WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.001 --> 00:00:04.810 clemente j navarro: Okay, I I will. I will do a very, very little presentation of the session. Okay? 2 00:00:04.900 --> 00:00:10.140 clemente j navarro: And now I I will give you the flow. Okay. I know. So 3 00:00:10.340 --> 00:00:19.410 clemente j navarro: welcome to this session. I will share this with you through the zoom. 4 00:00:19.550 --> 00:00:22.840 clemente j navarro: Ralph, from the 5 00:00:23.650 --> 00:00:30.949 clemente j navarro: A. It's a college of. We'll do the the chair as in the in the room. Okay. 6 00:00:31.530 --> 00:00:36.169 clemente j navarro: James, I'm sorry. Tell me 7 00:00:36.520 --> 00:00:40.260 clemente j navarro: you. I know, I know, I know, but 8 00:00:40.710 --> 00:00:58.809 clemente j navarro: you, you and the other presenter will do the presentation. Okay? And then at the end, with the rally in the room. We will get the floor to the attendees in the room first, and then I will do with the attendees in Zoom. Okay. 9 00:00:59.670 --> 00:01:06.420 clemente j navarro: okay, for all presentation. Then question first in the room and then 10 00:01:06.520 --> 00:01:11.509 clemente j navarro: in zoom, and then we can do the debate or the discussion, and so on. Okay. 11 00:01:11.670 --> 00:01:15.640 clemente j navarro: well, the aim of the section 12 00:01:15.900 --> 00:01:21.070 clemente j navarro: was basically to answer to our question. The question 13 00:01:21.140 --> 00:01:26.809 clemente j navarro: could be, if the public institution, public actors. 14 00:01:27.130 --> 00:01:30.270 clemente j navarro: public policies. gone. 15 00:01:30.690 --> 00:01:39.249 clemente j navarro: influence in citizens, involvement in community affairs. I think we have 3 presentation 16 00:01:39.290 --> 00:01:45.260 clemente j navarro: that the provide some answers to this question apply very different 17 00:01:45.300 --> 00:01:50.709 clemente j navarro: theoretical and meteorological approaches. We have 3 18 00:01:51.160 --> 00:02:05.699 clemente j navarro: 3 presentation, because one presenter from the Antonio Museum University of Barcelona, is sick, and she is not able to do the presentation. We help Marina. 19 00:02:05.870 --> 00:02:10.769 clemente j navarro: She will recover as soon as possible. Okay, so 20 00:02:10.920 --> 00:02:12.969 clemente j navarro: right now. 21 00:02:13.210 --> 00:02:16.430 clemente j navarro: if you you will. 22 00:02:19.010 --> 00:02:22.359 clemente j navarro: you kind of start your presentation right? 23 00:02:29.060 --> 00:02:30.269 clemente j navarro: Can you hear me? 24 00:02:34.810 --> 00:02:36.460 2? 25 00:02:36.530 --> 00:02:37.850 clemente j navarro: Yeah. 26 00:02:38.570 --> 00:02:39.460 So excuse me. 27 00:02:39.690 --> 00:02:42.169 And whether you can see what's happening inside the. 28 00:02:42.570 --> 00:02:48.939 I'm sorry. But the first thing about this actually came down. So shall we just stop with that one? Yeah. 29 00:02:49.520 --> 00:02:52.519 clemente j navarro: okay. thank you. 30 00:02:56.180 --> 00:02:57.030 By need for me. 31 00:02:58.980 --> 00:03:00.060 clemente j navarro: Okay. 32 00:03:00.580 --> 00:03:02.040 I arrived at 33 00:03:02.180 --> 00:03:04.689 clemente j navarro: Nice to meet you 34 00:03:04.920 --> 00:03:05.750 and you. 35 00:03:06.860 --> 00:03:08.620 Clement. 36 00:03:08.710 --> 00:03:09.810 for it. 37 00:03:10.930 --> 00:03:12.000 and 38 00:03:13.100 --> 00:03:22.589 congratulations those who are physically here. Welcome. Thank you. Coming along and looking forward to the discussions this afternoon. Session. 39 00:03:23.880 --> 00:03:25.890 Do you also have my politics for 40 00:03:26.190 --> 00:03:31.330 showing up a little bit late? I also, probably while I'm offering apologies. 41 00:03:31.390 --> 00:03:35.889 I might also say that originally this paper was in another session. 42 00:03:36.430 --> 00:03:40.979 and was transposed here by some root that I come. 43 00:03:41.210 --> 00:03:48.999 But That means that it might. It might fit a little in Congress. 44 00:03:49.370 --> 00:03:51.519 But of course I'm aware 45 00:03:51.690 --> 00:04:02.040 of the of the theme of this session around place- policies enhancing community life. I think it fits. But 46 00:04:02.360 --> 00:04:07.720 I'm going to ask for your imagination in helping me with that process. 47 00:04:07.910 --> 00:04:13.579 so without further. Do I think we've gone around 15 min each, and maybe we've got an extra 5. If we've got somebody dropped out. 48 00:04:13.730 --> 00:04:22.330 so maybe I'll be able to leave it on myself, but I'll get my so by way of introduction. This work. 49 00:04:22.690 --> 00:04:25.860 It is very nice, and 50 00:04:26.210 --> 00:04:36.830 it in process. My apologies again for not having really thought through properly so theoretical framework. I mean literally in the process of doing that 51 00:04:39.060 --> 00:04:41.829 really is kind of the the of this work 52 00:04:42.530 --> 00:04:44.589 the majority of the data collection 53 00:04:44.740 --> 00:04:50.320 the to the 54 00:04:52.460 --> 00:04:53.190 much 55 00:04:56.560 --> 00:04:58.900 just acknowledged 56 00:04:59.300 --> 00:05:00.939 the 100 take 57 00:05:01.030 --> 00:05:11.920 nations, the traditional on this. the land on which Mit and this to mention synthesis, and I respect to leave recognized elders of past. 58 00:05:12.130 --> 00:05:13.840 present, and managing. 59 00:05:14.440 --> 00:05:17.989 and also the land that we're on has never been seeded 60 00:05:18.600 --> 00:05:22.049 and and remains average. I found 61 00:05:22.550 --> 00:05:23.610 the 62 00:05:25.120 --> 00:05:38.310 so. As I said, this work is kind of in the middle, and so I'll stand fine, and it's really in talking about the background and approach to it around 5 min on the work where we're off to in terms of finding something, some kind of interim 63 00:05:38.470 --> 00:05:39.950 kind of we are. 64 00:05:40.060 --> 00:05:40.990 I need to 65 00:05:41.800 --> 00:05:43.029 not quite there yet 66 00:05:44.100 --> 00:05:50.279 with us. So, as I said, in terms of the fit into community. 67 00:05:50.840 --> 00:05:53.779 we we take as and at the outset 68 00:05:54.100 --> 00:05:57.560 into this topic. which is about 69 00:05:58.250 --> 00:06:01.829 the problem of post-consumer 70 00:06:02.260 --> 00:06:04.559 was in 71 00:06:05.320 --> 00:06:09.499 in the developments of a 72 00:06:09.710 --> 00:06:14.729 which is a global problem, anyway. Where there's apartments there is some. 73 00:06:15.510 --> 00:06:16.899 Generally, I would say, I love 74 00:06:16.930 --> 00:06:27.489 level of recycling and recovery of post consumer waste, and there is in the equivalent of detached or lower density to any stock. 75 00:06:28.240 --> 00:06:30.530 So it's kind of identified 76 00:06:30.550 --> 00:06:39.919 internationally. It's a problem in a Westernized society. The So the background to this study is is. 77 00:06:40.010 --> 00:06:44.110 we're going into a comments. What's happening 78 00:06:45.120 --> 00:06:47.430 from the perspective of the household? 79 00:06:48.460 --> 00:06:52.040 We recognize from the outset, and there is a link into the same here 80 00:06:52.190 --> 00:07:02.179 that this is not individual behavior. that we're talking about these these practices of of waste management 81 00:07:02.210 --> 00:07:03.940 and discard. I'm 82 00:07:04.010 --> 00:07:05.380 of course. 83 00:07:05.800 --> 00:07:10.649 socially contextualized, in fact, so so spatially or 84 00:07:10.890 --> 00:07:12.350 and temporarily 85 00:07:12.450 --> 00:07:24.760 contingent. And hence the kind of social practices frame that I'll talk about more in a moment is, I think useful 86 00:07:25.250 --> 00:07:26.729 a kind of collective 87 00:07:26.820 --> 00:07:32.669 interests. This is not something about finger wagging to 88 00:07:32.950 --> 00:07:33.679 to behave 89 00:07:36.190 --> 00:07:41.259 itself, and it's not a matter of people who live in a apartment myself, being one of those until very recently. 90 00:07:41.530 --> 00:07:46.730 being somehow badly behaved or ignorant. or stupid. 91 00:07:46.860 --> 00:07:53.240 it's a little bit more common. and definitely, there is a kind of community special. 92 00:07:53.530 --> 00:07:57.399 a dimension to this. So 93 00:07:58.350 --> 00:08:00.420 having mentioned that 94 00:08:01.150 --> 00:08:06.549 most unit parts or apartments are a key 95 00:08:06.720 --> 00:08:11.999 material part of it at least associated with this problem. But on our own. 96 00:08:12.140 --> 00:08:15.569 I would say that the policy environment is dominated 97 00:08:15.590 --> 00:08:24.510 by these kinds of end, of part diversion, logics and the recycling infrastructure, or the waste management infrastructure 98 00:08:24.680 --> 00:08:26.230 is designed 99 00:08:26.370 --> 00:08:34.580 around low density, at least in Melbourne, where this works being undertaken to local. 100 00:08:34.630 --> 00:08:35.660 it's been designed 101 00:08:35.860 --> 00:08:36.860 low. Dx, T. 102 00:08:37.030 --> 00:08:38.280 Curbside. 103 00:08:39.190 --> 00:08:43.749 Of course, partners don't have curb size, generally speaking. So that's a problem for the beginning. 