and This study will explore coaching as a intervention to

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Nadia Carolissen: to address the unique needs of incubators and to develop them as entrepreneurs and to ensure

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Nadia Carolissen: that they start, develop, grow successful. SMS.

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Nadia Carolissen: Thank you. Thank you so much for a very interesting presentation.

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Nadia Carolissen: so we do have only 3 presenter today. So I hope that we will have time later on for you to address a little bit more based on the questions that we ask so, and we will keep all the questions to the end. So let's go with ours at the presenter and let's see, she's also online by supposed to be a pre-recorded one. Hold on. Okay, so just leave this

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pension.

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And, gentlemen, my name is Suazi Santraio, a student from the University of Kazu, Natal, in South Africa.

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Thank you for the given opportunity to do a presentation, and that clinical sociologist in poverty, eradication, efforts. My topic is carpet 19, poverty and suicide.

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The former South African president, Nelson Mandela once said. and I quote. overcoming poverty is not a task of charity.

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it is an act of justice like slavery and appetite. Poverty is not natural, it is man-made, and it can be overcome and eradicated by the actions of human beings.

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Sometimes it falls on a generation to be great. You can be that great generation. Let your greatness blossom

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it as a responsibility of a clinical sociologist to understand and deal with a social problem. But first. I want us to look at the following.

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what is a social problem. and how do we define it?

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A social problem could be any adverse situation that hinders society to function in a usual manner. According to mentor and nills bed. a social problem is a way of behavior that is regarded by a substantial part of social order as being in violation of one or more generally accepted or approved norms.

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So in this presentation, the social problems that we will be looking at are as follows. COVID-19. Poverty and suicide.

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Let's look at poverty, suicide and COVID-19. There are multiple agent social issues conferencing citizens in African countries these include but not limited to poverty, suicide, and COVID-19.

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Poverty is inherently associated with food insecurities among socially vulnerable people, with limited access to nutritious and safe food.

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so approximately 460 million Africans live below the poverty dental line. COVID-19, arrived in 2020, exacerbating the poverty, impacting mental health with increasing record at suicide.

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So poverty, suicide and COVID-19 triangulate in a riches cycle.

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Taking a look at the impact of COVID-19 COVID-19 impacted the standard of living and quality of life, behavior and social interaction. The Government introduced safety regulations attempted to reduce the spread of COVID-19, however, economies was decimated, companies retrenched employees. Some escaped liquidation, while others closed. Unemployment intensified. Poverty

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covered 19, had an equal devastating impact on self-employed peasants. South African Street vendors were unable to make and meet.

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So an estimated number of people who lost jobs was approximately 20 million in 2020, and research depicts that unemployment rate is extremely high among youth

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in South Africa to be specific

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unemployment among youth rose to 63.9% in 2021 in 2022, the rate dropped by marginal 2.9% documented at 61%

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in 2,021 9.3% of university graduates were unemployed or seeking employment. So, according to Mudirsa and Delano reported that 72% of unemployed youth with university qualifications display symptoms of depression.

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research shows that the lack of knowledge about mental health illnesses is predominant in low and middle income countries compared to well-developed countries

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during the pandemic, remote working and studying increased pressure, distress and anxiety, trying to prove productivity to the moderators.

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Shortages of staff, limited health facilities, public and self-stigma are factors that restrict the general community from seeking professional help

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in health care facilities. Patients are immediately discharged, due to limited space without being fully rehabilitated or recovered.

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or during the pandemic young people use the following as coping mechanism. reading books, and exercising, while others were consuming alcohol, eating, being in isolation, and committed or attempted suicide as their last resort.

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Research shows that excessive alcohol consumption caused memory, disorder. delirium, and delusion, allowing people to take impulsive decisions, such as committing suicide.

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Moreover, social media usage increased drastically as a coping technique during the pandemic which could permit cyber bullying and exacerbate suicide.

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Jumping into methodology.

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the study used secondary research. secondary research. It is a type of data that has been collected in the field, analyzed and published by other researchers.

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The study made use of interpretive research paradium which tries to understand in detail the motivation beliefs, or rather opinions, that could have added to the situation. The society is faced with this paradium is rooted in understanding the social realities.

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Moreover. secondary research is adventures because it provides a large sample space

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high quality data and saves cost. Lastly. content analysis method was used to review every article found online and examining qualitative and quantitative information.

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Now let us look at the theories that were used in this research to better understand the so so social problem. First, we have sociology of suicide.

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and this theory that came believes that the focus should be projected on society to resolve suicide rate as it is accountable for the emotional string.

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Second, we have emotional theory. Maslow believes that for individuals who live a healthy life they are certain needs that should be met.

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If these hierarchy of needs are not met, then that will eventually cause complications in one's life.

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Then we have the social strain, theory.

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individual experience, an inbearable strain which in this case could be the unemployment rate, for example, that compose them to sick escape plan, such as committing suicide

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fuck. We have interpersonal theory. An individual to commit suicide, must undergo the following passive bed and sumness

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toite her belongness and acquired ability for suicide.

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This slide right here, which is a paragraph. shows the South African unemployment rate. Starting from January 2020 to January 2,023.

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Let us take a look at suicide. Suicide is a global social health challenge. It is one of the leading causes of unnatural death.

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There are approximately 800,000 reposit cases per annum.

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Mental health depression is rooted in biological. psychological, clinical, social, and environmental factors. Suicide is controlled by

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a country's economic meaning that when the economy is vulnerable, suicide rate increases

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because it

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this one is when the pandemic left. So it's as vulnerable

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national lockdown left people isolated, adjusting to the new normal which is accepting COVID-19 as part of our lives exposed. Mental health challenges.

