WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.001 --> 00:00:17.149 okay, we have just 3 presentations. And I think we slightly changed our time. And the last speaker. We started 110'clock, and I think we'll have some time for discussions. 2 00:00:19.580 --> 00:00:20.660 Ethical. 3 00:00:22.650 --> 00:00:28.930 at which we'll just start now. And the post-speaker is so Sundin noon and the police welcome. Yeah. 4 00:00:32.220 --> 00:00:35.369 not 50 million. Yeah. 5 00:00:38.340 --> 00:00:48.500 yeah, hello, everybody. as he introduced. I'm the organized of this session. actually, I think 6 00:00:48.530 --> 00:01:21.890 In an end of a climate crisis we sociologists must pay our attention to energy transition and to have energy transition. We need to pay attention to energy, consumption, pattern and behavior. That is that that was the reason why I organized this session. But I'm very sorry about this little concern about the energy, consumption and behavior. Maybe we can think about the people's Socialist concern 7 00:01:21.890 --> 00:01:23.410 on energy 8 00:01:23.410 --> 00:01:47.960 consumption with this small number of audience. But anyway, I will present our research researcher. Actually, I'm a corresponding author of this article. It is prepared with the first author, Dr. Zo Mumba. He works for Korea Environment Institute, but he could not come here. So on behalf of our research. 9 00:01:47.960 --> 00:01:56.910 I will present the segmentation of lifestyles for home appliances using social democratic barriers in Korea. 10 00:01:58.230 --> 00:02:14.719 Yeah, this is the background and research question, as you know nowadays. carbon neutrality. Accomplishment of carbon neutrality by 2,050 is became a kind of international gnome. 11 00:02:14.940 --> 00:02:23.070 but you know, even though the share of residential sector itself is not big enough, but 12 00:02:23.110 --> 00:02:37.859 People live in house, and we Always use energy in our house, and Increasingly, the consumption of residential sectors is increasing. So 13 00:02:37.920 --> 00:02:39.729 we think 14 00:02:40.020 --> 00:02:59.409 renewable energy expansion is important, but also demand aside management to reduce our consumption is very important, especially in residential sector. So our study purpose is to understand and to use patterns and identify user segmentation 15 00:02:59.720 --> 00:03:12.539 research questions are, how many home appliances are at home are open, and how long are appliances used, and who prepares, which appliances, and why? 16 00:03:13.650 --> 00:03:38.660 And so this study focuses on a relationship between household and devices, how sort of living at home especially we pay attention to people a house or a living room apartment, I will say the reason later. But Just the focus is the Most over half of people in Korea living in an apartment, and when we 17 00:03:38.660 --> 00:03:55.039 consume energy, especially electricity. At home we use devices, home appliances. So we selected a representative home appliances, including TV repriserators, air conditioners. 18 00:03:55.040 --> 00:04:00.919 electric fans, PC, vacuum cleaners, dice cooker and washing machine. 19 00:04:00.920 --> 00:04:25.310 So we can see through this appliance, consumption, pattern, and the amount of electricity used by these appliances we can see which one is more important. And what kind of social, Democratic, democratic? Demographic bailivers are related to each appliances. 20 00:04:25.680 --> 00:04:34.860 The theoretical background is, comes from, comes from Graham Hansen, published in 2,011. 21 00:04:35.340 --> 00:04:58.620 It was emphasized. It emphasized the 4 components of energy practice habits lose and knowledge meaning and technology. So this shows the need to pay attention to user attributes. In addition to the technical aspect, so technical aspect is one component. That is not the old. 22 00:04:59.580 --> 00:05:15.070 My apartment, as I mentioned. In terms of housing ratio in Korea apartment. Account for 63, so we should pay attention to apartment. Household! 23 00:05:15.100 --> 00:05:35.629 Korean apartment at the whaling rates is the highest among the 43 countries. So That is another reason. And the Korean apartment restaurant want a lot of information to save energy based on the 2,017 career energy census. 24 00:05:35.870 --> 00:06:04.370 it says, providing education for energy saving is required by householders living in apartment around the 40% research measured like this. we, this is our research flow of clients type, as I mentioned, and indicators, ownership uses frequency and up time. So through effector analysis, we know. So 25 00:06:04.660 --> 00:06:13.859 we can know the appliance use patterns. And another one is, we use the applied vector analysis. 26 00:06:13.930 --> 00:06:41.889 and the method. 2 was regression. So ols ordinary list, the scale duration and the contile declaration. So we can compare the group differences in Hector scores. So we use the household, the size, age, education, and income. as a representative of area, of of a social, democratic, variable. 27 00:06:41.890 --> 00:07:10.430 So this shows you the descriptive statistics result in terms of household the size. In our data 4 persons or more is around the hep. But this is a little different from our current situation in Korea. Now, currently one-person household accounts for the biggest ratio in around over 37. But 28 00:07:10.430 --> 00:07:35.430 we use the the data for apartment. So in apartment not single one single household, the the share is not big. So the more people live together, and age of Household Head around the 40 and 50 is at most, and the annual income level actually, apartment is oridos, relatively higher 29 00:07:35.430 --> 00:07:49.809 income compared with the total average and the number of elderly members not much in apartment. And the education level actually, bachelors is the most 30 00:07:50.440 --> 00:08:01.160 and the appliance variables the fan. conditional washing machine vacuum, and Bridget. lies Cooker, TV and PC. Or 31 00:08:01.280 --> 00:08:24.740 this table shows you the number size of frequency obtained by appliances, but according to some appliances, some appliances does not include all 3 factors, because some appliances is owned by one by household. So in that case we did not see the size or number 32 00:08:25.770 --> 00:08:42.789 now the result of ownership. actually, in Korea. Some appliances like Fan, pretty TV, Russian machine is almost approaching 100% ownership and others is over 70%. 33 00:08:43.470 --> 00:08:47.559 and In terms of annual. 