104 00:08:45.100 --> 00:08:47.359 which kind of comes to. 105 00:08:50.230 --> 00:08:51.390 And 106 00:08:51.480 --> 00:09:03.159 of course, there's more flowing through apartments. So the problem gets bigger and literally. materially. And as apartments get smaller. 107 00:09:03.280 --> 00:09:05.110 the problem proportionally 108 00:09:05.200 --> 00:09:07.509 gets bigger from a point of view of it. 109 00:09:07.640 --> 00:09:10.739 physical process of actually managing space. And 110 00:09:11.870 --> 00:09:28.060 so we have published some work on this. I've had a long-running high-rise research project. It wasn't really about waste, but waste almost literally hit us in the face. As soon as we started going inside apartments we stumbled over it in the corridor. 111 00:09:28.380 --> 00:09:31.449 And so we have recently published work. 112 00:09:31.890 --> 00:09:34.239 including this paper here. 113 00:09:34.340 --> 00:09:36.049 on a high-rise plastic. 114 00:09:36.930 --> 00:09:48.850 which gives you a bit of an indication where we're coming from where our starting point is Facebook. And so and this is a pilot study. And we're now just designing a larger scale study that we're going to be doing over the next couple of years. 115 00:09:49.840 --> 00:09:53.570 Here we are thinking about time 116 00:09:53.820 --> 00:09:59.540 and the juxtaposition or practice to try to understand a bit more 117 00:09:59.550 --> 00:10:03.390 about the kind of not just the verticality, the density. 118 00:10:03.400 --> 00:10:13.060 the transients, in many cases of practices, but the way in which things are organised chronologically. 119 00:10:15.340 --> 00:10:19.669 that's the kind of angle. So we've been reading Stanley Blues work 120 00:10:20.630 --> 00:10:24.599 on this with an analysis work 121 00:10:25.330 --> 00:10:28.080 to link it up with practice steering. This is something 122 00:10:28.660 --> 00:10:34.400 flu. He's been doing. And he really talks about the institutionalization of why 123 00:10:35.990 --> 00:10:38.550 and and somebody found it really useful in 124 00:10:38.690 --> 00:10:40.070 and so far it's kind of 125 00:10:40.470 --> 00:10:44.130 helping spur us on and and and this track 126 00:10:45.920 --> 00:10:54.760 I've got too much stuff on the slides to talk to, and I'm very happy to share the slides or follow up with anyone. 127 00:10:55.190 --> 00:11:00.350 It's and I'm giving you sort of snippets or examples of some of 128 00:11:01.140 --> 00:11:09.269 draw in to our thinking of this state being, as I said, rather than So we're seeing apartments is the center 129 00:11:09.420 --> 00:11:12.729 but obviously entangled 130 00:11:12.920 --> 00:11:15.809 with those infrastructure that I've alluded to those 131 00:11:16.400 --> 00:11:17.650 splinted 132 00:11:17.750 --> 00:11:29.020 in the kind of 11 since. they are in largely private ownership. So waste management is generally a local authority 133 00:11:29.330 --> 00:11:36.239 responsibility both here and and you know the jurisdictions we've been looking at. but as soon as you get to a commons. 134 00:11:36.540 --> 00:11:46.580 when the when the bin is not on the curbside, the council walks away from it. and so you have private contractors going into these apartments and collecting waste. 135 00:11:46.620 --> 00:11:51.369 and when they do that they are commissioned of so often by body corporates or 136 00:11:51.510 --> 00:12:01.850 organization. Intermediate organizations that look after the common space and the common services of those apartments. You have further complications in a way in which that's 137 00:12:02.660 --> 00:12:11.819 there is no standard format, no standard layout, no standard practice, no standard signage, no standard of anything, really. 138 00:12:11.940 --> 00:12:14.220 And we've got photographs of 139 00:12:14.510 --> 00:12:25.080 of even in modern a palmers. I have 2 shoes, one for combing or recycling, one for waste, where there's one bin bridging both shoes at the bottom. 140 00:12:25.300 --> 00:12:31.550 and this is kind of plain for anybody to see who actually goes down there and have a look where the glass 141 00:12:31.600 --> 00:12:34.329 I often split it. 142 00:12:34.590 --> 00:12:43.459 so no, there! There are questions to be asked about about the motives, motivations, and the kind of and and and the various 143 00:12:43.830 --> 00:12:47.729 of this infrastructure that I'm talking about, which is both the soft 144 00:12:47.850 --> 00:12:50.410 and hot material. 145 00:12:51.480 --> 00:12:52.140 Yeah. 146 00:12:53.030 --> 00:12:54.140 so 147 00:12:55.420 --> 00:12:57.109 the thing about this is that it 148 00:12:57.350 --> 00:13:04.719 very dynamic from the point of view, right? What you saw is, we know that anybody is what a 149 00:13:05.290 --> 00:13:14.509 context is. It is a very rapid and moving context has been since 2,017, when there was an effective ban on the export of post-consumer 150 00:13:15.390 --> 00:13:20.859 and and things have got even more messy 151 00:13:21.110 --> 00:13:24.380 months since then a commonwealth, state and local government 152 00:13:25.790 --> 00:13:27.999 to try to deliver a waste of money. 153 00:13:28.430 --> 00:13:29.460 how to do it, and 154 00:13:30.940 --> 00:13:33.400 falling over themselves in the process. 155 00:13:34.570 --> 00:13:36.890 As I'm really saying. 156 00:13:38.080 --> 00:13:41.700 no 2 apartments have the same arrangements. 157 00:13:42.000 --> 00:13:45.980 and this this institution of a common ways temporarily 158 00:13:46.010 --> 00:13:47.100 I'm situated 159 00:13:47.710 --> 00:13:50.150 is actually rather 160 00:13:50.780 --> 00:13:51.669 complex to that again. 161 00:13:54.040 --> 00:13:57.350 So what we've done is we took chances to figure out 162 00:13:58.740 --> 00:14:06.560 what materials get separated? How the separation, where and when it happens? Who's involved? How is it regulated? 163 00:14:06.730 --> 00:14:07.839 I'm more placed? 164 00:14:09.640 --> 00:14:10.880 Is it a part of 165 00:14:12.480 --> 00:14:17.859 our attempt to 2 questions on a social. 166 00:14:18.180 --> 00:14:19.420 just co-shaping. 167 00:14:19.450 --> 00:14:31.230 how the practices become either entrenched chronologically into the everyday. how they become institutionalized as bundles of practices. 168 00:14:31.390 --> 00:14:39.060 or how they may not, they might get challenged, and the brittleness and fragility of those systems, and how they 169 00:14:39.590 --> 00:14:40.290 on this. 170 00:14:40.740 --> 00:14:43.800 to put in the wrong spot 171 00:14:45.080 --> 00:14:57.889 in the in the kind of priority list of things to do. Yeah. all right. Now, I still assigned question of this is the kind of inequalities dimension. And we are looking at 172 00:15:00.220 --> 00:15:06.800 the gambling burden of this practically moving waste. Landscape, if you like. 173 00:15:07.110 --> 00:15:09.460 is falling unequally. 174 00:15:09.730 --> 00:15:14.360 on households that are in marginal forms of housing. 175 00:15:14.390 --> 00:15:16.180 perhaps under serviced 176 00:15:17.370 --> 00:15:18.510 place, engaged. 177 00:15:20.010 --> 00:15:21.270 Perhaps. 178 00:15:21.620 --> 00:15:23.120 they also have 179 00:15:23.140 --> 00:15:28.440 longer 180 00:15:28.680 --> 00:15:35.310 is a very source to engage in a dominant set of 181 00:15:35.450 --> 00:15:38.260 expectations around 182 00:15:38.390 --> 00:15:41.279 moving along with this this shifting waste regime. 183 00:15:43.810 --> 00:15:44.750 And 184 00:15:46.070 --> 00:15:48.359 so, as I said, this previous work that we've done 185 00:15:48.880 --> 00:15:49.960 was based on 186 00:15:51.010 --> 00:15:56.880 on a much scale study that we took over a number of years. London, Barcelona. 187 00:15:56.960 --> 00:15:58.179 This work 188 00:15:58.220 --> 00:16:00.829 we're going to draw a little bit on London and 189 00:16:01.150 --> 00:16:09.489 and Melbourne. We did so we kind of re-analyzing back over that work at this stage. 190 00:16:11.020 --> 00:16:18.160 and we have a range of households demographically and in terms of the the sort of design and context of the apartments. 191 00:16:18.440 --> 00:16:21.739 so the kind of tremendous of what? My. 192 00:16:23.630 --> 00:16:34.269 so we've looked at the course of the waste regimes in broad terms. In each of these. I'd better not talk to these, because I'm conscious, for I started later on chewing up the time. 193 00:16:35.650 --> 00:16:36.320 And. 194 00:16:36.880 --> 00:16:45.019 needless to say, these are the kind of physical, material environments within which these daily practices are to 195 00:16:46.370 --> 00:16:47.240 and 196 00:16:48.060 --> 00:16:51.090 Internet. Really, at this stage. 197 00:16:52.800 --> 00:16:58.279 we are starting to think about. You know 198 00:17:00.020 --> 00:17:02.480 what patterns are unfolding in these 2, 199 00:17:04.890 --> 00:17:08.730 most going to say, most of our focus so far has been 200 00:17:08.880 --> 00:17:17.750 on mountain. But we're finding, as we're working on this, that having having the London data, there is quite useful. 