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studies indicate symptomic depression increased among unemployed youth graduates, however, research shows that depression is associated with suicidal ideation and suicide.

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South Africa saw that unemployment

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covered 19 pandemic safety regulations and locked down increased gender-based violence.

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This increased the risk for women and children. Society. Considerable role in supporting mental health was ignored in the pandemic.

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Within systematic, patriarchal context, men are socialized into strong, aggressive, and roles. however, maintaining the financial control as providers, they guide their emotions.

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The inability to express their vulnerability and fear with emotions increased the number of gender-based perpetrators.

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Research shows that victims of gender-based violence are at high risk of depression and suicide.

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Let us look at clinical model number one. Creation of no experience needed jobs in South Africa. A lot of job application require applicants to have experience, however, not including that will give young people

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and graduate an opportunity to be employed without having an experience. Number 2. Age restriction should be extended for people to be employed.

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It is important for the age employment to be extended, because that might reduce unemployment rate in South Africa.

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Number 3 entrepreneurship from high school should be taught in a brother. From it I follow the need for entrepreneurship to be taught in a brother format for learners or students to acquire more knowledge and skills about in entrepreneurship, because finding a job in South Africa is very hard.

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Number 4, mental health avenues. Mental health awareness is very important.

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because, the studies have showed that a lot of people, particularly in low middle income countries, are still

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unaware of the mental health issues. So, having a mental health awareness is very essential in South Africa. Lastly, mental health centers should be available in clinics for accessibility.

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Jumping into the last section of the presentation. The findings. depression, and anxiety are one of the illnesses that affected young people during the pandemic. This is due to job loss, death, and academic pressure.

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Gender-based violence increased drastically during the pandemic due to high levels of stress and high alcohol consumption. Men suffer from imbalance.

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mental health due to bottling things up. Hence suicide rate is higher in men than in woman.

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and justly. the statistics of suicide rate shows that COVID-19 did not affect suicide rates in South Africa as it has been sitting on 23.5% since 2,019 to the current year.

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Okay, thank you so much.

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 certainly split. Is it okay? that? Not this one. And she's not around? No. So we're gonna have our last presentation here in person.

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Okay, so we have our our last present for today. Las Vegas. Linda. Plan. Okay, the floor is yours.

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Okay. okay.

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For those who do not know me. But my charity normally had prepared this whole thing because the room was supposed to be useful. But anyway.

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my affiliations are with Uj. The sociology department and the Unisa chief, Albert Guttoo, which is ch.

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In South Africa, just a disclaimer. This project is a and is not an Np. Or in Angio. However, it is, it is in partnership with other projects, and it is it. It is finding its way of being part of an institutional program as well

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as one of the efforts of eradicating the poverty as a rising scholar.

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Today I'll be sharing with you work that is very dear to my heart

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that in many ways. For me. It has also afforded me the opportunity to work

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and engage with the public

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to collaborate and include many people in this project

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and 2020 I started an initiative which has called Grassroots family, which, to shorten it, we call it grassroots.

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When the world was hit with COVID-19, and the Pegas here for some of us, be it. You're in Academia, the business sector, the woman who is a sweet vendor we all cared about. How on earth are we going to survive this pandemic? But most importantly, as social scientists, we also kid all

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we also thought about the detrimental effects the pandemic is going to leave in our countries, in our continents.

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imagining the poorest of them all nation, asking ourselves, how will the middle class survive the lockdown restrictions. As there are 2 checks away from poverty.

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Some of us believe that COVID-19 has left a legacy of arising poverty and has widened inequalities in our societies.

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and the most of fear and the moments of fear being locked on with love guns being able to afford certain essentials, I just thought about the less fortunate than me

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as anchor. I've always wanted to establish a charity organization. but I always thought I'll do this when I'm old in my fortys, and when I'm wealthy.

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because whenever I watched movies, the philanthropists in the movies were old, well connected, and hosted Charity Vince and know that was the image I saw on the films.

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However.

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with the wave of COVID-19 in 2,020, I felt challenged to do something and stop waiting, for when I have money or when I'm old.

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I mean, people were dying, left, right and center, and I was afraid if I die without creating some form of organization or initiative initiative that served others. I don't think I would have been satisfied

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on my laptop. I started writing status updates to stop provocations for my friends and acquaintances. trying to challenge them to make a difference.

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I wrote. how about we do, and gaz up the initiative in which we all crowdfund and donate the money and donate it to the South African Government to defend.

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The idea was, if I have over a hundred people on the app

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who view my status and also on my other social platforms like Facebook and Twitter.

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If they could do it from as data as 50 land, we could make a contribution towards the Government fund.

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I stated that it is not because we have money, but if we could spare the money we would use for transport. For instance. as we were working from home, it would go along grey.

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I really, I felt to not have to like basics, and I just wanted as to make a collective difference, as I have seen how collaborations work for the good. In most cases

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the idea was met with one feedback.

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but then there was this particular response that intrigued me by Reverend Andy Daniel, who is a minister in the United Presbyterian Church in Southern Africa.

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We shape that the idea is prudent, but the problem

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he has with it is that it is unfortunate that if you were to donate the money to the South African government, really it would be difficult to administer.

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and there would be a high possibility that it will not even reach people at Grasswood level.

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This fear was proven true as we are, seeing even now how Government officials have looted and embezzled the funds. From this we leave fund. I took time to respond, because I was challenged by Rafael's response.

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and I had to think, rethink the strategy because I was determined, as people were interested.

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The birth of

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Grassroot family rises from there, in which I believed it was to be an initiative for the people by the people. I envisioned it to be a collaborative initiative in which I would administer.