34 00:08:47.740 --> 00:09:16.590 ours are used by home appliances. The Pre trader is the most, the longest. hours, because it runs the all day and all year around. And another thing is rice cookers, TV pence very greatly in use. Time from household to household. You can see it. The letter from the left of figure and the refrigerator lies. Cookers and Pbs are relatively more consumed than other appliances. 35 00:09:17.470 --> 00:09:20.360 This detector analysis, research, and 36 00:09:20.390 --> 00:09:38.649 the household, the size, the highest factor, score of appliances, means household to have a relatively more of them and use them often. So for most to home appliances the factor score increases as the household size increases. Maybe we can guess it. 37 00:09:38.650 --> 00:09:54.580 But the factor scores for televisions are higher. In two-person households. The factor scores for wash your machine are higher in three-person household, so you can see the different appliance uses by house or the size 38 00:09:54.730 --> 00:10:18.000 and pieces and air conditioning are home appliances that respond significantly to academic background. It is the when we use educational level pieces and air conditioner was the most important to factors. Household has, with less than a high school diploma are less likely to use of home appliances overall. 39 00:10:18.239 --> 00:10:42.840 and the third aid, labor, younger house order. They they am walking, accustomed to using air conditioner washing machine and rice cookers. It replex younger people is the desire for comfort, cleanness, and the convenience. All the households are more likely to use Tvs than we Pres raiders, Middle Ages. The household in K. 40 00:10:42.840 --> 00:11:09.410 The. This is the apartment. Higher use of pieces, tens, and vacuum cleaners. We guess it is because of their children, so all their their children use Pcs more and more. household members, they have more events, but it is related, and in case of a number of seniors, all the people clearly favor Tvs and be portrayed. 41 00:11:09.790 --> 00:11:14.950 you know, in Korea people like people always akin to 42 00:11:15.060 --> 00:11:38.930 fermented the food. So we use a separate refrigerator for Kinchy and all the people usually make a Gym. T for their children, so they usually have more than one and 2 refrigerators in addition to, and sometimes a printer and kinchi, sometimes 4 or 5. Or can you guess? 43 00:11:38.930 --> 00:11:51.539 So I am working another research. Older people's energy consumption different from our gas. They use electricity a lot. 44 00:11:52.470 --> 00:12:06.960 and in terms of income labor highly. It is highly correlated that the computers and air-conditioned reprints are highly related with income labor in our research research. 45 00:12:07.070 --> 00:12:08.120 So 46 00:12:08.580 --> 00:12:27.579 we can find we could find the target groups through segmentation home appliances, provide various services related to human wants and needs. The ownership and the use of home appliances depend on socioeconomic attributes of household. So 47 00:12:27.660 --> 00:12:53.539 if we know which groups prefer which appliances, we can help provide the saving information for those appliances. So this paper summarizes our findings so you can see what kind of services is related to appliance type, and how they have some relation with the social demographic variables. 48 00:12:54.300 --> 00:13:23.180 So we think a customized information delivery strategies can be established for each target group. So I already mentioned the several outcomes. So I will not repeat. So what is the implication of this study? We think first, it is necessary to utilize various indicators, possession and usage levels from integrated analysis of household appliances. Secondly. 49 00:13:23.180 --> 00:13:44.649 the segmentation research shows. Different groups prefer different to home appliances. The reserve can be attributed to social cultural inclination and lifestyle preference of a particular society. Totally. There is a need to provide more detailed information in the energy concerns. concerting process by setting 50 00:13:44.750 --> 00:13:52.110 groups, target groups by major home appliances. So we suggest future research areas. 51 00:13:52.120 --> 00:14:05.789 As the number of households living apartment will continue to increase in Korea, so it is necessary to conduct, seamless studies, investigating the factors associated with energy, consumption in apartment, environment. 52 00:14:05.900 --> 00:14:15.590 other variables involved in these differences and their effects are not yet fully understood. So we need to 53 00:14:15.610 --> 00:14:32.079 study, so future detailed studies will increase our knowledge of managing energy, demand of increasing number of households. Living in an apartment in Korea and other society, too. I think so. There will be more people living in apartment 250. 54 00:14:32.450 --> 00:14:34.289 Yeah, thank you so much. 55 00:14:49.840 --> 00:14:54.030 Oh, sorry. 56 00:14:55.480 --> 00:14:57.310 Yeah. 57 00:15:04.380 --> 00:15:06.230 Actually, I needed the next to 58 00:15:06.300 --> 00:15:09.269 one I everything we used to. 59 00:15:11.810 --> 00:15:19.560 and hello and thank you for organizing and carrying this session. I'm glad to be here 60 00:15:19.720 --> 00:15:21.170 today. 61 00:15:22.410 --> 00:15:27.680 I like to show you 2 questions and answers based on and pick up data. 62 00:15:35.100 --> 00:15:38.310 oh, okay. 63 00:15:43.230 --> 00:15:44.960 I got it, I think. 64 00:15:45.230 --> 00:15:56.179 And first question is, do transports most people you differ along cities. Well, we know intuitively the most difficult. 65 00:15:56.460 --> 00:16:01.950 Why do I have this question? As I said in my abstract? 66 00:16:03.470 --> 00:16:10.950 one of the ways to decrease energy consumption is shifting. Car used to public transportation. 67 00:16:12.140 --> 00:16:17.230 Lot of studies have been testing factors of pro and environmental behaviors 68 00:16:17.510 --> 00:16:31.609 when we try to save the mode based on those studies. It important to see the current situation of transport mode. because in most individual take their cards, it might be possible to 69 00:16:31.710 --> 00:16:35.509 them to public transportation. But if 70 00:16:35.550 --> 00:16:42.010 most individuals already take public transportation, there is no need for safety. 71 00:16:42.750 --> 00:16:44.420 and I'm afraid. 