201 00:17:17.890 --> 00:17:27.650 Not really. I wouldn't describe this as a comparative study by any means, is a more, a contextual kind of approach that we're trying to take. So it's useful to have this 202 00:17:27.910 --> 00:17:32.610 slightly different but somehow effective privatized. 203 00:17:32.690 --> 00:17:39.610 So contexts in mind as we are findings from the 204 00:17:39.720 --> 00:17:40.500 what is it? 205 00:17:41.570 --> 00:17:44.610 So we're we're really looking at. 206 00:17:44.850 --> 00:17:53.589 these Agrizmias, or what I would say is breakages in these in these temporal practices temporally in both the practices. 207 00:17:54.000 --> 00:18:02.409 So here, just to get this physics, and this is is often a case of people's day in practice of taking rubbish out when they go out to do 208 00:18:02.940 --> 00:18:08.060 the dog go to work, etc., etc. So I 209 00:18:09.490 --> 00:18:13.430 they don't go out my day. What happens to the waste. 210 00:18:14.300 --> 00:18:22.480 So making a special trip or not? Or does it pile up? Or how does that work? So these are the kind of things that we're trying to dig into. 211 00:18:22.720 --> 00:18:24.849 to try and uncover, like 212 00:18:25.110 --> 00:18:26.390 the boundaries of 213 00:18:26.470 --> 00:18:33.559 otherwise practice, and a rhythmic or crises, if you like temporal crises that I'm far. 214 00:18:34.060 --> 00:18:38.060 That's when stuff gets put in the wrong bin because it has to. 215 00:18:38.380 --> 00:18:44.529 because really you can't keep up the practice of sorting, recycling, and 216 00:18:44.900 --> 00:18:46.580 I make it require. 217 00:18:48.020 --> 00:18:50.640 And they just say that Covid has set up. 218 00:18:51.400 --> 00:18:57.919 And I'm following the kind of range of these crises because it's introduced more material 219 00:18:58.150 --> 00:19:03.159 and introduce different types of affordances is around post-consumer waste 220 00:19:03.730 --> 00:19:09.460 And now often, it's actually quite difficult 221 00:19:09.770 --> 00:19:10.460 to that. 222 00:19:10.880 --> 00:19:11.859 or to figure out. 223 00:19:12.170 --> 00:19:14.020 And I want them. 224 00:19:14.090 --> 00:19:19.719 The flexibility of the zones of flexibility 225 00:19:20.740 --> 00:19:25.850 these practices can survive without without coming into crisis. 226 00:19:27.300 --> 00:19:35.199 In Melbourne. As I say, we've done the largest sort of 227 00:19:35.710 --> 00:19:36.970 it's the larger case. 228 00:19:37.970 --> 00:19:43.740 It seems that single use. Plastic bags 229 00:19:44.060 --> 00:19:46.590 are quite important mediators. 230 00:19:47.010 --> 00:19:50.079 Now, of course. there is a 231 00:19:50.710 --> 00:19:52.969 there's an unfolding. 232 00:19:54.560 --> 00:19:56.379 so nobody seems to 233 00:19:56.410 --> 00:19:58.669 have thought about the critical role 234 00:19:59.050 --> 00:20:00.419 flights in a 235 00:20:01.660 --> 00:20:03.390 and 236 00:20:04.500 --> 00:20:05.619 and said me something. 237 00:20:05.640 --> 00:20:08.380 We found people who were trying to. 238 00:20:08.710 --> 00:20:09.899 I for wait 239 00:20:10.050 --> 00:20:17.980 towards in use bags. What kind of crises are with me. I was set up 240 00:20:18.010 --> 00:20:19.390 in that process. 241 00:20:20.230 --> 00:20:27.009 so yeah, I've talked a bit about place. I won't. I'll keep moving. I need to get some findings. 242 00:20:27.690 --> 00:20:40.370 so yeah. need to say that we through this sort of segmentation of what we see. the kind of the elements that come together. 243 00:20:40.890 --> 00:20:45.739 yeah, in in, in the, in 244 00:20:46.260 --> 00:20:47.800 twice practice. 245 00:20:51.170 --> 00:20:58.559 We're finding that the waste itself is quite agent. It it it has agency. it has somatic properties, you know, it smells 246 00:20:58.960 --> 00:21:06.249 if you leave it. Maybe I'm pointing out the obvious here. But this is not detective in policy frontal management. 247 00:21:06.570 --> 00:21:09.670 and it actually makes a difference to these rhythmic 248 00:21:09.740 --> 00:21:15.709 prices of Pr. You know, there are many people who are educated 249 00:21:16.670 --> 00:21:18.830 tolerate, for example, the food waste 250 00:21:18.890 --> 00:21:22.599 lying around in an apartment, and there's no 251 00:21:24.860 --> 00:21:30.450 I'm going to go back in that way. There's kind of some space at least to get 252 00:21:30.960 --> 00:21:35.230 it's to get into it significant. 253 00:21:35.930 --> 00:21:41.319 So this institutionalization he's he's he's very, very different to 254 00:21:41.600 --> 00:21:51.150 in apartments involved in a different way. And yet it meets with. In a sense, there is there is one step, there is one. 255 00:21:52.480 --> 00:21:55.360 There is one framework 256 00:21:55.990 --> 00:21:57.899 immediately traumatized 257 00:21:58.170 --> 00:22:02.780 it it seems to be not suitable for 258 00:22:02.850 --> 00:22:04.060 to 259 00:22:05.590 --> 00:22:08.380 not sick on the day, for 260 00:22:10.460 --> 00:22:16.840 at least partly as a result of that, these crises of routines and these rhythmic and 261 00:22:18.680 --> 00:22:22.659 challenges to waste practices. 262 00:22:24.790 --> 00:22:25.779 So I think I'm on 263 00:22:27.810 --> 00:22:32.799 them conscious of time and thank you for listening 264 00:22:43.610 --> 00:22:44.960 me to 265 00:22:46.340 --> 00:22:50.710 field questions for a couple of minutes. Yeah, yeah, I'll go ahead. 266 00:22:51.810 --> 00:22:55.879 Yeah. I know, my son. 267 00:22:58.990 --> 00:23:02.079 I think it's a to be Rud. So next. 268 00:23:05.060 --> 00:23:06.950 yes, sir. 269 00:23:06.980 --> 00:23:12.159 just see if there's any questions from anyone, and if not. will set you up anyway. 270 00:23:12.570 --> 00:23:15.619 Does any? Does anyone want to ask any questions or 271 00:23:15.810 --> 00:23:17.700 happy for us to just carry on with the next speaker. 272 00:23:18.650 --> 00:23:19.570 clemente j navarro: Okay. 273 00:23:21.280 --> 00:23:22.490 clemente j navarro: no questions. 274 00:23:22.920 --> 00:23:24.660 Can you hear us? Okay, online? 275 00:23:25.740 --> 00:23:26.620 clemente j navarro: Yeah. 276 00:23:26.790 --> 00:23:27.820 clemente j navarro: Yes. 277 00:23:28.880 --> 00:23:32.909 clemente j navarro: No question, no question. I mean some, no question here. 278 00:23:35.230 --> 00:23:36.320 Sure. Okay. 279 00:23:36.920 --> 00:23:37.940 clemente j navarro: Okay. 280 00:23:39.690 --> 00:23:41.439 Okay. Next up. Thank you. 281 00:23:49.830 --> 00:23:50.490 Is that 282 00:23:51.140 --> 00:23:52.220 clemente j navarro: stove 283 00:23:54.510 --> 00:23:55.430 clemente j navarro: perfect 284 00:24:21.860 --> 00:24:25.210 plus a change to everyone. I would like 285 00:24:25.500 --> 00:24:27.820 the organization race. 286 00:24:28.470 --> 00:24:31.130 allow me to present my wish. 287 00:24:31.980 --> 00:24:41.100 Thank you for this opportunity. I would like to begin in the traditional of the land in which everything today 288 00:24:41.610 --> 00:24:43.970 the 289 00:24:44.720 --> 00:24:45.680 that there 290 00:24:45.830 --> 00:24:48.340 published asked a person. 291 00:24:49.570 --> 00:24:53.060 My name is from Chelsea. I am, together with my for researcher 292 00:24:53.770 --> 00:25:07.469 from at the University. In my I needs. Our paper focuses on the resilient capacity of 2 known as in the In the 293 00:25:09.550 --> 00:25:15.420 written out for the beans and highlighted specifically on the route of social capital 294 00:25:16.150 --> 00:25:22.760 risk. The operative of this study is existed. For 14 years and 60 years 295 00:25:30.140 --> 00:25:47.949 our communities, worldwide, have been experiencing an increasing number of human made and natural disasters in 2,020, for instance, COVID-19 pandemic impacted on a global scale its claims over millions of lives followed by an economic crisis that caused people's livelihood 296 00:25:48.420 --> 00:25:54.159 as disasters, or more frequently. evil turned organizations to this file. 297 00:25:54.440 --> 00:26:01.669 as such organizations, like for operatives, try their best to survive them in economic and social problems. 298 00:26:01.680 --> 00:26:04.679 assess their members and community 299 00:26:05.290 --> 00:26:08.950 operatives are known to quickly respond to disasters 300 00:26:09.010 --> 00:26:14.860 because they are community-based organizations. Although the concept of resiliency 301 00:26:15.110 --> 00:26:26.910 of organizations has gained popularity as an adoptive capacity to survive in prices and challenges. Some researchers are viewed that the term remains vague and abstract. 302 00:26:27.580 --> 00:26:33.040 This study aimed to contribute to a better understanding of resiliency among operatives 303 00:26:33.110 --> 00:26:36.390 by looking into their organizational structure. 304 00:26:36.920 --> 00:26:38.380 And the 305 00:26:38.760 --> 00:26:43.030 as to how these factors result in an organization like a certainty. 