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But for this to work I had to collaborate and to work with various people, and not to individualize it.

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Hence you will hear me talk about the me rather than I,

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because along the way I found collaborators who wanted to get their hands dirty and be part of the project in one way or the other.

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I used my sociology background

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and a prior to my sociological imagination to assist and navigate around the Gr. F initiative

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but myself in the shoes of those you would be assisting.

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thinking of ways to reach people and to humanize them

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despite their social, academic status. to see them because they see us.

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That would be regarded as a slight term which most of many people use in South Africa.

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which, if it kind of relates to communal sharing, or the integration of money or food or resources.

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which essentially means card funding. as it is an increasingly popular method of inland fundraising.

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and one which is used by a variety of individuals and organizations.

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Think of it like

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looking at bringing and sharing. For instance, I learned Gaza to join family gatherings and Christmas festivities

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bring different salads, starch, meat.

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and it becomes a beautiful world that would come together in all of us with eats and be merry.

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For this presentation. I'll be showing

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4 projects that this initiative has created since its formation within the efforts of trying to eradicate poverty and educate society. The first project was with providing grocery and virtual ventures from shoplight, which shop right is one of the largest supermarket in Africa.

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The target was to was to raise funds for about 10 families.

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The virtual vouchers amounted to a thousand land, which is like 54. However, we are able to provide virtual virtues to 21 families.

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meaning that we were able to raise about 21,000 rent through the crowdfunding efforts. As I did not want to limit the assistant to only people I know.

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because this was on the social media platform.

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People would send their direct messages in boxes and would ask for assistance in jonga if there were funds, we would take the details and provide them with the virtual virtues, be it I know you don't.

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Other people were recommended by friends and churches as well.

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This initiative served people from different provinces from South Africa, the most wisdom, the Malanga, the Eastern Cape Khalid, and Gaza, and

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this is a picture of some of the images that are recipient centers

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because of the ethical background one has, I asked, the recipients of the grocery vouchers to send us images of the persons and not of themselves. So we are able to achieve other people to be part of this initiative.

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and I think this makes it easier to get people to take part towards the initiative

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resulted. I resulted to be resorted to virtual vouchers because it was more dignified and also made sense. It was during the pandemic there is less of movement, but also we wanted to give families the liberty to be comfortable, to buy what they believed they needed

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the freedom to choose. because we sometimes think people eat certain plants, or they eat certain foods, but never question, or if they are allergic, or they do not like that brand

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like I do not eat dirty products of pork. My grandmother does not eat, drink any fresh milk, but you know, at Kla.

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and I can't be forced to do so.

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For me. Being less fortunate does not mean you cannot have a choice to what you want to eat or buy, especially when you are provided with a food voucher, unfortunately, is not always the case.

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What is not essential to me? It could be essential to the next person, and vice versa. in areas which the recipients were closer to me, and would offer transportations if they needed transport.

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Crowdfunding is not as sustainable as I imagined it to be.

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I did not want to create a form of expectation from the recipients and hands. I had to inform them from the beginning that this was a rounds of project, as we were just trying to give back as we can.

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or beautiful when you are seeing people excited and buying the groceries and sending you pictures.

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but I remember asking myself and my apprentices how sustainable are food to vouchers, what's going to happen the next month? How are they going to? How they're going to get their next meal? Because this is not like it's a definite funding. It's relying on others to support this initiative.

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There is some form of expectation from most families. Still, to this day

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I would get messages of strangers asking for assistance, and I do not blame them that are in need of assistance.

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I thought that this initiative was done, or I was done, but I got my Angela's and the latest to my daughters.

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that sometimes some of us are not philanthropists, but whether we are charitable

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late in 2020 a year, and a student at the time texted me. and in the conversation she mentioned she doesn't think she would do her mostly because she's still early fees.

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She is still owing fees.

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This made me emotional because she was not a buzzer. She was not on buzzing, and she was from the same township I come from in Diploo

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again, because I know the feeling of own fees, and being in debt and feeling like you, are not going to proceed for the next year.

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When I was young, my late dad used to call me meditation because I was just that kid who could take things from home and share with others.

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And the Mediterranean heart came when I was talking to the student. From that conversation this became the second project Grf was to embark on.

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I told my friends and acquaintances

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the second approach in a consensus and collaborated with a local trading band. Code, spread love.

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We asked for assistance from assistance from as little as 15, and however, I did not want us to rely on the crowdfunding, as they still motivated how to apply for late Baseline to just try her work.

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But I knew we were going to raise something. People deposited straight to a student account. and we were able to raise about 10,000 men. Fortunately she received a lit, a last-minute Basil. That settled her debt, and first for it, she's now a master's graduate. I'm still convincing her to do her. Ph. D.

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This was the an invitation to people that we sent out asking for the support for the crowdfunding initiative to support that on a student.

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The third project that Grassroots family embarked on was when we partnered with the youth of a local congregation church in Diplov, which is called the St. Patrick's United Presbyterian Church in Southern Africa.

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in having coffee, date conversations in which you would sit down and have talks with various individuals in the church or in the communities focusing on topics over coffee.

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Some of the sessions would be live streamed from the Comicants live Facebook Page.

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Some of the people we included in the Conversations were the minister's wife, Mrs. Mrs. Sparrow Elaza, who is a social worker, and we wanted to know her beyond the title of being Oman. From this

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the minister's wife, to know of the work she has done as an individual in the Church, particularly with the youth.

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Another highlight for me from this initiative was Obam Dil, who is a simple father, and is raising his his daughter, and one day is part of the movement called to be dead differently.

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and the coffee date. We were conversation about him his experiences as a single father, and also the work that he does.