72 00:16:44.530 --> 00:16:49.299 there's a little discussion on this issue 73 00:16:49.600 --> 00:16:55.990 and social 0 environment. And according to our subway data. 74 00:16:56.050 --> 00:17:06.779 we found some differences in pickle. So let's see the results. And in 2,019. My co- researchers, I 75 00:17:06.980 --> 00:17:13.210 conduct the male surveys in 3 major cities in Japan 76 00:17:14.000 --> 00:17:19.720 Kavasak City and Cobest T. And fucking city 77 00:17:20.150 --> 00:17:27.749 provisions were about 5 point sorry, 1.5 millions at that time. 78 00:17:31.950 --> 00:17:34.710 And then using our 79 00:17:41.630 --> 00:17:42.750 and 80 00:17:43.120 --> 00:17:47.490 okay. 81 00:17:48.770 --> 00:17:52.390 and next page you want. 82 00:17:52.790 --> 00:17:53.520 And 83 00:17:54.180 --> 00:17:55.000 this one 84 00:18:06.530 --> 00:18:07.920 homework. 85 00:18:09.520 --> 00:18:14.230 It's 86 00:18:15.430 --> 00:18:20.190 okay. 87 00:18:21.180 --> 00:18:22.330 one of the turn to. 88 00:18:26.160 --> 00:18:30.570 we already just call this number. It's a small 89 00:18:30.630 --> 00:18:33.200 yeah. Thank you. 90 00:18:33.460 --> 00:18:35.650 So we were in convenience 91 00:18:35.970 --> 00:18:43.800 using systematic sampling. We chose 2 Southern citizens easily. 92 00:18:43.990 --> 00:18:51.049 Their age rendered 18 to 80, and response rates were 45 to 15%. 93 00:18:51.280 --> 00:18:53.340 And today 94 00:18:55.260 --> 00:18:59.030 I will show some analysis on those buyer boots 95 00:18:59.060 --> 00:19:05.200 does a commute I mean commute mode and commute time and shopping. 96 00:19:05.610 --> 00:19:09.929 I mean the means of transportation, shopping 97 00:19:10.210 --> 00:19:13.279 groceries, and home appliances. 98 00:19:17.790 --> 00:19:20.789 and this fear showed that 99 00:19:20.820 --> 00:19:24.619 commute mode efforts among cities 100 00:19:25.060 --> 00:19:31.310 67% of kavas. key respondents take drink 101 00:19:31.680 --> 00:19:37.080 and 49% of kobe take trend. And in Fukuka. 102 00:19:37.370 --> 00:19:39.590 37% 103 00:19:39.620 --> 00:19:46.210 people take the call to commute and train users for only 19%. 104 00:19:48.880 --> 00:19:54.810 Now we got the evidence. We found a difference in commit mode among cities. 105 00:19:55.440 --> 00:19:58.950 and next. and the 106 00:19:59.020 --> 00:20:06.420 and we find that train takes longer commit time than taking card. 107 00:20:06.490 --> 00:20:12.780 And we asked them, How long does it take from home to your workpress 108 00:20:12.870 --> 00:20:14.569 and read Dot. 109 00:20:15.710 --> 00:20:17.170 We 110 00:20:17.480 --> 00:20:28.769 it has. It has 1, 120 min, and it's about 60 min. It's no use for this 111 00:20:28.790 --> 00:20:37.950 letters. It's about 16 min. I think. and Kamazaki and Kobe her 112 00:20:38.110 --> 00:20:42.809 50 meters! 30 to meet with the who met her, and 113 00:20:43.070 --> 00:20:55.220 In plus I could be using. Train takes about 20 min longer than taking cost in full cocoa. The difference is about 114 00:20:55.310 --> 00:20:56.670 12 min. 115 00:20:59.130 --> 00:21:02.229 Okay, let's go to the next topic. 116 00:21:08.530 --> 00:21:10.079 Grocery shopping. 117 00:21:10.350 --> 00:21:20.470 This figure shows that when stores are located within 18800 meters, I mean a half a mile. 118 00:21:22.840 --> 00:21:26.620 people tend to go on foot or 119 00:21:27.490 --> 00:21:28.559 take a bike. 120 00:21:30.450 --> 00:21:31.740 and 121 00:21:32.250 --> 00:21:36.860 about 30% of who cook people take a car 122 00:21:37.600 --> 00:21:40.200 in Japan. It is said 123 00:21:40.500 --> 00:21:48.569 that we usually walk 80 meters per minute. So 800 meters, about 10 min walk 124 00:21:53.690 --> 00:21:54.660 and 125 00:21:57.380 --> 00:22:07.279 The start is located over 800 meters to 2,400 meters. I'm in a certain network 126 00:22:07.530 --> 00:22:10.459 people tend to take cuts 127 00:22:11.070 --> 00:22:21.099 67 people in Coca and 54 1,000 people in Corby on a 44%. 128 00:22:26.230 --> 00:22:27.190 And 129 00:22:27.740 --> 00:22:35.220 who these sick 46 people in Kawasaki still go on foot or take a bike. 130 00:22:36.940 --> 00:22:39.659 Therefore we found that 131 00:22:39.900 --> 00:22:46.330 transportation choosing also depends on the distance between the origin and the destination. 132 00:22:49.660 --> 00:22:53.710 So how about home affairs in Japan 133 00:22:54.140 --> 00:22:57.859 and cemetery there, and habits and groceries? 134 00:23:00.970 --> 00:23:06.619 When stores are located within 800 meters. 135 00:23:07.000 --> 00:23:10.300 her people tend to 136 00:23:11.440 --> 00:23:13.839 go on foot or 137 00:23:14.080 --> 00:23:15.229 take a bike. 138 00:23:16.500 --> 00:23:22.450 and some people in 45% take 139 00:23:22.620 --> 00:23:23.590 the cup. 140 00:23:25.690 --> 00:23:33.819 We understand that it can be difficult to walk home with heavy and large home appliances. 141 00:23:34.030 --> 00:23:36.130 People might use the 142 00:23:42.130 --> 00:23:52.480 and the locations over 800 meters to 2,400 meters. People tend to take a car. 143 00:23:55.890 --> 00:24:01.379 even cover circle respondents take their cop, 48%. 144 00:24:03.630 --> 00:24:10.400 And again, we understand that it can be difficult to walk home with heavy and large home upriers. 145 00:24:11.220 --> 00:24:15.219 So here the question number 2, 146 00:24:15.330 --> 00:24:21.149 environmental awareness and children transport mode related. 147 00:24:22.980 --> 00:24:33.030 And during this presentation I have been supporting that using public transport is one of pro environmental behaviors. 148 00:24:33.410 --> 00:24:34.180 But 149 00:24:35.000 --> 00:24:38.970 at Stan set in 2,000, 150 00:24:39.150 --> 00:24:44.540 using public transport is constrained by infrastructure. 151 00:24:45.630 --> 00:24:46.800 In fact. 152 00:24:46.930 --> 00:24:50.920 Kawasaki has excellent public transportation. 153 00:24:51.720 --> 00:25:01.299 This is Kawasak City, and it is located between Tokyo and Yokohama, the other major cities in Japan. 154 00:25:01.900 --> 00:25:03.780 and 155 00:25:03.790 --> 00:25:06.369 it is hard to see. But 156 00:25:06.610 --> 00:25:19.470 Glen lines here here, here here indicate labels. So it has a lot of public transportation in Kawasaki, so they can use trends. 157 00:25:22.590 --> 00:25:23.580 And 158 00:25:24.770 --> 00:25:29.310 because he had fewer trained subsidies in Kawasaki. 159 00:25:29.550 --> 00:25:31.730 sorry 160 00:25:33.290 --> 00:25:43.230 here here here, and the third presenter may live in coca. So please correct me if I'm wrong. 161 00:25:46.390 --> 00:25:51.920 And Covid. there are not many planes. 162 00:25:52.610 --> 00:25:56.440 so there are railroads. 