306 00:26:43.320 --> 00:26:46.120 Nevertheless, the study would like to contribute 307 00:26:46.180 --> 00:26:56.560 historical investigations of resilient capacity of organizations specifically more cooperative, since investigations on this field are very 308 00:27:03.120 --> 00:27:07.849 so again, and but for understanding of the variables that we study here the 309 00:27:09.380 --> 00:27:21.440 revolver, and there's operatives to find us. It's just an association of a person's been a common, I mean to rest, but voluntarily joined together to achieve a 310 00:27:22.090 --> 00:27:27.629 economic and making contributions to the capital. 311 00:27:27.960 --> 00:27:30.379 accepting of their share of rest, and many 312 00:27:31.920 --> 00:27:35.430 Halloween University accepted random principles. 313 00:27:35.520 --> 00:27:42.530 In the Philippines cooperatives are recognized as the Government's partner in its social and economic agenda. 314 00:27:43.190 --> 00:27:48.230 Our Constitutional Residency is defined as the organization's ability to respond 315 00:27:48.490 --> 00:27:51.319 and mitigate prices in 316 00:27:52.130 --> 00:27:53.990 now the understanding 317 00:27:54.080 --> 00:28:09.650 resiliency in social. 318 00:28:10.210 --> 00:28:16.069 strong networks that rely on trust tend to be more involved in organizational activities. 319 00:28:16.190 --> 00:28:17.860 To look like 320 00:28:18.280 --> 00:28:24.769 our social capital refers to the numbers. If we dress norms and reciprocity towards the 321 00:28:26.100 --> 00:28:37.990 We're offering this paper. Resilient capacity refers to the ability of the organization. It's over now, child, and just and problems were developing policy in the process. 322 00:28:39.970 --> 00:28:49.300 The main objective of this study is to contribute to the resiliency of 2 types of cooperatives specifically on the own social capital. 323 00:28:49.620 --> 00:28:50.380 Oh. 324 00:28:50.760 --> 00:28:59.600 first treats the history of the corporate gifts to better understand how they organize their decisions and 325 00:28:59.700 --> 00:29:02.229 how social capital in you. 326 00:29:02.490 --> 00:29:07.470 and that is to determine the differences in cooperative, organizational. 327 00:29:07.750 --> 00:29:08.470 just. 328 00:29:08.830 --> 00:29:12.770 and then, maybe to the level of the member social capital. 329 00:29:13.270 --> 00:29:14.770 And finally. 330 00:29:15.070 --> 00:29:20.970 I examine how organizational structure and memory social capital contribute 331 00:29:20.990 --> 00:29:23.129 to organization of resiliency. 332 00:29:24.180 --> 00:29:26.340 So they have one. This is of the study 333 00:29:27.270 --> 00:29:31.779 and try to look into. If there is no significant difference of the level. 334 00:29:32.270 --> 00:29:35.800 A publicly closed and open type corporate. 335 00:29:36.640 --> 00:29:41.049 Just for once there is a process of t that breaks in collective action and 336 00:29:41.520 --> 00:29:44.030 information part 337 00:29:45.900 --> 00:29:53.010 now to determine what and how the factors contribute to the resilience of cooperative. The valuing variables are considered. 338 00:29:53.300 --> 00:30:05.159 and the independent variables consists of the and the numerous social capital. The extremist variable represents type of of the type into 339 00:30:05.770 --> 00:30:08.329 as represented by the 340 00:30:09.480 --> 00:30:12.670 and variable stands as the resiliency of the organization. 341 00:30:13.310 --> 00:30:21.079 Independent variables are provided by broken line, which represents to a level analysis that is, the organizational 342 00:30:21.220 --> 00:30:24.109 and the members, social and public. 343 00:30:24.380 --> 00:30:25.950 The the. 344 00:30:26.380 --> 00:30:31.230 you see, a qualitative method. Well for the members of the social 345 00:30:31.970 --> 00:30:32.799 what they do 346 00:30:34.790 --> 00:30:38.349 to determine. If these factors result in organizational resiliency. 347 00:30:38.570 --> 00:30:42.009 The variables encourage the walks to represent their organization 348 00:30:42.100 --> 00:30:46.320 as conceived in Parsons and Giles team. Radial skin. 349 00:30:48.320 --> 00:30:50.800 As for the cooperatives of this. 350 00:30:51.350 --> 00:30:57.059 the first cooperative is them as my in and council, multi-purpose, concrete there. 351 00:30:57.170 --> 00:30:59.439 This type of operator is close. 352 00:30:59.500 --> 00:31:01.439 it is in your base. 353 00:31:01.760 --> 00:31:04.160 where, if the members are the household 354 00:31:04.470 --> 00:31:09.090 ahead. It was organized in 1965 by 31 former. 355 00:31:09.130 --> 00:31:20.740 You're in your panel and there are only 154 members. The second cooperative is the open type of for the tips where anybody can be a member. 356 00:31:20.930 --> 00:31:27.879 It's a golden field. Some online, multi-purpose cooperative, and the members are farmers and my farmers. 357 00:31:27.950 --> 00:31:35.840 So this this through my government project. It was first organized as Salaham Lion 358 00:31:36.350 --> 00:31:39.090 I the Memorial year only 3. 359 00:31:39.270 --> 00:31:40.049 Of course. 360 00:31:40.279 --> 00:31:50.229 this organization. So for the research you call this study 2 supposedly chosen cooperatives in the 361 00:31:50.819 --> 00:31:52.770 to 362 00:31:52.870 --> 00:31:58.660 and only operators that exist in the longest for the in the 16,000 years. 363 00:31:58.859 --> 00:32:00.479 as you can see in the map 364 00:32:02.220 --> 00:32:14.519 in 1,951 Kalila, and one of the municipality of 365 00:32:15.109 --> 00:32:15.920 my nature. 366 00:32:16.310 --> 00:32:19.279 It's a migration from Brazil to 367 00:32:19.580 --> 00:32:20.719 in the now 368 00:32:22.359 --> 00:32:27.480 it is a National Government agency for mostly organized to administer the land 369 00:32:27.510 --> 00:32:30.379 distribution, all settlers coming from the zone. 370 00:32:30.890 --> 00:32:32.350 and this I 371 00:32:35.580 --> 00:32:45.550 for the research methodology. I guess a study utilized the concurrent mixed method of. and that's to explore the factors of 372 00:32:45.670 --> 00:32:57.980 from the member's contribution and its structure of the organization. So the reason for combining both quantitative and qualitative data is to exhaust possible factors of the saliency 373 00:32:57.990 --> 00:32:59.680 by confronting both 374 00:33:00.189 --> 00:33:01.870 and qualitative 375 00:33:04.750 --> 00:33:14.270 where so it was constructed using proxy. and then shot an indicators because I didn't define my and adopted this many. 376 00:33:14.340 --> 00:33:16.379 So shell side. Would you fly for this day. 377 00:33:16.550 --> 00:33:30.779 one offering in particular, of drafts, norms, and reciprocity were adopted from this. By the way, they have a fully my friends study as the memory that's supposed to go in the index, maybe considered relatively poor in social. 378 00:33:31.480 --> 00:33:33.090 And that's why 379 00:33:33.410 --> 00:33:37.990 this would mean that if most of the respondents have a high level of social. 380 00:33:38.610 --> 00:33:43.250 It proved that the Soviet organization of rights members in high social capital. 381 00:33:43.450 --> 00:33:49.560 since the study was what they did and what it did about protest. 2 modes of analysis were considered 382 00:33:49.750 --> 00:33:53.550 in terms of identifying the resilient practice with the organization 383 00:33:53.700 --> 00:33:57.830 through the problems encounter and identifying the capacity to respond 384 00:33:57.870 --> 00:34:07.960 cold, mitigate crisis of challenges. Now a ten-year systematic analysis of schemes as a time referenced by this 385 00:34:08.740 --> 00:34:10.620 on the 386 00:34:11.880 --> 00:34:20.629 both operatives for a community base as they were organized in a community. Rememberous needs were met through collective options. 387 00:34:20.670 --> 00:34:46.350 Their history as organizations further reveals their experiences with trials and problems over prices and disasters. Although ethnic identity drives the close operative collective sense of identity, the open time cooperative remains in that fuss because they share a collective identity with the members during their shared experience of high and loss in their organization. 388 00:34:46.880 --> 00:34:53.689 So during the face of a global change from association, because they expected, first, as people's organization 389 00:34:54.080 --> 00:35:12.050 more formalized, operating both the leaders and the members, and this process was recognized in the study of Kanan and Meowski. They further asserted that in community organizing the people involved are improving their 390 00:35:12.410 --> 00:35:15.079 quality of life by working together. 391 00:35:15.870 --> 00:35:27.609 notably. Both cooperatives have dedicated competent, hardworking, and dynamic leaders who could be an integrated factor for the organization to thrive. 392 00:35:27.920 --> 00:35:30.339 As for network applications. 393 00:35:30.730 --> 00:35:47.250 the cooperatives had a weak network with other net cooperatives, but received strong networks or support from the local government. In fact, the open received grants like agricultural machineries, trainings, and livelihood projects from the local government. 