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In many ways this initiative was created to inspire. I motivate young people to dream beyond, to see. Other people will look like them, try to navigate around this life thing and making a meaning of it.

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but also to to to document people's experiences.

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This was the additional post that that we created to invite people to see or to view the live streams as well.

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And then this here is the day we had the coffee date conversations with Bandila and his daughter. They were on set as well, and this is as well as a Osmouth

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another. So the last project I would like to share with you, eminating from Grassroot family is one that sits there to my heart, which was us adapt to about 15 young girls from the ages of 15 to 22 years of age. They came from different parts of Johannes Beck.

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Predominantly from survey to with this project we offer mentorship and support for events like metric dance or their graduations.

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I'm going to share with you a few events we have covered with the goals one which was an initiative to welcome them to the sisterhood

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by having a sister. Her date, which included a spell treatment.

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 our workshops in South K and had conversations about their struggles and wins as teenagers and young people.

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The system with mentorship program has various sponsors we have partnered with mentorship is very dear to me. I'm still an amazing academic. and for me the Parliament mentorship I receive for my mental and other women who continue to motivate me and take me under their welcome

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has motivated me to not give up and not to, and not to use my social economic background as a barrier. But to use it to motivate myself as I come from a working working class family first-generation graduate, I am.

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This initiative is created to motivate junk those who are coming from different backgrounds. But it is possible.

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Let us hold on and chim on. The mentorship is to help these young goals with their self-esteem by confidence, but also to expose them to a world that is full of possibility.

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and through hard work and determination they can make it.

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The J. Of sisterhood initiative also provides some of the girls who are in their metric care if they cannot afford to pay for their University application fees with that assistance and need provide that assistance, and will also help with online applications.

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I remember then, with the goals met.

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there was changes, and now they are a family, and have become my family as well.

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I remember when my little brother pay pay passed on last year they conversated without us as their big sisters, to arrange

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to come and support me and my family. I just saw them at the funeral, and I was overwhelmed because we have taught them values and ethos of supporting one another.

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The sisterhood initiatives makes me enough to give up on Gf. As a whole

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to find more ways of making it to be part of the academic program or initiative through engaged scholarship or community engagement.

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in order for it to be sustainable, to be a sustainable initiative. But at 1 point it provides employment opportunities. provides research opportunities, and it makes a difference step by step and not your money. As we normally say.

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Jf. Is focused with facilitating projects

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that will enable the poor, the vulnerable, and excluded within South African society

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to secure a better life for themselves in partnership with them, and with all those who are committed to building a caring society

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Laplacian kernel when she was going to receive her research a lot at the opening of the World Congress. On Sunday

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she left, and advice to as young Emerging scholars, and she said as a paraphrase.

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but for us to succeed.

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We also need to serve our people

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to serve them a minority the poor excluded, and I believe that initiatives of their grassroots family try to do so in their own right.

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As I try to navigate around using sociology to solve the problem.

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we do not have to be reached to make a difference.

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Please adopt a student, get to know them, help someone understand the module.

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give them life schools, take a child to it. help them register. Let's make sociology practical.

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This is an image of one of the goals who is going to magic dance, and we supported her with the dress and also the makeup.

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This was one of our students who graduated at a Dj. We also paid for her dinner celebration, and also we paid for her makeup any assistance that she needed, and also provided a car to a a graduation.

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This was the spotted that we treated their goals, too. Giving them an opportunity to to explore. Some of the goals have never experienced the Spa. But and also they've never went out on a dates or in a restaurant, and we just tried providing them. And this is me, and with my other collaborators, and with the uncles that we have adopted. I thank you.

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This is when they came to support me at my brother's funeral. So yeah.

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Oh, thank you. Thank you so much for this really really interesting presentation. and I have You know, I definitely

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subscribe to your line of argument the kind of work that you do. Every single effort method is on the ground, and I think even a smallest thing could I make up like people might think that. What are we doing like, you know? I've seen it in poverty like you're giving the make up, but that is, you know, it is a luxury that nobody otherwise would feel. yeah, we can go in on and on about that, too.

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so thank you so much for for sharing. And I also noticed that has also join in. I understand that you had some technical issues earlier on, we've really sh your presentation. Thank you so much for a really important topic that you have. Okay. So now we have the question and answer session, and I would like to invite our in person presenter to probably you. If you want to sit here, it will make a better photo up.

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since you have your good photographers around. so If we, I would now open the screen and the floor, if you have any questions to any of our presenters today. I, you can type in. You can unmute yourself

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if you have any questions. Okay, hold on, I'll just grab the mic for you the following way, in here.

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Test this. There we go.

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 okay, good morning. colleagues. My name is Trevor. I'm from.

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Good evening.

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Good evening, good people. The time zones are still messing with me, but good, even in good people. My name is Trevor. I'm from the University of the Western Cape and in South Africa.

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So to Lisa. Ho! I'm so thank you so much for your presentation. I think. The work that you are doing, I think, is extremely important. And I'm just trying to think.

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I want to go back to your okay. Let me, before I go to this what I want to say, when it just wanted to commend and acknowledge the important work, and thank you so much for shading that with us. So in your in one of your slides I found it interesting that you you use I and you did not say whether this was an actual, a kind of theoretical approach. But you mentioned sociological imagination.

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and I was just thinking about the work that you are doing and using the sociological imagination. do you not think that they will scope for you to, for example, include an African philosophy or an African theory such as ubuntu, because I think what you are doing is actually ubuntu And and I'm and I'm just trying to think, you know, given that, you know, this is a kind of a clinical clinical sociology, clinical sociology. session.