163 00:25:59.270 --> 00:26:04.210 There are limited places to lay in red with 164 00:26:06.480 --> 00:26:10.360 here here here 165 00:26:12.480 --> 00:26:19.999 and furthermore. the nuisance said. 166 00:26:20.050 --> 00:26:29.830 sometimes individuals, make behavioral choices that reduce harm to the environment for other reasons. 167 00:26:31.960 --> 00:26:37.960 and they gave an example of riding a bike for health, not for environment. 168 00:26:38.960 --> 00:26:43.040 So we need to see if environmental awareness 169 00:26:45.500 --> 00:26:51.830 or not. Unfortunately, we did not ask environment to our anything. So the one. 170 00:26:51.880 --> 00:26:53.380 So this much 171 00:26:53.640 --> 00:27:04.879 as a core researchers, I and I conducted a website. We chose 5 certain respondents proposed native gender Asian region in Japan. 172 00:27:06.000 --> 00:27:14.739 And we asked them, how effective do you think using public transportation on solving global war. 173 00:27:14.780 --> 00:27:15.790 And 174 00:27:15.840 --> 00:27:23.639 about 51%. People think it's so effective, very or quite effective. 175 00:27:23.750 --> 00:27:28.469 And 49% of people think not so effective. 176 00:27:33.500 --> 00:27:43.620 So we excluded, responded, who could not use trends because they don't have train services in their areas? And 177 00:27:43.660 --> 00:27:49.270 we asked rest of the respondent who could use translated. 178 00:27:49.300 --> 00:27:52.580 How often do. You usually take trends? 179 00:27:53.740 --> 00:27:57.560 And we found that 180 00:27:58.730 --> 00:28:10.860 33% of people who think that public transportation is not so effective to solve global warming do not take trends at all. 181 00:28:10.920 --> 00:28:24.120 Sorry for double negative rate, and we also found that people who think that so effective tend to take trends a little more weak, and then 3 can be done not so effective. 182 00:28:25.450 --> 00:28:40.930 And we found that transport mode differs among cities and distance between hom and stores. We also found that environmental awareness and tuting transport mode can be related. 183 00:28:48.020 --> 00:28:53.829 Those findings are so fundamental that I can't make a concluding statement. 184 00:28:53.900 --> 00:29:00.419 Instead of that, I show other questions for further study. To crawl my presentation. 185 00:29:00.640 --> 00:29:07.309 it is necessary to find out reasons for using transport modes. I mean. 186 00:29:07.620 --> 00:29:14.030 do people choose that mode? As for environmental behaviors, or as for other reasons. And 187 00:29:14.050 --> 00:29:24.569 what makes people using cuts? Does no public transport short in tribal time, avoiding credit train or E. V. 16, and so on. 188 00:29:25.880 --> 00:29:34.530 Now I will back to my first statement. When we plan to change transport mode. We need to see the current situation in that area. 189 00:29:35.040 --> 00:29:43.740 and I and survey 2 researchers are running a nationwide random sample survey this November in Japan. 190 00:29:43.990 --> 00:29:51.129 I will do my best, and I hope to show you more detailed analysis at the next is a horror. 191 00:29:51.230 --> 00:29:53.800 that's all. Thank you for your attention. 192 00:29:58.730 --> 00:30:04.879 Thank you very much. Our next speaker is on the online. 193 00:30:06.800 --> 00:30:11.100 you just need to share the screen. Your end. 194 00:30:11.680 --> 00:30:14.730 Let me just 195 00:30:19.630 --> 00:30:21.489 okay. So we're not sharing. 196 00:30:26.720 --> 00:30:28.510 I'll stop by 197 00:30:30.630 --> 00:30:39.470 Our next speaker is Yan Yan Chen from Japan. 198 00:30:40.250 --> 00:30:41.889 You can start now 199 00:30:47.940 --> 00:30:48.710 right 200 00:30:49.050 --> 00:30:51.960 the next time, can you? 201 00:30:52.020 --> 00:30:54.600 CHEN Yanyan: Yes, yes, yes. Sorry. 202 00:30:55.120 --> 00:30:56.620 good morning. Everyone. 203 00:30:56.670 --> 00:31:14.729 CHEN Yanyan: I'm chin from Institute of Technology of Japan. I'm sorry, cannot go to the Conference in person. But I want to share my research. by Internet. with you hope you can give me some advice to improve my 204 00:31:15.050 --> 00:31:18.909 CHEN Yanyan: research the presentation today. sorry. 205 00:31:19.080 --> 00:31:20.210 CHEN Yanyan: Just can. 206 00:31:21.670 --> 00:31:34.810 CHEN Yanyan: The presentation today is a causal analysis of energy reduction behaviors in daily life, as we all know, environmental problems, has already become a very serious challenge that human beings are facing. 207 00:31:34.920 --> 00:31:56.200 CHEN Yanyan: And it is at that evangelical problem steps from people, from the traditional values, attitude and behaviors that prevalent within our society. And they are the result of the crisis in humans, attitude or values. And also it is caused by the improper understanding of the importance of natural environment. 208 00:31:56.200 --> 00:32:06.520 CHEN Yanyan: So in order to solve the environmental problem. It is very important to improve people's environment consciousness and also to evoke people's pro-invariant behavior. 209 00:32:07.480 --> 00:32:16.479 CHEN Yanyan: And however, what is environment, consciousness, and all about the pro environment behaviors. It is very complex 210 00:32:16.480 --> 00:32:32.829 CHEN Yanyan: mit Ctl, and issue such as there are hundreds of definitions of, I am the consciousness. And there are 500 different operations designed to marry people's attitude, and it includes perception, understandings, value, judgment, and other 150 211 00:32:32.830 --> 00:32:57.790 CHEN Yanyan: a behavior, an intention, and also for the pro- environmental behaviors. in the in last year the the paper I published in last year, I compared and discussed the 2 type of pro environment to behavior, like, first in personal level like energy saving reuse or recycle. And also you social level environmental demonstration. And do not. 212 00:32:57.790 --> 00:33:24.609 CHEN Yanyan: And this kind of behavior. So in today's presentation, I just focus on the pre- environment behaviors in the individual level and based on the analysis of the survey data and from a perspective of relationship between people's consciousness and behavior. The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that influence people's energy, reduction behaviors in daily life 213 00:33:24.610 --> 00:33:30.909 CHEN Yanyan: aims to supply some clues as to how to invoke people's pro-informed behaviors. 