394 00:35:48.720 --> 00:36:08.790 So in terms of members, level of social capital. Both cooperatives have members with high social capital from all dimensions, which is evident for a resilient organization, namely, trust norms and reciprocity networks and collective actions and information and empowerment. 395 00:36:09.000 --> 00:36:16.940 Interestingly, the result of the T test reveals a significant difference among operatives in 2 dimensions. 396 00:36:17.030 --> 00:36:34.450 These include trust norms and reciprocity and networks and collective actions. The significant difference in the level of social capital among by any and council cooperative members may have been influenced by these social demographic factors. 397 00:36:34.570 --> 00:36:51.710 The social demographic profile reveals that the close cooperative has a homogeneous ethnic population compared to the open-type cooperative. Moreover, this finding of corroborates in the study of Hattak, and woke up whereby trust exists 398 00:36:51.890 --> 00:36:54.540 in groups where people are homogeneous 399 00:36:54.580 --> 00:37:01.680 who share the same concerns and goals are more relational rather than psychological or political. 400 00:37:01.890 --> 00:37:11.229 Thus, among members of the close cooperative trust in the organization was founded by both funding and bridging social capital. 401 00:37:11.950 --> 00:37:32.900 so combination of this this contributed to the resiliency of the organization. So among the 3 dimensions only information and empowerment showed no significant difference. This means that both cooperatives have high social capital in terms of empowerment and information. 402 00:37:32.900 --> 00:37:50.049 So it also affirms that resilient cooperatives have highly empowered and informed members. Apart from the benefits they receive as members, their cooperatives. Participation encourages empowerment as they learn and benefit from their membership. Membership. 403 00:37:55.720 --> 00:38:09.620 Okay, so this study has explored the factors of resiliency of the Cooperatives, organizational structure and a certain member of social capital, both cooperative started as an association, a people's organization. 404 00:38:09.620 --> 00:38:33.450 and the gradual change from an association to a cooperative involves managing prices and challenges. Thus the long years of experience had contributed to its evolving capacity to cope with crisis and challenges. Thus these organizations possess resilient characteristics because they were able to sustain the organization for an extended period of time. 405 00:38:33.480 --> 00:38:42.170 The long years of responding successfully with crisis and problems have allowed the cooperatives accumulated resilient capacity over time. 406 00:38:42.330 --> 00:38:54.650 So the factors of resiliency found on cooperatives include adoptive policy. They have strong leadership, strong local networks, and cooperative as site of innovation. 407 00:38:54.700 --> 00:39:05.660 Moreover, the cooperative system of being open or closed had contributed to the resilient capacity of the organizations and in cultivating social capital. 408 00:39:06.290 --> 00:39:35.420 Now, upon examination and the members of the capital, the Biennial council, or the close cooperative, has significantly high social capital compared to golden fields or the the open type cooperative. A significant high social capital had contributed to the close cooperative as more resilient than the open cooperative. Thus higher level of social capital of the members would result in vector resiliency of the organization. 409 00:39:35.630 --> 00:39:47.900 The resiliency factors among cooperatives include immediate response to problems, threats and adaptive capacity for innovation and institutionalizing policies to anticipate 410 00:39:47.930 --> 00:39:49.739 crisis and his hostage 411 00:39:49.840 --> 00:39:56.550 rush. The highly determines that operative's organization. 412 00:39:58.090 --> 00:40:01.320 My presentation is here. And then thank you for this. 413 00:40:11.800 --> 00:40:13.330 clemente j navarro: Okay, thank you. 414 00:40:17.230 --> 00:40:21.500 clemente j navarro: Yeah. In in soon. There are no question 415 00:40:30.610 --> 00:40:31.620 clemente j navarro: right now. 416 00:40:41.980 --> 00:40:42.700 You 417 00:40:43.950 --> 00:40:44.670 teaching 418 00:40:46.110 --> 00:40:47.030 this? 419 00:40:49.340 --> 00:40:52.670 Yes. in the 420 00:40:54.970 --> 00:40:56.120 was 421 00:40:57.770 --> 00:41:00.250 I 422 00:41:01.820 --> 00:41:04.459 in the. 423 00:41:05.790 --> 00:41:07.880 and 424 00:41:07.930 --> 00:41:08.970 is 425 00:41:09.130 --> 00:41:10.910 similar to the 426 00:41:11.350 --> 00:41:12.440 singing one 427 00:41:12.620 --> 00:41:15.070 as we combine 428 00:41:19.710 --> 00:41:21.360 the and 429 00:41:22.800 --> 00:41:25.400 she is in the so far as we look 430 00:41:25.770 --> 00:41:27.170 and to 431 00:41:28.220 --> 00:41:30.310 oh. is 432 00:41:32.720 --> 00:41:35.170 correct. Christian is. 433 00:41:36.620 --> 00:41:39.469 what are the 434 00:41:39.720 --> 00:41:45.160 and local societies on this 2, using concept 435 00:41:46.450 --> 00:41:49.670 idea of local societies. 436 00:41:50.420 --> 00:41:53.250 mechanisms connecting both 437 00:41:55.730 --> 00:41:57.920 for our concept. 438 00:41:58.580 --> 00:41:59.240 You? 439 00:42:00.170 --> 00:42:05.820 Yes. down in the lost tickets, one can say on social 440 00:42:06.110 --> 00:42:07.070 know 441 00:42:08.480 --> 00:42:09.639 it's a 442 00:42:12.290 --> 00:42:13.120 let's see. 443 00:42:14.270 --> 00:42:15.060 just a 444 00:42:16.100 --> 00:42:18.729 poses. a feeling of 445 00:42:18.740 --> 00:42:20.160 this 446 00:42:20.490 --> 00:42:22.770 and a readiness to act 447 00:42:23.170 --> 00:42:27.360 is a result of this. This. 448 00:42:27.550 --> 00:42:30.989 and it to the look and its improvement 449 00:42:32.420 --> 00:42:33.280 to 450 00:42:36.270 --> 00:42:42.590 of social creation in the last 2 decades 451 00:42:44.300 --> 00:42:46.460 think there is somewhat 452 00:42:46.790 --> 00:42:48.580 census that 453 00:42:48.830 --> 00:42:49.830 there is a subject. 454 00:42:52.720 --> 00:42:53.660 It's also 455 00:42:53.870 --> 00:42:56.080 consensus. This regard 456 00:42:56.190 --> 00:42:57.150 said to 457 00:42:57.290 --> 00:43:01.160 it. Is 458 00:43:04.380 --> 00:43:06.249 this a readiness to? 459 00:43:07.390 --> 00:43:08.849 Was it more difficult. 460 00:43:10.680 --> 00:43:12.880 So we 461 00:43:13.630 --> 00:43:14.410 they do. 462 00:43:14.510 --> 00:43:15.340 which 463 00:43:16.030 --> 00:43:18.060 is using. 464 00:43:18.170 --> 00:43:20.760 This is the. 465 00:43:21.140 --> 00:43:24.930 she says. which seems to us appropriate 466 00:43:26.500 --> 00:43:28.680 societies. So 467 00:43:29.500 --> 00:43:38.070 he has this reference to the collectiveness of such occasion. It's not that maybe the that in collective 0 468 00:43:39.640 --> 00:43:41.390 use the term of 469 00:43:42.550 --> 00:43:44.570 the 470 00:43:45.690 --> 00:43:48.440 to the because 471 00:43:51.070 --> 00:43:58.800 place where the Chancellor high relevance for social injection more than the National Society. 472 00:44:01.020 --> 00:44:02.540 At the same time 473 00:44:03.050 --> 00:44:07.660 some kind of it is not just related to 474 00:44:09.210 --> 00:44:12.860 that could be used system of liberal society. 475 00:44:15.110 --> 00:44:15.970 Oh. 476 00:44:17.090 --> 00:44:18.289 what did you? 477 00:44:20.680 --> 00:44:24.299 And which is a 478 00:44:24.860 --> 00:44:28.649 data set up to 2,021. We did 479 00:44:29.490 --> 00:44:30.350 here 480 00:44:31.710 --> 00:44:33.520 just the 481 00:44:34.180 --> 00:44:38.310 12 municipalities in Germany, representing 482 00:44:39.270 --> 00:44:44.029 and institutional traditions there 483 00:44:44.270 --> 00:44:47.750 to be used the size of 484 00:44:48.100 --> 00:44:49.160 to 485 00:44:49.650 --> 00:44:52.219 municipalities get an impression 486 00:44:52.300 --> 00:44:55.639 on the different dynamics there with 487 00:44:55.980 --> 00:44:58.130 to sponsor this year. 488 00:44:59.230 --> 00:45:00.150 This the 489 00:45:00.380 --> 00:45:03.390 here editor, more and more less 490 00:45:03.940 --> 00:45:09.419 us. We use complementary factor analytics to check whether it 491 00:45:10.070 --> 00:45:11.909 and, as you see in the 492 00:45:12.300 --> 00:45:13.080 this. 493 00:45:13.430 --> 00:45:18.920 it has a very good fit. deserve a small instrument just using certain I. 494 00:45:19.220 --> 00:45:23.290 And if you look into the correlations of 495 00:45:24.160 --> 00:45:24.980 see 496 00:45:25.710 --> 00:45:27.360 what interested me from 497 00:45:28.290 --> 00:45:29.510 on the few. 498 00:45:29.990 --> 00:45:30.860 So 499 00:45:31.020 --> 00:45:33.530 the Coronation 500 00:45:34.530 --> 00:45:38.290 collective. it's strong. I'm going 501 00:45:38.550 --> 00:45:39.600 over. 502 00:45:39.990 --> 00:45:41.309 Trust, so 503 00:45:42.530 --> 00:45:44.230 need some trust to 504 00:45:45.120 --> 00:45:48.900 in a collective sense, is immediately 505 00:45:54.130 --> 00:45:56.079 in checking our 506 00:45:56.420 --> 00:45:58.170 municipalities. 507 00:45:58.810 --> 00:45:59.660 Your 508 00:46:00.780 --> 00:46:02.010 and Germany. 