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And so the focus at, you know often is that you know, once research and work should lead to some kind of public good, some kind of social impact. And so I wanted to to to ask you, have you given that some consideration? Because I I almost think that I almost want to say you don't need

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the sociological imagination to, you know, to do this kind of work. I think you you will be I think you can make these arguments, and I think you can make these claims by using our own you know, kind of theoretical disposition, because I think you will be the problem with social. Social. Sociologically, my imagination is that it's it's very limiting. And and I say this because I

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I say this because I've been teaching sociological imagination for for some time, and some students have been coming to me say, you know, so we love, we love this. We think it's fascinating when we can think outside of the box. But how does the supply to my life? So? yes, it's a question, but also one that one can continue reflecting on. But again, I think the work is so important, and thank you so much for sharing that with us.

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Okay, thank you so much. let's see, I I'll also commend you for the work that you've been doing at such a young age. most of the time. We also tend to think that you need to do this thing when you are at a certain age, but you are showing that it's actually easy to start where you are

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are situated in 2 things for me. I think I will like to build on what Trevor is saying in terms of conceptually, just to to make sure that the work also builds your own, sustain your own

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scholarly endeavors. Because.

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yeah, you also need to

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to be fed in different ways by what you are doing.

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So I'm thinking of the concept of communities of care

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that we normally use in understanding

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how

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it's soft. Yeah. So the the the the concept of communities of care that we normally use to to to understand the networks that were built from different generations. Different communities, you know, so that we can sustain

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the community because ultimately what we need to do is to sustain the community, but also to build networks. But one of the things that I want to ask you in terms of the challenges of doing this kind of work, especially at a young age like yours. What sort of expectations do you think people? Then, after you've put your numbers up.

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you've put your what's all this sort of communication out there? What? What happened? Because I know that it doesn't. Just, you know. you receive all the nice things, and and and all of that, because you might also encounter lots of shady things when when you are doing such an important work. And the last thing is.

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how do you see yourself sustaining this kind of thing. you know? Is it something that is short-term for you, or you want to sustain it for something.

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You know Zinemakuani writes about Oprah.

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please write it. It's one of the most powerful papers on philanthropy

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and and black leadership and philanthropy that Zinemakabana has written around Oprah's leadership school in South Africa. So maybe you can take some of their lessons from that. But this is beautiful work. Thank you so much.

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Thank you so much. you're okay with that 2 question, first, or you can take the others a question and answer them all together. They can take all. Okay.

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Okay. good evening to those on this side of the world, and

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good morning to those in South Africa.

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I've got 2 questions. one for an idea and the other for for now

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Nadia, incubators in South Africa tend to exist

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mostly in the major cities. namely, Caberk. turban. Bloomfty in Cape Town.

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and a Chinese book in Victoria, you know.

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and

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will know and appreciate that entrepreneurship does not only exist within those spaces only.

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and if anything, we should be looking as a country to empower those that you know are

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marginalized living in rural areas, African people black in particular.

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 Is there something that you're thinking about as you are exploring those that you call in your incubates? Are you thinking about that group of people that

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you know, are closed out from this spaces, and I exploring you know how it is that these incubators, could, you know, reach those spaces, or generally discourses around, you know.

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that particular issue. and for leisure, I think my.

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the question is really tied to that of Trevor and and babes in terms of your your work, and how it's

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delivered, you know, makes us think about, you know, an engaged type of sociology.

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and in some ways public sociology.

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And and and I think I'm I'm interested in in how you are thinking about charting this forward

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in in a more

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traditional sociological fashion. And I say traditional sociological fashion, because

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I do not think

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our journals at home, and here in the report, rather are ready to receive information that is delivered in this particular fashion.

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while it is quite commendable, and a type of delivery that we

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we appreciate, because, as sociologists who have been trying to maneuver a way in which

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we cannot, you know, we can cross the boundaries of just discoursing among ourselves. and and how you deliver this particular information does that for us.

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but, as as opape says, it's one needs to begin to think about. You know their own stomach, something that's going to feed, not only your Savior, but your stomach at the same time. So thank you.

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Ok, thank you so much. Then I will let Nadia you you who heard the question right?

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the. Do you want to answer first, before I pass this on to I say, Go.

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Nadia Carolissen: okay, can you hear me? Sure? Ken. Okay, yeah. The question here is I think in one sentence I could have addressed the the issue around access to incubators, because already they we can almost say, looking at the criteria. They awesome this discriminate discriminatory

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Nadia Carolissen: practices. i We call once at a conference. Somebody asked who was at that point the Minister of small business development.

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Nadia Carolissen: a business plan is quite a difficult document to prepare. And the question was asked, actually.

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Nadia Carolissen: you know, using that as a criteria for

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Nadia Carolissen: for you.

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Nadia Carolissen: for potential entrepreneurs. And one can just think about based on on on using this, a business plan as the excess criteria. How many get potentially rejected also, in terms of rural, those coming from the rural areas where.

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Nadia Carolissen:  the most challenges are that we really need some development. It is something to look at, I hopefully, that will be addressed with a roll out

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Nadia Carolissen: what the new business incubators, but what the research is also shown is that, not just based on gender, but based on your social economic conditions. What you have have been exposed to the that influence. Ultimately your choice of the type of business.

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Nadia Carolissen: and in a little area, we say you've had the limited experience exposure then that will be almost rolled over into your choice of a business. So it it is really looking, not

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Nadia Carolissen: preferably it. One should start looking at before the whole business incubation starts. And not only what happens when they reach business incubators, because it's really about granting people opportunity who

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Nadia Carolissen: didn't have all this access to to health facilities to education facilities. And yeah, ultimately, it is about a better life for all it is about.

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Nadia Carolissen: you know, not just staying poor and reducing the inequality gap in the country. I hope I've answered the question.