214 00:33:31.000 --> 00:33:50.209 CHEN Yanyan: and and next is the survey data. The survey data I used is collected from in a march 2,020 this year, 3 months ago. This is the newest date data I have. So I want to update some pre preliminary analysis. I want to share with you 215 00:33:50.210 --> 00:34:11.709 CHEN Yanyan: and the name of the survey is called a social survey regarding people's Ev to consciousness and behavior. And the sampling method is choral sampling, and also conduct, and is, was conducted by the Internet, and finally got 2,000 samples, who are aged from 18 to 75, leaving Japan, however, not all the samples can be analyzed. 216 00:34:11.710 --> 00:34:30.610 CHEN Yanyan: Only 1,103 are taken as the weighted samples. And today's result are based on the analysis of this weeded samples and it include 31 question items also include 8 democratic factors of variables, such as gender income. 217 00:34:30.970 --> 00:34:47.199 CHEN Yanyan: And the in today's presentation, I will use the question. 12 like pro event behavior like, how often do you conduct the following one to 3 for 6 behaviors in your daily life 218 00:34:47.200 --> 00:35:12.199 CHEN Yanyan: such as purchase of in eco-friendly products, reuse or recycle water, saving energy, saving, using public transportation, using my own shopping back and option is our include 4 options always us, often, sometimes, and never. And this behavior these 6 behaviors were taking as the target variables. And the remaining question items, are you 219 00:35:12.200 --> 00:35:30.510 CHEN Yanyan: as the Independent? What variables the purpose is? Try to clarify what kind of question items, or what kind of people's opinion. have I effect, if no significant effect on the formation of the of these 6 behaviors. 220 00:35:30.660 --> 00:35:53.309 CHEN Yanyan: And the analysis method include, I I used here a first simple tabulation. I use this method to to show the practice of the 6 behaviors in daily life, and I also used the Chi-square task to chest. Whether there is a significant association between the environment consciousness item and also the pro environmental behavior. items 221 00:35:53.310 --> 00:36:17.599 CHEN Yanyan: and also multiple Co correspondent analysis. Mc. Was also used to clarify that generate patterns of relationship between event consciousness and the behavior and the funding. The load The logistic regression. Analysis was also used to clarify the causal effect of people's environment consciousness to environmental pro you to behavior because the survey data, most of the civvy data are 222 00:36:17.600 --> 00:36:19.060 category go 223 00:36:19.060 --> 00:36:24.809 CHEN Yanyan: data. So I use this method to do to date the analyze. 224 00:36:25.050 --> 00:36:47.070 CHEN Yanyan: then the first. And here are the results, first, the practice of pro pro environment behavior of the 6 behaviors in daily life. By the simple tabulation, we can say that more than 80% of the respondents indicate that that they are always, or some are often to reuse, recycle these kind of behaviors. 225 00:36:47.070 --> 00:37:00.579 CHEN Yanyan: it's very widely conducted. In Japanese Daily life, and especially for using their own shopping bag at more than 80% indicated that they are always taking their shopping back one. 226 00:37:00.720 --> 00:37:22.139 CHEN Yanyan: and for the using public transportation is kind of lower like 50, more than 50, maybe, compared to other countries. This is still not very low. because just now that professor also says that public public transportation in Japan is very convenient. So many people choose to use it. But however the 227 00:37:22.140 --> 00:37:32.749 CHEN Yanyan: from this result we can see that only. they are also 41% of the respondents say that they sometimes or never use the public transportation. 228 00:37:32.890 --> 00:37:49.889 CHEN Yanyan: And for the purchase of eco-friendly products, there are 50, more than 50 around 50% say that they sometimes only sometimes or never. do this kind of behavior. It seems that even 229 00:37:49.990 --> 00:38:01.649 CHEN Yanyan: even to have the environment even to have the environment. people are not would like to pay for more money to do this kind of behavior, even for the environment. 230 00:38:01.850 --> 00:38:19.949 CHEN Yanyan: And this is the first results. The second one is the Chi-square task. I use the Chi-square tasks to chat, to, to to to check whether there is a significant association between all the environmental consciousness items, and with the 231 00:38:19.950 --> 00:38:42.779 CHEN Yanyan: pro event to behaviors. So they are just now. I said, there are 31 quest to items, and I use all of this question items except behavior items. Of course, also, here are the question items that have the significant associated association with the behaviors I put here. So we here are so with all the 232 00:38:42.820 --> 00:38:57.659 CHEN Yanyan: have significant association with all these 6 behaviors put here. So we can see the question items. The content is like, how import how important is environmental or preservation to you, and also like 233 00:38:57.660 --> 00:39:16.160 CHEN Yanyan: in order to protect the environment. I would like to. I I'm waiting to people much higher price and also higher tax. I also cut my standard leaving, and also whether they feel. it is important how important to do the volunteer at attitude. And here is the 234 00:39:16.160 --> 00:39:23.130 CHEN Yanyan: question items that seems very particularly important for the conduction for the formation of this behavior. 235 00:39:23.130 --> 00:39:37.830 CHEN Yanyan: And after I pick up this kind of question items, I also conducted a multiple correspondent analysis. Here is the point. That seems the people who always all often 236 00:39:38.030 --> 00:40:02.699 CHEN Yanyan: doing the pro The 6 behaviors are located here and near this po this location. There are here other question items around this group. So it seems there are most similarities with the pro environment of behavior. And also I date logistic reg reg regression analysis 237 00:40:03.310 --> 00:40:26.470 CHEN Yanyan: no use the this question items with the 6 behaviors, the results that marked yellow means ha! The the item has the statistically significant and like, for I would like you focus on this part of question questions such as whether people fail 238 00:40:26.470 --> 00:40:36.470 CHEN Yanyan: the environmental problem have a direct effect on their daily life. It. It means that the people more feel more 239 00:40:36.810 --> 00:41:02.330 CHEN Yanyan: the the environmental problem have more have a direct effect on their daily life, the more likely to conduct this behavior, and also, like people with winning, is higher willingness to people higher price, and also cost their standard of living, and also willingness to do some personal added efforts to reduce carbon dioxide. I I mentioned this kind of people with people with this kind of 240 00:41:02.590 --> 00:41:29.940 CHEN Yanyan: consciousness or attitude. It seems that the more likely to conduct this behaviors in daily life. And this is the logistic regression analysis. And also I picked up 3 demographic factors, variables like age and a gender income to do the mc analysis. And here is the yes, yes, yes, means the people who always also have the behaviors. 