509 00:46:03.140 --> 00:46:05.970 This is here when King 510 00:46:06.130 --> 00:46:07.910 and there are 511 00:46:11.480 --> 00:46:14.240 on the. It's 512 00:46:14.590 --> 00:46:16.450 small communities that 513 00:46:16.650 --> 00:46:17.460 is, the 514 00:46:19.300 --> 00:46:25.330 small villages like Will, but yes, and not winds. And you are on top of the lease 515 00:46:26.550 --> 00:46:27.410 title 516 00:46:27.950 --> 00:46:35.510 of these municipalities in Eastern. In this it's called this 517 00:46:37.560 --> 00:46:38.270 the 518 00:46:40.250 --> 00:46:46.820 and if one looks into the that. 519 00:46:47.250 --> 00:46:47.940 so 520 00:46:50.160 --> 00:46:50.840 it's only 521 00:46:52.490 --> 00:46:59.250 analysis on me as a for the city with the lowest. 522 00:47:02.120 --> 00:47:03.020 Some note 523 00:47:03.180 --> 00:47:05.310 I see. It's 524 00:47:07.640 --> 00:47:12.700 you understand, mechanisms we used to. It's different. 525 00:47:13.400 --> 00:47:15.180 Daisy 526 00:47:15.230 --> 00:47:17.529 did some work 527 00:47:18.490 --> 00:47:19.360 and 528 00:47:21.650 --> 00:47:26.509 mentions one side is a personalized for such a. 529 00:47:27.400 --> 00:47:31.030 There is networks and things like that. the 530 00:47:32.040 --> 00:47:33.230 institutional 531 00:47:33.250 --> 00:47:36.370 I but 532 00:47:37.320 --> 00:47:38.450 opposite 533 00:47:40.430 --> 00:47:44.190 to politics and their things there. 534 00:47:46.200 --> 00:47:49.610 His empirical 535 00:47:49.620 --> 00:47:53.180 is this, one is 536 00:47:53.740 --> 00:47:56.629 Near Naples, which 537 00:47:57.540 --> 00:48:01.060 me 538 00:48:01.210 --> 00:48:03.359 in Sicily, which 539 00:48:03.410 --> 00:48:04.700 his 540 00:48:05.160 --> 00:48:11.520 into this 541 00:48:11.640 --> 00:48:13.410 the chest strong. 542 00:48:13.490 --> 00:48:18.150 the professional organizations, and the fourth one is 543 00:48:18.470 --> 00:48:24.510 the Venna and the mamma, which has all 3 of them 544 00:48:24.930 --> 00:48:26.190 developed. 545 00:48:28.430 --> 00:48:31.970 He is very strong on reconstructing 546 00:48:32.550 --> 00:48:33.640 society. 547 00:48:34.660 --> 00:48:37.070 It was. see. 548 00:48:37.680 --> 00:48:40.010 as a wealthy support 549 00:48:40.770 --> 00:48:41.560 this. 550 00:48:44.040 --> 00:48:44.880 for 551 00:48:46.150 --> 00:48:50.340 in the municipality so also dispose 552 00:48:51.020 --> 00:48:52.430 signs both 553 00:48:52.540 --> 00:48:54.719 civil society and 554 00:48:54.870 --> 00:48:58.170 as a local political state elite. 555 00:49:02.130 --> 00:49:02.930 mentioned 556 00:49:04.960 --> 00:49:09.880 as a 557 00:49:10.160 --> 00:49:11.540 all the technique 558 00:49:11.580 --> 00:49:12.960 in your State 559 00:49:13.370 --> 00:49:16.910 in situated East Germany 560 00:49:16.950 --> 00:49:19.140 as common as city. But I could say. 561 00:49:19.610 --> 00:49:21.280 and 562 00:49:22.070 --> 00:49:24.560 Christians 563 00:49:27.100 --> 00:49:30.910 in the 564 00:49:32.440 --> 00:49:33.320 to concentrate 565 00:49:34.240 --> 00:49:35.859 course of 566 00:49:36.040 --> 00:49:36.950 this is 567 00:49:37.680 --> 00:49:40.900 use topic modeling to be concentrated. 568 00:49:41.270 --> 00:49:46.890 The discourse of the speculates in the locality. 569 00:49:48.550 --> 00:49:53.220 It is in this return panel. 570 00:49:54.220 --> 00:49:59.189 But all of these present challenges for the town development of May as well. 571 00:49:59.360 --> 00:50:03.420 The topic modeling shows. 572 00:50:04.330 --> 00:50:05.999 First one was. 573 00:50:06.450 --> 00:50:09.819 they want to 574 00:50:12.400 --> 00:50:13.200 things 575 00:50:14.710 --> 00:50:15.500 second to 576 00:50:16.020 --> 00:50:18.509 important for the citizens was. 577 00:50:18.800 --> 00:50:21.840 and disciples 578 00:50:22.290 --> 00:50:26.940 that one was on heless, and I would say. 579 00:50:27.060 --> 00:50:27.930 not so. 580 00:50:29.750 --> 00:50:31.360 The 581 00:50:31.560 --> 00:50:34.730 are more Pcts 582 00:50:35.180 --> 00:50:39.769 in the city has. I think, one finds 583 00:50:40.030 --> 00:50:42.390 world of it as 584 00:50:45.640 --> 00:50:46.560 set 585 00:50:47.110 --> 00:50:51.939 qualitative analysis, and the topic moment were. 586 00:50:53.580 --> 00:50:56.669 because in the 587 00:50:58.460 --> 00:51:01.610 for the mentioning. 588 00:51:04.130 --> 00:51:07.010 as this is. 589 00:51:07.140 --> 00:51:08.100 code is 590 00:51:08.440 --> 00:51:09.610 local or 591 00:51:10.010 --> 00:51:16.880 there, and to me, as a book. we got a figure that got about it. 592 00:51:17.050 --> 00:51:20.720 It took her to 7 year terms, so quite a long time. 593 00:51:20.860 --> 00:51:24.830 and we thought, that is a good point. You 594 00:51:24.950 --> 00:51:28.069 point 2. Let's check the biggest course 595 00:51:29.270 --> 00:51:33.980 we used 596 00:51:35.310 --> 00:51:36.190 this. 597 00:51:37.250 --> 00:51:38.959 They're finally right 598 00:51:40.490 --> 00:51:41.609 here. It tells you. 599 00:51:42.390 --> 00:51:45.210 and they are more or less 600 00:51:48.560 --> 00:51:50.310 man behind it. Also. 601 00:51:51.080 --> 00:51:51.960 This 602 00:51:52.270 --> 00:51:53.600 in the city. 603 00:51:55.440 --> 00:51:57.219 let yourself be found in 604 00:51:57.340 --> 00:52:00.169 the 2 topic. Moments was 605 00:52:00.280 --> 00:52:01.400 simple. 606 00:52:03.550 --> 00:52:14.930 Of the he calls mentioning the is identical. This so 607 00:52:16.050 --> 00:52:16.790 so 608 00:52:19.150 --> 00:52:21.150 the responsiveness 609 00:52:21.610 --> 00:52:23.220 to citizens 610 00:52:23.710 --> 00:52:24.809 things. It's not very. 611 00:52:26.250 --> 00:52:29.980 It is a first or so. It's a significant problem 612 00:52:30.480 --> 00:52:31.690 to see here. 613 00:52:32.290 --> 00:52:33.080 since there 614 00:52:34.090 --> 00:52:34.910 it is 615 00:52:35.520 --> 00:52:37.600 topics 616 00:52:38.520 --> 00:52:39.500 be constructed. 617 00:52:40.050 --> 00:52:44.350 but sees that there's a highly 618 00:52:48.130 --> 00:52:48.820 to 619 00:52:49.220 --> 00:52:50.070 these are 620 00:52:50.260 --> 00:52:51.460 of his 621 00:52:52.140 --> 00:53:00.629 contrast. Other analysis to a local journalism area result was 622 00:53:01.790 --> 00:53:04.380 harmonious, just 623 00:53:05.240 --> 00:53:08.990 the the 624 00:53:11.200 --> 00:53:13.299 also interesting. She 625 00:53:13.670 --> 00:53:17.009 that we find quite a lot of cause 626 00:53:19.040 --> 00:53:19.830 to. 627 00:53:19.950 --> 00:53:20.760 So 628 00:53:22.000 --> 00:53:22.810 it's not 629 00:53:22.940 --> 00:53:26.110 importance. But within the same party 630 00:53:30.960 --> 00:53:31.930 in the 631 00:53:32.650 --> 00:53:34.390 of on T 632 00:53:34.570 --> 00:53:35.690 conflict. 633 00:53:36.150 --> 00:53:39.990 the deeply of 634 00:53:41.330 --> 00:53:44.259 there, and they're present just one to 635 00:53:46.760 --> 00:53:47.510 this is called 636 00:53:48.910 --> 00:53:50.500 East, and 637 00:53:50.620 --> 00:53:52.679 there is on 638 00:53:53.520 --> 00:53:54.790 for kind of 639 00:53:55.140 --> 00:53:57.060 so 640 00:53:58.440 --> 00:54:03.010 this year. So. Mayor. 641 00:54:05.320 --> 00:54:08.309 a specific of politics. 642 00:54:08.480 --> 00:54:11.930 One thing is he 643 00:54:12.360 --> 00:54:13.350 some more. 644 00:54:16.590 --> 00:54:18.710 He distances himself 645 00:54:20.230 --> 00:54:21.410 as well. 646 00:54:22.150 --> 00:54:24.830 He does this in a self- 647 00:54:24.980 --> 00:54:26.120 effort. 648 00:54:26.650 --> 00:54:29.999 Parents from higher kindergarten. 649 00:54:30.100 --> 00:54:30.990 so 650 00:54:31.250 --> 00:54:33.860 one can say almost 651 00:54:34.560 --> 00:54:36.630 so. sent in to 652 00:54:36.820 --> 00:54:37.600 the the 653 00:54:37.730 --> 00:54:41.299 sees himself, neither bound by 654 00:54:41.720 --> 00:54:44.580 in his few unjust laws. 655 00:54:45.280 --> 00:54:46.540 By the 656 00:54:47.070 --> 00:54:48.669 it's but just this is 657 00:54:48.920 --> 00:54:50.890 champion of the population. 658 00:54:51.650 --> 00:54:52.879 Not speak, for. 659 00:54:54.160 --> 00:54:55.170 say. 660 00:54:55.640 --> 00:54:58.800 that is more or less the function of a 661 00:54:59.420 --> 00:55:01.770 what? My! 662 00:55:02.840 --> 00:55:05.260 But the 663 00:55:05.750 --> 00:55:07.439 of this 664 00:55:07.530 --> 00:55:09.450 conflicts in 665 00:55:09.750 --> 00:55:12.320 the culture things like 666 00:55:12.580 --> 00:55:15.180 the 667 00:55:16.010 --> 00:55:23.719 or conflicts on party contributions, or 668 00:55:24.170 --> 00:55:25.230 it's about 669 00:55:27.460 --> 00:55:30.509 in the district. 670 00:55:30.520 --> 00:55:33.340 These 2 points of distancing 671 00:55:33.360 --> 00:55:36.259 from both the leads and 672 00:55:36.360 --> 00:55:37.930 so 673 00:55:38.430 --> 00:55:42.220 more or less Populist style is found there. 674 00:55:43.270 --> 00:55:44.479 So, to conclude. 675 00:55:45.850 --> 00:55:49.650 of social from local is 676 00:55:50.210 --> 00:56:02.160 find the measurement that social Asian and German local societies over the municipalities. 