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Yes. Okay, thank you. I.

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Yes, okay, okay, good. Thank you so much. okay. So now I'll I'll present to you and provide feedback question. okay, this is too soft.

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So

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thank you for the amazing questions. It's amazing. Having. I. I did say that I'm I'm I'm blessed that you guys are here because you guys come from a a local context where we we would understand many things, and and I think, and as a young girl who

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comes from a traditional department where certain African philosophies we don't explore or we don't engage with You tend to rely on your centric or Western concepts while we do have our own.

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I mean, the work is a wound, you know you don't even have to define it. It is, it is, I mean, I say, by the people, for the people, you know. But to use those terms. It's something that you've you've

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confidently.

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you know, geared me with that, you know. Push to say, start using our terms because the work that you do is community work. You're dealing with the township. You're dealing with Amanda Miyama, who, when you come to them, you can say so. She's called imagination. And they're like, Okay, cool. What is that?

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But when Oklahoma bond to you are able to even get much more funding. So thank you, I will. I will step in in conceptualizing this work. because this is the first attempt to bring it into academic space the the the African aspects of it, and and also going to the

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at a provider on on communities of K, the challenge is one that has faced. I mean, it's a very difficult

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thing to expose yourself, I mean, I exposed my banking details because I had to create another another account, also my my my numbers, and and because the work had to be done because we sometimes postponed the work. And to say, because of these ethical issues that we have for me, it is about, let me start and then cause there's a bigger goal for it to say it's it's it's not going to be for any forever thing.

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But but when how I tried working around it was to creating you

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account for the initiative, because people would not trust or go to the funds coming to my personal account or not one. So I needed to create that, but also for the for a trekking system. If, let's say, someone or an organization says, let's check your money. How was it going for solely this? So that's one way I tried combating, you know.

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but also with certain cause. Even now there were, people would push like, you know, boundaries to say. Now they're thinking with friends, you know. Moly, see, how are you like? We're pushing the even the narrative to say, Hey, they're not block, but but Hence the more I think I think, if you see how it starts, it starts with a virtual voucher, which is big

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with the groceries and stuff. And then I come to one individual, which is a student, which is now it's direct. Find people who put in money, they which is now the people that I know acquaintances, friends, you know, organizations. Then it goes to a church congregation where we are doing a coffee date, so I'm trying to narrow it down to save me as well, and the whole aspect, you know. Then I I I work now with what young goals.

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you know. Because now I'm like, Okay, I don't want the exposing of myself so much more because you know so much about our information gets out there, but also

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because there's a lot of like. I also do other work that are important in my work, my Phd. And whatnot. So it. Hence one tries to narrow it down, and hence I did not

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look at grassroots family as just one entity that looks at vouchers. You know I wanted to move around things I wanted to do as a young girl or as a person that oh, this means a lot to me, you know. I could move up across. You know it as an initiative.

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So yeah, there were many challenges that one has faced. I mean, I've gotten calls.

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Dms, that are very some some you could see their chances, you know a bany. You could see that it's real. And sometimes I remember this at a time with the the one who fans at all. And this, this, this, this, this, this, this, this, this, this, this, this I think it's an older woman than me. She was sending me images, and and it really made me feel so bad that I could not help. But I had to say.

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there are no fans you can't take from now. Exhaust, you know. Go an extra mile. It's a cut off. We are done with vouchers, it is done, you know. So yeah, there. There were many challenges that one faced. you know. Others you don't even know. Are they lying? Are they telling the truth because it is a virtual thing

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I don't know than most of them. If I could, you know, say their names, I wouldn't to thing in my bob.

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But yeah, yeah, the bigger goal for this. At first we all envision an engine or an Npo, and you like, okay, cool. Let's do this.

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And you know how funding is very problematic in South Africa, applying for such intu as it takes a long time as well.

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but because of my academic citizenship, I I wouldn't want this just to be an Npo. You know I would want to bring this into academia, because this is where I breathe. You know my breath where I I would want. I mean, I've been engaging with with one of the committee engaged scholarships at a Unisa, for instance, it's called There Issana.

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which I'm now a project member as well to bring it in as a program, you know, to say, let's have grassroots over one it. But did it come under you? It's fine.

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I was having a conversation with, perhaps see that. And she was like, Get Get a part of the Association for Applied Clinical Sociology, so that you can apply for certification so that you can get can get funding for it, you know, and also do it as a program and not just an Mpa. Because everyone is applying for Npos and everything

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in academia. You can get grants around it, you know. You can calibrated research. chairs and everything like that. So it's it's it's one way, because I feel that there is much more work to be done. I feel like I still want to have give my always understandings that we write about the people, but we never go back to them, and we never explained the work that we do. We never say, Oh, but we theore us about you, we we can tell you in the Basak or what not. How do we help you navigate around these, you know, platforms.

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How do we bring these young people to understand that there is another world that can afford them as have been travelling? I mean, I have never paid for any trip. My international trips. I always motivate jungles when I young people, when I do my motivational talks, and I say

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not even a A, A, a. A guy has paid for my international travels, but it is the work that I do through institutions, but through also mentorship, because they are women who are mentoring me, and I'm also passing the bet on, because that's what the that what we need to do as as people and as black people.

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you know. So yeah.

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yeah, I think if there is anything that. And thank you, I will read Zen Mcavani's work on philanthropy and opera's work.

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01:25:30.610 --> 01:25:39.549
Yeah, I think that's for. But it's going. It's going to be something. I hope it's going to be something big. And I have your support.

477
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Okay, hold on, Tony, they have questions for you. They're coming after you. Hold on, I'll pass on the mic.