241 00:41:29.940 --> 00:41:41.989 CHEN Yanyan: And around here is the female, and also people with older age, however, the income is located on the dimension 2 seems no clearly 10 242 00:41:42.450 --> 00:42:08.840 CHEN Yanyan: tender. Say, can, whether have the can the with the relationship with the behavior. So he, these are only the preliminary analysis result. And from this analysis I got some information like First, the 6 behaviors widely conducted in Japanese daily life, and some of the question items. It means some of 243 00:42:08.840 --> 00:42:25.219 CHEN Yanyan: people's attitude or consciousness. things are important in evoking people's pro- environmental behavior in daily life. And people with higher awareness of the environmental consequence means the people who feel the environmental problem have direct 244 00:42:25.220 --> 00:42:47.919 CHEN Yanyan: it effect on the Ibm to on their daily life they more likely tend to have pro event behavior, and also people's willingness to take some action that have the environment. It seems very particularly important in predicting whether the people conduct behavior or not, like people. if they are willing to. 245 00:42:47.920 --> 00:43:14.570 CHEN Yanyan: More waiting to do the like at their stand of life, and also pay for higher price, or even, I'll do some per personal contribution to have the environment. it seems like behavior. This kind of behavior intention is very important to the conduction of pro environment behavior, and also older people and a female are more likely to have pro environment behaviors in daily life. 246 00:43:14.570 --> 00:43:29.670 CHEN Yanyan: And this is this other information that I got from from this. very preliminary. analyze. And here are the reference. Thank you very much for your listening. Thank you. 247 00:43:31.970 --> 00:43:34.379 Thank you very much. 248 00:43:44.729 --> 00:43:49.460 Things to this is trying to screen. 249 00:43:50.340 --> 00:43:51.040 Yeah. 250 00:43:55.510 --> 00:43:57.959 thank you very much. And 251 00:43:58.620 --> 00:44:20.989 yeah, sorry. I just 10, Nanyan explained how the beginning of a presentation, we have lots of a wrong history of we behaviors for environmental consciousness. And there is some kind of a still unclear relationship. And I think 3 presentation 252 00:44:20.990 --> 00:44:33.659 try to a kind of new protein in environmental consciousness and the environmental behaviors and some kind of the social economic factors. 253 00:44:34.160 --> 00:44:41.969 I think now we we will have some questions and the answers. The anyone has a question. 254 00:44:45.000 --> 00:44:45.700 You 255 00:44:45.819 --> 00:44:48.610 I should come 256 00:44:48.630 --> 00:44:51.709 to you. I sorry. So in. 257 00:44:52.899 --> 00:44:53.859 I think you. 258 00:44:54.970 --> 00:44:57.149 yes, yes, please. Yes. 259 00:45:03.359 --> 00:45:27.500 okay. Thanks for the presentation. I'm quite agree. Let's change from the demand side. It's quite important for tackering the problem of climate crisis. And I'm just wondering 260 00:45:27.500 --> 00:45:43.520 what would be the implication for your research in terms of how should policy make trench to response to your 261 00:45:43.520 --> 00:45:57.920 research funding. And also I think it will be difficult to simply realize the individual consumer to make changes. So 262 00:45:57.920 --> 00:46:13.680 it probably also had some. Your research probably also had some implication, for at your consumer advocacy groups. So yeah, you may can and make some response to my question. Thank you. 263 00:46:14.020 --> 00:46:17.570 So your question is to sung in noon, is it right? 264 00:46:18.270 --> 00:46:19.369 Excuse me. 265 00:46:19.690 --> 00:46:26.399 all right. So you're cast into all over the 3? Or, yeah. 266 00:46:28.980 --> 00:46:31.279 yeah, thank you for your questions. 267 00:46:31.690 --> 00:46:53.020 yeah, as you mentioned, maybe a palace implication is very important because the individual level, if we just focus on individual level, maybe concerned people or people with environmental awareness. They only act so that's not enough. In the error of a climate change. 268 00:46:53.120 --> 00:47:10.010 Everybody should change their behavior. So it means not just that depending on individual awareness. But also we need to change our institutions and policy and laws. But anyway, but still 269 00:47:10.300 --> 00:47:22.850 we need to have some tips for people's behavior changing in our study. It shows, even though we have the same home appliances. 270 00:47:22.850 --> 00:47:43.299 But their uses, or up time is different by household or by individual. So who use what kind of appliances most? It is very important, for example, as I mentioned that I have another research on older people's energy consumption. 271 00:47:43.390 --> 00:47:45.560 But in that case, you know 272 00:47:45.580 --> 00:47:51.169 one female female, our old female 273 00:47:51.510 --> 00:47:58.070 whole energy consumption is very high, even though he live in very small apartment. 274 00:47:58.140 --> 00:48:00.870 So we found that the reason 275 00:48:01.970 --> 00:48:13.860 refrigerator is very old, very energy is efficient. So I think if the government to have some has some policies to 276 00:48:13.960 --> 00:48:24.369 improve energy, maybe demand the size management they need to help the older people change their appliances more energy efficient. 277 00:48:24.560 --> 00:48:26.060 So through our 278 00:48:26.260 --> 00:48:27.190 study. 279 00:48:27.370 --> 00:48:56.900 the female came to know what's the reason. What's the cause? But she does not have any economic capability to change it or to replace the whole old repriter. So in this sense, maybe the government came in and helped to replace those appliances, and in case of a young people they use more 280 00:48:56.920 --> 00:49:09.010 washing machine and vacuums because they think comfort and cleanness is very important. So in that case, maybe we can give some tips. Maybe it is better to 281 00:49:09.010 --> 00:49:28.010 reduce the washing time. That kind of keeps. So we think so. Customised information, delivery strategies is very important to improve the effect of demand, the size management of policy. That is our policy implication. 