677 00:56:03.260 --> 00:56:04.200 because 678 00:56:05.150 --> 00:56:05.850 now it 679 00:56:06.070 --> 00:56:09.120 of 680 00:56:09.940 --> 00:56:10.810 so 681 00:56:12.140 --> 00:56:13.220 promoted you. 682 00:56:13.250 --> 00:56:15.950 Analysis of 683 00:56:16.140 --> 00:56:16.840 this is. 684 00:56:20.130 --> 00:56:23.370 I had a tendency to put some 685 00:56:24.530 --> 00:56:28.089 what I mean, so far as there is a look 686 00:56:28.380 --> 00:56:33.280 of responses, and if responsiveness of system 687 00:56:33.510 --> 00:56:41.440 and that puts down of not heard of, don't 688 00:56:41.950 --> 00:56:43.470 you can be 689 00:56:44.110 --> 00:56:45.400 second part 690 00:56:45.820 --> 00:56:46.880 also. 691 00:56:47.360 --> 00:56:48.040 The same 692 00:56:48.410 --> 00:56:52.470 is, if a tendency to other client is the 693 00:56:53.060 --> 00:56:56.439 local needs to find themselves 694 00:56:56.860 --> 00:56:59.570 the law. Sure. 695 00:57:00.250 --> 00:57:05.850 some kind of personal power. You the intermediation? 696 00:57:08.140 --> 00:57:10.300 It's not it, says 697 00:57:10.800 --> 00:57:13.340 the function as an 698 00:57:13.360 --> 00:57:14.980 elite. As a 699 00:57:15.180 --> 00:57:17.240 I truly need to rich 700 00:57:18.310 --> 00:57:19.440 this company 701 00:57:20.060 --> 00:57:22.560 kind of remote. 702 00:57:23.320 --> 00:57:25.779 and this reduces general. 703 00:57:28.620 --> 00:57:30.830 In this case 704 00:57:30.960 --> 00:57:34.319 it's fine to conflicts within the 705 00:57:35.320 --> 00:57:36.290 I. 706 00:57:38.200 --> 00:57:38.950 So 707 00:57:39.220 --> 00:57:41.420 it uses 708 00:57:43.310 --> 00:57:45.480 it is always a different, right. 709 00:57:45.590 --> 00:57:46.500 differentiate 710 00:57:47.130 --> 00:57:48.830 cause. The 711 00:57:49.100 --> 00:57:50.199 this is 712 00:57:51.600 --> 00:58:01.489 society and political elites, and left difficulty more or less, in having just one time point in the panel by 713 00:58:01.770 --> 00:58:03.150 second ones. 714 00:58:03.930 --> 00:58:05.029 It now 715 00:58:06.050 --> 00:58:06.740 simply 716 00:58:06.970 --> 00:58:08.550 makes a point. 717 00:58:09.050 --> 00:58:13.920 The 718 00:58:14.630 --> 00:58:15.340 please 719 00:58:18.220 --> 00:58:19.030 feature 720 00:58:19.430 --> 00:58:20.320 falls 721 00:58:22.580 --> 00:58:24.870 tendencies of enemy 722 00:58:25.130 --> 00:58:25.840 to see 723 00:58:25.970 --> 00:58:28.580 in a local state politics. 724 00:58:28.730 --> 00:58:29.540 The 725 00:58:31.560 --> 00:58:32.450 is a 726 00:58:46.540 --> 00:58:48.780 clemente j navarro: okay. Thank you. Right now. 727 00:58:50.050 --> 00:58:52.929 clemente j navarro: Well, please, there are questions in the room. 728 00:58:57.120 --> 00:58:58.370 clemente j navarro: Can you hear me? 729 00:58:58.960 --> 00:58:59.630 Yes. 730 00:58:59.950 --> 00:59:01.950 clemente j navarro: there is that question in the room. 731 00:59:02.140 --> 00:59:06.369 Yeah, can you? Can you hear me? Okay? 732 00:59:07.290 --> 00:59:08.100 clemente j navarro: Hi. 733 00:59:09.010 --> 00:59:12.190 so do we want to run it like a discussion? Now 734 00:59:15.620 --> 00:59:17.180 I'm in 2. 735 00:59:17.450 --> 00:59:18.660 clemente j navarro: Sorry. Tell me 736 00:59:19.020 --> 00:59:21.649 you like us to participate in a 737 00:59:22.250 --> 00:59:23.140 discussion? 738 00:59:24.140 --> 00:59:28.660 clemente j navarro: No, I I I asking if there are questions in the room. 739 00:59:29.070 --> 00:59:29.959 clemente j navarro: All right. 740 00:59:30.380 --> 00:59:35.509 fantastic room. And then the food. Okay, thank you. 741 00:59:35.600 --> 00:59:39.090 So I'm not sure whether you have to come up here, or whether I can. 742 00:59:40.080 --> 00:59:42.939 clemente j navarro: I think better if they go there 743 00:59:42.990 --> 00:59:44.619 using this, I 744 00:59:47.520 --> 00:59:48.779 sorry I 745 00:59:51.410 --> 01:00:00.479 Hello! My name is Nye Bosley from the University of Fairfax in Belgium, and a question for the last speaker is about the political implication of what you say. 746 01:00:00.660 --> 01:00:14.079 We've been reading to past the prophets of the research of the extreme rights, especially in Germany. 747 01:00:14.860 --> 01:00:21.380 between the and especially the loose values that you were referring to. 748 01:00:24.900 --> 01:00:27.190 If you. this is. 749 01:00:30.650 --> 01:00:31.980 find a 750 01:00:33.890 --> 01:00:34.560 so 751 01:00:34.830 --> 01:00:40.420 electoral motifs of the same edges. 752 01:00:42.820 --> 01:00:47.640 the of system. 753 01:00:48.960 --> 01:00:52.779 Aware of the vote for the 754 01:00:53.010 --> 01:00:53.780 I 755 01:00:54.290 --> 01:00:57.110 that we find no decisions. 756 01:00:58.590 --> 01:00:59.799 An interesting 757 01:01:02.510 --> 01:01:03.630 is 758 01:01:06.040 --> 01:01:06.900 eyes 759 01:01:07.880 --> 01:01:08.870 for us. 760 01:01:09.570 --> 01:01:14.320 German, as we know in Japanese. 761 01:01:20.820 --> 01:01:24.940 right is 762 01:01:27.330 --> 01:01:28.250 peace. 763 01:01:29.230 --> 01:01:31.350 It's yes 764 01:01:35.890 --> 01:01:36.670 clemente j navarro: right? 765 01:01:38.880 --> 01:01:40.140 Another question 766 01:01:50.670 --> 01:01:53.559 comes for. and also a research. 767 01:01:54.680 --> 01:02:05.980 I'm a Phd. Student coming from also from our Mit University, but in a design for you from the School of Monitor and of our design. But I want to share some of my experience of 768 01:02:06.190 --> 01:02:13.550 maybe with some like waste disposal, and also like. And that brings my question. 769 01:02:13.910 --> 01:02:14.710 Some 770 01:02:15.260 --> 01:02:29.160 36 new studies with the yard research process. So I have living to see me for us one or 3 years. I'm giving a housing area where some some white colors with, maybe high- 771 01:02:29.180 --> 01:02:35.190 so I feels like, and the local council are you just too off? 772 01:02:35.400 --> 01:02:44.350 2 years ago the local console start to this all but the search here suggests how to use kind of 773 01:02:44.610 --> 01:02:46.909 where the green 774 01:03:14.610 --> 01:03:26.710 very fancy by new apartments, and then they suggest people to recycle what one like the panels like one for recycling, for some, maybe papers, boxes, or some. 775 01:03:26.710 --> 01:03:35.440 and then for the general was 776 01:03:35.740 --> 01:03:44.989 residents. But then also months. I just moved to high quality or lower quality than any previous one. 777 01:03:45.070 --> 01:03:55.579 and if I find there's no tunnels on every level, and then we have to putting our waste backs. That garbage back to the like 778 01:03:55.730 --> 01:03:58.479 a car parking place, and not 779 01:03:59.040 --> 01:04:03.270 so that's quite inconvenient. And then we'll find 780 01:04:03.330 --> 01:04:16.879 this kind of situation changed our behaviors in some way. 781 01:04:17.490 --> 01:04:32.249 and it costs like their life, and there, maybe, they have some willing willingness to dispose or to useful, or to have different waste collection. My first always in your life, but 782 01:04:32.350 --> 01:04:41.899 their legal conditions is not allow them to do in that way. So that's something we want to do with your. We're starting to suggest some policy regulations. 783 01:04:42.290 --> 01:05:00.009 and then another part. So that brings the question in a different way, I think. I wonder do you evolve some behavior like studies for people's behavior, which is whether psychological or adaptation, or some under-minage of fears that's going to involve. Serve vehicles. 784 01:05:00.350 --> 01:05:02.170 The nursing mistake in the city. 785 01:05:04.880 --> 01:05:07.059 Yeah. Thanks. So 786 01:05:07.680 --> 01:05:16.209 I said. But it's a great question, and thanks for the examples. in a sense, I think the the thing that's driven us to move away from 787 01:05:16.890 --> 01:05:18.759 a cognitive and conscious 788 01:05:19.360 --> 01:05:25.679 ideas of driving waste domestic waste management. 789 01:05:25.910 --> 01:05:28.379 In other words, away from 790 01:05:29.750 --> 01:05:31.339 it's probably out 791 01:05:32.790 --> 01:05:35.380 like in these cases where 792 01:05:38.150 --> 01:05:40.579 one regime or one set of. 793 01:05:42.730 --> 01:05:43.810 So now that 794 01:05:45.330 --> 01:05:47.340 crises. Okay? 795 01:05:48.360 --> 01:05:53.079 And so this this suggests to me that this is not a behavioral issue. 796 01:05:54.270 --> 01:05:56.249 It's more to do with 797 01:05:56.400 --> 01:05:59.180 entanglement of infrastructures. 798 01:06:00.320 --> 01:06:01.279 his regulations. 799 01:06:02.040 --> 01:06:11.410 but also the the spatial and chronological organization of waste management. 800 01:06:12.950 --> 01:06:19.890 and that people can be very well disposed of, conscious even thinking about what he said behaviorally. 801 01:06:20.560 --> 01:06:21.610 hey? 802 01:06:22.020 --> 01:06:24.489 But still find it impossible 803 01:06:26.570 --> 01:06:30.960 quiet. Given all the other. it is a daily life. 804 01:06:30.990 --> 01:06:37.389 and so moving away from behavior is a conscious decision for us in trying to explore. 805 01:06:37.660 --> 01:06:40.290 and more by these less conscious 806 01:06:40.440 --> 01:06:41.549 into the radar. 