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Thank you so much. Swazi. The the question is for for you. So I've been I I I you mentioned something. okay, let me just say so. So I I you'll. There was so much in your presentation. I think there's a lot for us to think about this a lot for us to reflect on. But the one element that I wanted to. Just maybe maybe just ask you, or even want to push you to think a little bit

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about is you made a statement regarding, you know, suicide remaining stagnant at least during Covid, or they not being let's call it this this statistically significant increase.

480
01:26:33.950 --> 01:26:41.310
I just wanted to ask you about the data source, because, that's actually, it's the opposite

481
01:26:41.310 --> 01:27:04.619
actually happened. so there's been this rapid increase. you know, in in people seeking mental health treatment. there's been this rapid increase in terms of hospital hospital psychiatric hospital admission. So what I'm saying is that there is information is available. So I just wanted to maybe ask you, you know. So what source, what what data sources are are you using?

482
01:27:04.620 --> 01:27:31.190
And then, maybe to ask you if you can. Maybe just And again, I'll get you details. And I can share some of this, you know, with you, because some of this is available publicly. Some also has been done. you know, by the South African Medical. is S is a in Rc South African Medical Research Council, and in fact, they just recently released some almost shocking St. Statistics on, you know, mental health

483
01:27:31.190 --> 01:27:51.759
and what what I found so fascinating, i. E. What I found so fascinating has been the link between So so we know that as you mentioned that mental health services are not accessible from for the for the poorest of the poor But what I found fascinating in the in the stats that that are recently rate was

484
01:27:51.760 --> 01:28:16.889
that they are not able to, to, to, to, to to isolate. for example, gender, age, race, and class line dynamics of people who are accessing mental health. So I just wanted to maybe push you, you know, on that, maybe to reflect on the the date, the sources that you are using, because I think the work that you're doing is important. But we would not want you. We we don't want to to expose yourself by

485
01:28:16.890 --> 01:28:30.409
by maybe using outdated stats. you know, because that may detract from the important work and contribution that you are making. So just thank you so much for that, and I hope you can deflect on that like, I say, I'll share some of that information with you.

486
01:28:31.410 --> 01:28:45.389
Okay, So there's another one. Do you want to respond to that first, or I can take the other. It's it linked. Okay, it's linked. Okay? So you just enjoy the feedback first. Yeah, no, thank you so much. Swazi.

487
01:28:46.210 --> 01:28:52.459
it's literally directly linked to what Trevor is saying about the methodological.

488
01:28:52.630 --> 01:28:58.659
It's a choices that you have made for your study and the ethics

489
01:28:58.750 --> 01:29:26.079
around issues of suicide and making serious colorations between poverty and suicide when we know that most of the time there is a middle classness sometimes, and access to health, and all of that. That is that tends to be linked, you know, between the 2. So just for careful kind of a approach

490
01:29:26.210 --> 01:29:44.280
ethically around that maybe you can just tell us more about about that methodological choice that you've made. last question, Nadia. please tell us more about maybe the successes of these successful cases of these incubators. Because

491
01:29:44.420 --> 01:29:55.700
there's data out there that says 95% of these businesses within a year of starting they die as low death. So I'm not sure

492
01:29:56.070 --> 01:30:11.480
in terms of the long-term sustainability of incubation. And what can make these things work. you know, because if 95% of them, they don't even survive the first year, what is then the point? Thank you.

493
01:30:13.140 --> 01:30:19.899
Aye, Swazi, I think you you can't see us. So it sounds aluminum from Nelson Mandela University.

494
01:30:20.100 --> 01:30:41.150
yeah, I know I I I'm echoing what My colleagues, Trev, and and proof of asking about the the the question around the statistic. But I'm I'm I'm also interested in. Why, then, if the the variable of of suicide is

495
01:30:41.420 --> 01:30:48.610
insignificant. Why is it than part of your why have you included it? You know, if

496
01:30:48.620 --> 01:30:52.770
there is no case to make in so far as it's concerned. Thank you.

497
01:30:55.500 --> 01:31:02.549
Okay, thank you so much. Then maybe, Swazi, you want to go first and another. You can take on that question soon after.

498
01:31:04.460 --> 01:31:10.230
Swazi Hlatshwayo: thank you for having me and

499
01:31:15.730 --> 01:31:17.150
Swazi Hlatshwayo: and everyone can.

500
01:31:17.890 --> 01:31:20.039
Swazi Hlatshwayo: Yes, we can.

501
01:31:20.680 --> 01:31:21.970
Swazi Hlatshwayo: Okay.

502
01:31:22.040 --> 01:31:33.049
Swazi Hlatshwayo: so I'll start off by saying when I was doing my research. It also like came as a as a shock for me, because when I was looking at the statistics

503
01:31:33.080 --> 01:31:55.170
Swazi Hlatshwayo: because my main pro I mean problem was to find whether the the statistics of suicide have gone high during the pandemic, but only to find out that in salt, that we it also remains the same since from 2,019. And I couldn't understand why? Because

504
01:31:55.170 --> 01:32:13.019
Swazi Hlatshwayo: every okay, the size that I use, I think it has to be walled me to, and I'm not quite sure but the others, because I'm really sorry for not having back the information right here with me. But yeah, everything. I I every sites that I went on trying to look at the statistics of South Africa to be

505
01:32:13.060 --> 01:32:14.440
Swazi Hlatshwayo: to be specific.

506
01:32:14.460 --> 01:32:27.019
Swazi Hlatshwayo: They all showed the same thing. Hence I was thinking that that might be due to some information that is not reported attending the suicide cases.

507
01:32:27.190 --> 01:32:35.869
Swazi Hlatshwayo: because in my I think I did not include it in my presentation, but in my to research paypal.