282 00:49:29.940 --> 00:49:40.880 and thank you for asking. And I think using public talk-based transportation has many aspects. As I mentioned in my presentation. 283 00:49:40.920 --> 00:49:42.820 we first 284 00:49:42.900 --> 00:49:47.990 find out, the many aspects as 285 00:49:48.120 --> 00:49:49.640 possible, so 286 00:49:49.760 --> 00:49:58.419 which aspects may can be related to pro-imper with behaviors and or not. So 287 00:49:58.820 --> 00:49:59.930 okay. 288 00:49:59.940 --> 00:50:02.500 the first thing we 289 00:50:02.740 --> 00:50:06.169 shoot first 2, I think. Thank you. 290 00:50:07.060 --> 00:50:12.950 okay, thank you very much for 291 00:50:13.020 --> 00:50:37.230 CHEN Yanyan: yeah, thank you very much for your question. As I said just now. in fact, environment problem is just is a result of the crisis of the problem of people's consciousness. People's attitude. So find out what is the problem of people's consciousness, or what kind of consciousness can contribute to people's to promote peoples, to do the behaviors that good for the environment is very. 292 00:50:37.230 --> 00:51:01.239 CHEN Yanyan: very important. this is only a very simple analysis. But we can find that the people from the logistic on that regression analysis, we can say that the people feel that you've got to problem have more effect on their daily life. It seems they mode would like to do this kind of behaviors, so how to give the information that the environmental problem really threats our daily life. 293 00:51:01.240 --> 00:51:24.409 CHEN Yanyan: Maybe it's a will be a like useful way to promote people's promote people's per pro environmental behaviors. So this kind of research, all results, maybe can contribute to the I people how to edit kit environment attitude and environmental education, and I hope they can know. 294 00:51:24.970 --> 00:51:48.899 CHEN Yanyan: for in the future I will do. in in in my customer is there are also many other behaviors, and I will continue to analyze, to to see what kind of consciousness, what kind of like items, is related, to what kind of behaviors and try to give more information about how to promote people's pro environment behavior. Thank you very much. 295 00:51:49.470 --> 00:51:53.540 Thank you very much. Any other question. Yes, please. 296 00:51:59.380 --> 00:52:05.120 I'm Kochi from Japan. I'd like to ask to 297 00:52:05.430 --> 00:52:06.670 Hiroshi. 298 00:52:07.390 --> 00:52:13.509 you found a very important. 299 00:52:13.520 --> 00:52:17.440 the point 300 00:52:17.730 --> 00:52:21.460 groceries shopping. 301 00:52:21.620 --> 00:52:23.100 It's a location 302 00:52:23.170 --> 00:52:34.600 within 800 meters or over 800 meters. This is very critical point to defer people's 303 00:52:34.700 --> 00:52:38.490 targeted to use a 304 00:52:39.030 --> 00:52:42.690 a car or a riding bike at the center. 305 00:52:42.920 --> 00:52:43.980 But 306 00:52:44.210 --> 00:52:52.880 I' to ask you, how about a sociological point of view? Yeah. 307 00:52:53.010 --> 00:53:02.070 the distance between their houses and grocery stores? 308 00:53:02.110 --> 00:53:05.170 It's a just a physical situation. 309 00:53:06.360 --> 00:53:12.030 So in your study, the physical situation is very critical. 310 00:53:12.140 --> 00:53:24.979 Yeah, this is very important to find. Exc, I agree. But you are you, Barbara, the sociologist, are you so? 311 00:53:25.190 --> 00:53:42.720 Can you find something more sociological point of view? And how about policy? What is it, in fact? So if you want to really change a citizen's attitude. 312 00:53:44.070 --> 00:53:50.230 What do you think about policy effect on this situation? Thank you. 313 00:53:50.570 --> 00:53:58.670 Oh. very interesting question. 314 00:53:58.960 --> 00:54:01.470 I think I. 315 00:54:01.670 --> 00:54:11.309 And by not sociology. I called, and 316 00:54:11.730 --> 00:54:17.010 hmm! 317 00:54:17.750 --> 00:54:20.810 It's difficult to answer. Not but 318 00:54:21.140 --> 00:54:27.659 they give me hold some time to answer. After this conflict 319 00:54:27.810 --> 00:54:40.869 I think he need another product, because I like. For me the 800 meters means that the working distance, or sometimes, if they even though they just the py one emitters. But there's a big lever. 320 00:54:41.010 --> 00:54:58.389 and people cannot. The cat grows by work. In the case of the statistically, they cannot distinguish it, both of them. So when we say it within 100 meters 321 00:54:58.780 --> 00:55:02.180 on my title candle things. 322 00:55:03.060 --> 00:55:04.950 Here's a complicated. 323 00:55:05.170 --> 00:55:17.339 I think a distance can be defined as 2 way. As you mentioned basically physical distance. Another way is psychological distance. 324 00:55:17.350 --> 00:55:38.740 even though we have the same distance. Some people think it is not far enough, or some people think it is very close where a farm. So it depends on people's awareness, especially in this context, environmental awareness is very important. For me, 100 meter is nothing. 325 00:55:38.890 --> 00:55:40.609 I always walk. 326 00:55:40.710 --> 00:55:43.080 I do not drive in his home. 327 00:55:43.320 --> 00:55:57.719 but some person, maybe 100 meter is long. So I think, even though we have the same physical distance. The meaning of that distance is different. 328 00:55:57.730 --> 00:55:59.410 a person by person. 329 00:55:59.520 --> 00:56:08.660 It is related to people's environmental awareness, especially in this sentence, context, climate awareness. 330 00:56:08.780 --> 00:56:10.839 That is my 331 00:56:11.000 --> 00:56:22.710 oh, thank you. How about that? We should talk about this distance in terms of in the East Asia, in in Oklahoma, with this specialization. 332 00:56:22.720 --> 00:56:52.590 and they in the in distance, as she said, at the piscal distance or the the psychological distance that for me is kind of a cultural distance. For example, young woman cannot work in the in the night at the 800 meters enable some countries. So when you say about distance, that is quite a different to which situation? So if we have a chance, we should talk about this, the agenda in next time. Alright! 333 00:56:52.680 --> 00:56:55.489 All right. Other questions. 334 00:56:59.580 --> 00:57:03.239 all right. If so, actually 335 00:57:03.390 --> 00:57:04.680 I have a 336 00:57:05.260 --> 00:57:33.059 question. 