508
01:32:35.900 --> 01:32:46.740
Swazi Hlatshwayo: There was where I mentioned that it might happen that some of the cases are not necessarily mentioned, because

509
01:32:46.990 --> 01:33:06.499
Swazi Hlatshwayo: especially in rural areas, people do not report side cases in yeah, and they just let it go like slides just like that. So I'll make use of the information of Promise to give me to look into it.

510
01:33:06.950 --> 01:33:10.859
Swazi Hlatshwayo: just to make sure that everything is is is correct.

511
01:33:12.950 --> 01:33:14.310
Okay.

512
01:33:14.520 --> 01:33:16.940
Swazi Hlatshwayo: yeah. How?

513
01:33:18.560 --> 01:33:21.149
Swazi Hlatshwayo: I hope? I said, everything.

514
01:33:22.160 --> 01:33:47.160
Yeah. So so so I think. And just to reiterate, I think it's just that the claim that you are making then that is something that you have to be a bit more careful with to make such big claims like that, especially when the data could and suggest otherwise. So once you get those information, I think it's really good for you to have a look again, because I think there's a comments given. It's a really really important one. And I also concur with those. those comments.

515
01:33:47.160 --> 01:34:02.939
Those are like a serious connection that you're making at the same time. it doesn't seem that the data could really support the especially coming from the candidate. Okay, good. Good job. Okay. Thank you. And, Nadia, do you want to address the question? Ask

516
01:34:13.850 --> 01:34:17.240
If you're speaking, then you would have to unmute first.

517
01:34:21.940 --> 01:34:24.740
Yeah.

518
01:34:26.690 --> 01:34:28.819
are you still with us, Nadia?

519
01:34:32.120 --> 01:34:33.030
Okay.

520
01:34:34.590 --> 01:34:35.840
yes, no.

521
01:34:39.610 --> 01:34:51.460
Ok. We're waiting for Nadia. So any other final round of questions that we have for each other. No, everyone's okay.

522
01:34:52.220 --> 01:34:54.160
Yes.

523
01:34:54.680 --> 01:35:16.530
Nadia Carolissen: okay, Nadia, calling ones. I see you. Yes, very good. No, it's okay. Just responding to that. I think we need to invest in our entrepreneurs, especially our youth. SMS are, after all, the backbone of most economies.

524
01:35:17.210 --> 01:35:20.140
Nadia Carolissen: we possibly need to look at the whole

525
01:35:20.180 --> 01:35:45.420
Nadia Carolissen: broader than just entrepreneur and business incubator. But to the whole entrepreneur ecosystem in South Africa, and since loud cheating, I started infrastructure collapse where I love access to water. All of these really impact the successes of entrepreneurs. It's not a case that it's It's not always a case of them as individuals.

526
01:35:45.420 --> 01:36:13.299
Nadia Carolissen: And so, but even business incubators have different different challenges, which I think we need to address. If we want the sector to succeed in South Africa, and my study specifically look at youth very often referred to as the lost generation. But I think it's worthwhile investing in them, because if we don't invest in our youth, someone else will. And just to to refer to

527
01:36:13.300 --> 01:36:27.750
Nadia Carolissen: article that up I managed to get in this in this week is that Africa's youth, or other. You take entrepreneurs are sort of the in London, and with a

528
01:36:28.180 --> 01:36:57.109
Nadia Carolissen: and we all know why, many of them because, many of the Northern hemisphere countries don't have the the same youth populations as us in the South. And yeah. So if they provide the infrastructure for for some of them to be successful on that site, then surely they will go. So I think we also have an almost obligation to keep them. Yeah, our way, you see, and to develop them to contribute, not just to

529
01:36:57.110 --> 01:36:59.020
South Africa, but to Africa.

530
01:36:59.020 --> 01:37:23.090
Nadia Carolissen: also considering that predictions up by 2,050, see only 6 6 of the youth population will be in North America and in Western Europe. So with, We are the others. So they've also got their own strategies to tech into the best and brightest minds in in the developing world. And for me

531
01:37:23.360 --> 01:37:27.990
Nadia Carolissen: this is part of that also to to really stop that migration to the north.

532
01:37:30.340 --> 01:37:57.980
Okay, thank you, Nadia. And I think, there's also that that kind of consideration, right? Because you are quite early on in your research. So maybe some of the feedback that was given, I think, worth thinking about, you know, in terms of who exactly would be defined in in your civil population. Whether or not is this really the thing to do, especially when you have in the first year, for example, as I was mentioning in the first year, people are feeling so it's it's

533
01:37:57.980 --> 01:38:28.300
so really the whole problem segment as well as the population of study. I think those are the kind of feedback that I hear that for your consideration in your upcoming research, and I wish you all the best for that. So with that, I think we can conclude our session today. Thank you so much for being part of this very, very important session. I think it is a very important thing to know that there is much to do in the area of poverty.

534
01:38:28.300 --> 01:38:42.000
and happy to see a lot of sociologies. Technical sociologies are doing things in this area, and we have more and more in this area. Hopefully, in the future. Let me pass this to my Google.

535
01:38:42.000 --> 01:39:06.299
Oh, yes. Oh, okay, okay, yes. Thank you so much, patina, for that. so I would like to also invite you to our next session, which is our final session, and it's gonna be my session. Yay, so please come so we will. we're talking about the series of book series of our clinical sociology, and it'll be I promise you it's gonna be fun one, too. So this is, if you are here in person. You'll be in p. 3.

536
01:39:06.300 --> 01:39:16.000
If you're online, just click online to join us. Hope to see you there. Thank you so much for today.