3 of them actually, the 2 days over I have Vodino with a young skylar from Korea. Mr. over there. He he told me he saw the research ideas, and he stressed the kind of the importance of the concept of words when, if she tried to meet the people when I had a you a presentation for me kind of the word, the behavior. But the kind of 337 00:57:33.160 --> 00:57:39.499 pattern means to me still quite a traditional 338 00:57:40.320 --> 00:57:56.829 we used for me, because I think the behavior has a 2 2 dimensions. One is just kind of personal. What? Instead, instantively behaving things, 1 one the other. One is kind of an institutional life vehicle 339 00:57:56.830 --> 00:58:11.640 or embedded behavior. What kind of kind of social practice mean? So what I interesting is a 3 of them, the used behavior. And for me, someone 340 00:58:11.640 --> 00:58:38.429 we're not distinguish kind of will institutionalize, be able by instant to be able, or someone tried to distinguish one. So would you explain just to to to dimension, of what behavior, what kind of behavior would you try to explain in your research in this time, and how how to connect to the other aspect of a behavior in your in your mind. 341 00:58:39.260 --> 00:58:49.110 I think maybe in the concept of behavior as you mentioned. Maybe we can separate. 342 00:58:49.220 --> 00:59:14.320 But One person's behavior has 2 aspects together sometimes. Maybe if I I behaves like a. But it is my own personal behavior, but it is not separated from our institutional arrangement. For example, I wash my, I operate my my washing machine 343 00:59:14.830 --> 00:59:17.809 or not just I or some person. 344 00:59:18.090 --> 00:59:37.560 just a watching motion itself is a personal behavior. But you know the concept of clinics is very different. Society by society. When I was young. We do not rush it frequently, or rush our bodies. It was 345 00:59:37.840 --> 00:59:44.330 not a body washing every day, you know, but nowadays 346 00:59:44.500 --> 00:59:49.529 one time for day, but or among our young generation. 347 00:59:49.650 --> 00:59:53.179 twice for 3 times a day. 348 00:59:53.260 --> 00:59:56.160 So their concept is different. But 349 00:59:56.930 --> 01:00:01.769 individual behavior. Our society is to 350 01:00:02.270 --> 01:00:06.000 some degree of cleanness and our impact 351 01:00:06.250 --> 01:00:07.160 that I, 352 01:00:08.180 --> 01:00:17.060 though when I was young, I want to wash my bodies more frequently. But I did not have a warm world. 353 01:00:17.480 --> 01:00:23.550 so you know, it was not easy for me to wash my bodies every day. So if I 354 01:00:23.570 --> 01:00:50.540 is institutional arrangement or infrastructure, arrangement is very important to do something, so every day is our daily life is a kind of competition of our individual behavior, and it is related underlying so socially expected or socially errors the behavior. 355 01:00:50.540 --> 01:01:01.160 So that is the concept of a gram-ponsense habit and rules and knowledge that technology, those are interrelated. 356 01:01:01.270 --> 01:01:04.799 So that is my position, all right. And yeah. 357 01:01:07.490 --> 01:01:10.450 excuse me. 358 01:01:10.640 --> 01:01:15.030 Sorry I saw a question in the chat. Can I answer this question here? 359 01:01:15.730 --> 01:01:25.279 Chat? Yes, just 1 s, please. We have a 2 speakers response, and then you will. I see your chat? 360 01:01:29.100 --> 01:01:30.870 Yes, please, please go on 361 01:01:36.660 --> 01:01:37.910 nice. 362 01:01:37.940 --> 01:01:39.120 I think. 363 01:01:41.150 --> 01:01:44.390 I'm usually studying 364 01:01:44.660 --> 01:01:49.069 daily for environmental behaviors and 365 01:01:49.450 --> 01:01:52.230 to 366 01:01:53.650 --> 01:01:54.660 hmm 367 01:01:55.020 --> 01:01:56.850 motive 368 01:01:56.960 --> 01:02:01.430 consciousness is related to pro- climate behavior. 369 01:02:02.710 --> 01:02:04.770 We found that so 370 01:02:06.890 --> 01:02:09.199 we need to. 371 01:02:09.390 --> 01:02:10.450 So 372 01:02:15.460 --> 01:02:25.099 these other people, you should, or you should do a not to on the point of environment behaviors. 373 01:02:25.490 --> 01:02:27.240 And 374 01:02:29.390 --> 01:02:31.140 you have the question. 375 01:02:32.340 --> 01:02:33.529 In this 376 01:02:34.290 --> 01:02:37.879 amazing age a distance is 377 01:02:38.890 --> 01:02:45.180 just a meet difference. And it is the people and younger people. So 378 01:02:45.570 --> 01:02:46.959 we shoot. 379 01:02:47.810 --> 01:02:55.069 construct a system. We need to consult a system that can help. 380 01:02:55.130 --> 01:02:57.760 And 381 01:02:59.000 --> 01:03:00.889 so my question, thank you. 382 01:03:01.640 --> 01:03:09.140 And on the online, would you the answer to my question? And do you see the the chat? 383 01:03:09.830 --> 01:03:12.030 I think that question is to you. 384 01:03:12.150 --> 01:03:18.909 Hi, yes, I saw the question. Yeah, thank you very much for this question. In fact. 385 01:03:18.910 --> 01:03:42.700 CHEN Yanyan: there is a question. Items to investigate the the influence of the air pollution. And also there is a question for the water pollution. however, first these 2 items approved to not have significant not have statistic significance for the These 6 behaviors which I 386 01:03:42.700 --> 01:04:07.299 CHEN Yanyan: I explained today. This is the first reason I did why I didn't discuss it because it's it. It it it it, it, it proved, didn't have a significant influence. This is the first reason, and the second reason although I didn't give the information about people's answer, but I can hear tell you like, more than 80% of the respondent said that they didn't have any in 387 01:04:07.300 --> 01:04:34.450 CHEN Yanyan: flows from the air, pollution and all, or just have a little, and also for the water pollution. They are also have the same tendency. It means 85% of the responders see that they didn't have any influence. All just had a little. So So another reason, maybe because in Japan, the air, also the water. You can drink the water directly, so the the quality is good for the 388 01:04:34.450 --> 01:04:56.330 CHEN Yanyan: air pollution for the year, and also for the water condition. So this is maybe the maybe at this stage, these 2 items, all these 2 factors seems don't have very significant influence on the form of of people's pro event behavior. So thank you. Did I answer your question? Thank you very much. 389 01:04:56.940 --> 01:05:02.149 All right, thank you. And I think we can change this station. 390 01:05:02.390 --> 01:05:07.599 It's Ok. A little bit earlier, but we can do it a lunch or regularly. 391 01:05:07.850 --> 01:05:10.020 thank you. 392 01:05:10.670 --> 01:05:21.850 You are 3 presentations, and thank you for your attending. Enjoy your on and enjoy your desktop conference. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you.