807 01:06:42.610 --> 01:06:50.420 But I infrastructure. And of course we see that onto authorities tend to target behavior. identical signage up or send stuff through 808 01:06:50.540 --> 01:06:52.700 lot of boxes telling you how to 809 01:06:56.060 --> 01:06:57.260 in the. 810 01:06:58.150 --> 01:07:01.679 So that's what's led us to kind of move away from a more conscious 811 01:07:03.610 --> 01:07:04.710 comedies 812 01:07:05.250 --> 01:07:09.450 a choice based 813 01:07:09.760 --> 01:07:11.500 way of thinking about how 814 01:07:16.200 --> 01:07:20.620 like this is 815 01:07:21.330 --> 01:07:22.000 explaining. 816 01:07:23.950 --> 01:07:24.650 Thank you. 817 01:07:25.340 --> 01:07:26.860 clemente j navarro: All right. 818 01:07:26.870 --> 01:07:27.989 as another question. 819 01:07:28.200 --> 01:07:30.089 So if you can, just 820 01:07:31.860 --> 01:07:32.600 for 821 01:07:36.390 --> 01:07:37.980 but yes, my. 822 01:07:38.090 --> 01:07:42.010 it's time for you to manage the university. But we should be. 823 01:07:42.330 --> 01:07:46.920 And I have 2 questions, one, Lisa. 824 01:07:47.090 --> 01:07:49.269 the digital brokerage. 825 01:07:50.020 --> 01:07:57.870 Search the 826 01:07:59.660 --> 01:08:01.300 the 827 01:08:02.500 --> 01:08:05.709 and the second one is to nature. 828 01:08:06.380 --> 01:08:08.550 It's of 829 01:08:09.610 --> 01:08:11.700 in this. 830 01:08:18.810 --> 01:08:20.430 What it's 831 01:08:39.390 --> 01:08:42.300 you is all politically. 832 01:08:42.440 --> 01:08:43.130 This is 833 01:08:49.020 --> 01:08:49.750 this 834 01:08:52.520 --> 01:08:55.880 origin from the 835 01:09:00.910 --> 01:09:03.580 on some 836 01:09:04.730 --> 01:09:07.000 she 837 01:09:12.130 --> 01:09:13.560 is that you should 838 01:09:13.740 --> 01:09:14.570 your next 839 01:09:20.640 --> 01:09:22.030 and the second Christian 840 01:09:24.770 --> 01:09:25.600 this 841 01:09:26.330 --> 01:09:32.679 It's this term of local society to stress 842 01:09:35.000 --> 01:09:36.230 one of the natural. 843 01:09:38.470 --> 01:09:39.210 So 844 01:09:39.460 --> 01:09:41.950 I think it all in societies. 845 01:09:42.470 --> 01:09:43.150 please. 846 01:09:43.440 --> 01:09:45.200 There it is. So 847 01:09:45.860 --> 01:09:49.010 you it 848 01:09:51.470 --> 01:09:53.170 fallen values 849 01:09:54.070 --> 01:09:55.030 this. 850 01:09:55.320 --> 01:09:56.330 this is. 851 01:09:57.640 --> 01:09:58.390 it's 852 01:09:58.580 --> 01:10:00.640 the society. So 853 01:10:02.240 --> 01:10:05.640 this. the central 854 01:10:07.700 --> 01:10:09.830 is is collective. 855 01:10:11.370 --> 01:10:13.620 So it's a 856 01:10:14.990 --> 01:10:16.770 is able. 857 01:10:17.920 --> 01:10:19.070 So 858 01:10:22.280 --> 01:10:22.940 see. 859 01:10:23.200 --> 01:10:26.380 that is important. And to 860 01:10:28.000 --> 01:10:32.379 it's this course. 861 01:10:34.340 --> 01:10:35.090 So the 862 01:10:36.740 --> 01:10:40.220 groups. And so that's all century. 863 01:10:41.730 --> 01:10:42.410 It's 864 01:10:43.820 --> 01:10:44.910 which 865 01:10:48.890 --> 01:10:51.960 this 866 01:10:56.200 --> 01:10:56.920 see. 867 01:11:06.660 --> 01:11:07.900 clemente j navarro: you're right. 868 01:11:08.600 --> 01:11:13.670 I also really enjoyed your paper, and I was particularly taken by your 869 01:11:13.720 --> 01:11:20.879 the dilemma of cause and effect, and where kind of causality or otherwise sat in your mind 870 01:11:22.020 --> 01:11:23.530 that there was some kind of 871 01:11:25.730 --> 01:11:29.449 both cause and effect at. 872 01:11:30.280 --> 01:11:32.249 and was both disturbing, but also quite. 873 01:11:33.230 --> 01:11:44.410 It seems to suggest that I think you're suggesting that therefore. has this problematic tendency, and 874 01:11:45.250 --> 01:11:46.320 to 875 01:11:46.470 --> 01:11:48.379 get into a decaying spiral 876 01:11:51.660 --> 01:11:53.680 in an innocence of 877 01:11:59.380 --> 01:12:03.090 and if that's interpreted incorrectly 878 01:12:04.900 --> 01:12:06.280 it it 879 01:12:08.320 --> 01:12:09.130 to 880 01:12:09.430 --> 01:12:12.950 to social cohesion particularly 881 01:12:16.420 --> 01:12:17.809 it's it 882 01:12:21.600 --> 01:12:23.010 I'm not. 883 01:12:24.120 --> 01:12:24.940 As 884 01:12:25.110 --> 01:12:25.850 for this. 885 01:12:30.000 --> 01:12:31.490 the 886 01:12:33.000 --> 01:12:34.340 I want to. 887 01:12:34.840 --> 01:12:37.660 I society. 888 01:12:39.710 --> 01:12:40.490 I think. 889 01:12:41.890 --> 01:12:42.560 is 890 01:12:43.600 --> 01:12:45.020 message. 891 01:12:45.240 --> 01:12:47.889 There is one 892 01:12:52.350 --> 01:12:53.110 this 893 01:12:53.460 --> 01:12:54.530 a. 894 01:12:54.960 --> 01:12:56.630 And you can see 895 01:12:57.660 --> 01:13:01.580 so election of a new 896 01:13:02.120 --> 01:13:03.160 sister. 897 01:13:03.360 --> 01:13:07.269 or if, since society is getting 898 01:13:07.560 --> 01:13:08.550 i' to 899 01:13:09.570 --> 01:13:11.639 or it doesn't change. 900 01:13:12.530 --> 01:13:14.850 And so here is not only 901 01:13:19.680 --> 01:13:22.630 in the discourse on 902 01:13:23.040 --> 01:13:26.180 sometimes these 903 01:13:26.380 --> 01:13:29.330 of the legacies of colonism. 904 01:13:30.510 --> 01:13:32.070 not see. 905 01:13:32.490 --> 01:13:33.359 this is 906 01:13:34.540 --> 01:13:35.360 this is 907 01:13:36.700 --> 01:13:38.559 this time, so 908 01:13:39.660 --> 01:13:41.209 that he 909 01:13:41.870 --> 01:13:42.680 we should 910 01:13:46.050 --> 01:13:47.530 site 911 01:13:47.600 --> 01:13:48.730 for me 912 01:13:49.360 --> 01:13:51.790 the analysis to see. 913 01:13:54.460 --> 01:13:55.440 Not 914 01:14:00.770 --> 01:14:02.420 a state policy. 915 01:14:04.980 --> 01:14:06.570 Yeah. 916 01:14:07.230 --> 01:14:09.200 the 917 01:14:10.330 --> 01:14:12.700 the collective problem is, you 918 01:14:13.820 --> 01:14:14.480 was 919 01:14:16.180 --> 01:14:17.100 Whoa. 920 01:14:21.470 --> 01:14:22.250 it's funny 921 01:14:22.770 --> 01:14:23.620 all. 922 01:14:26.300 --> 01:14:27.080 Thank you. 923 01:14:29.770 --> 01:14:32.450 So this kind of altruism 924 01:14:32.800 --> 01:14:33.570 is. 925 01:14:34.330 --> 01:14:35.699 I don't see legacy 926 01:14:37.260 --> 01:14:38.180 and see. 927 01:14:38.710 --> 01:14:39.410 Yes. 928 01:14:47.930 --> 01:14:48.790 the 929 01:14:52.630 --> 01:14:53.440 questions 930 01:14:58.070 --> 01:14:58.900 I mean. 931 01:15:05.830 --> 01:15:15.980 you're you're big. The first paper of one waste that I think you you said at the beginning that high rise buildings have more based. 932 01:15:16.130 --> 01:15:20.219 There was any way to be very into that, not so much more waste. 933 01:15:20.480 --> 01:15:28.899 more problems with the. So they have lower recycling rates of. 934 01:15:29.520 --> 01:15:33.599 And then you say, your argument is you' about 935 01:15:33.820 --> 01:15:39.529 you just showed it in the favor, and I was wondering 936 01:15:40.380 --> 01:15:42.110 that you. 937 01:15:42.340 --> 01:15:44.800 but otherwise it's a difficult. 938 01:15:45.080 --> 01:15:47.610 So they have. 939 01:15:47.730 --> 01:15:51.730 Oh, this infrastructure! Did you feel that they? 940 01:15:52.290 --> 01:15:55.549 I say that they will only control, or they they find ways of 941 01:15:56.500 --> 01:15:59.360 solving it for themselves. Without 942 01:15:59.650 --> 01:16:00.740 most of 943 01:16:00.830 --> 01:16:04.199 yeah, it's it's actually a really good question and 944 01:16:04.580 --> 01:16:07.209 to the type of secretary. But I was conscious of. 945 01:16:08.480 --> 01:16:16.980 But we we do have extensive stories of kind, of the ingenuity and innovation that people want to task 946 01:16:17.020 --> 01:16:18.529 of trying to diligently 947 01:16:19.140 --> 01:16:21.809 participate and achieve 948 01:16:21.940 --> 01:16:25.949 recycling in many, many cases. So 949 01:16:25.980 --> 01:16:29.650 so we have even photographs of people. 950 01:16:30.660 --> 01:16:33.910 and it bends with wheels on that they can get into the lift. 951 01:16:34.420 --> 01:16:42.019 So they didn't get the recycling up and down, and some of them really were recourse to recycling bins that were in the street. 952 01:16:42.130 --> 01:16:43.000 in the. 953 01:16:43.160 --> 01:16:44.959 in in 954 01:16:45.780 --> 01:16:49.689 no facilities even in building 955 01:16:50.000 --> 01:16:53.499 so yes, certainly the accomplishment. 956 01:16:54.250 --> 01:16:57.880 And it comes down, I think, to to you know 957 01:16:58.850 --> 01:17:04.100 how much to ingenuity itself. It is the performances of the capabilities. 958 01:17:04.160 --> 01:17:09.909 So, for example, somebody who was able to achieve that wasn't working 12 h shifted 959 01:17:11.050 --> 01:17:12.010 in 960 01:17:12.240 --> 01:17:16.020 bringing up 3 kids in an apartment, because in those cases. 961 01:17:16.610 --> 01:17:17.350 this. 962 01:17:17.610 --> 01:17:20.349 the ability, the capability to be able to 963 01:17:22.040 --> 01:17:25.770 to be able to participate in that wide. Just 964 01:17:27.190 --> 01:17:30.120 So in a sense, 965 01:17:30.510 --> 01:17:31.400 yes. 966 01:17:31.630 --> 01:17:35.559 we find many stories and many 967 01:17:38.020 --> 01:17:40.100 not being able to participate. 968 01:17:41.320 --> 01:17:42.080 My. 969 01:17:43.400 --> 01:17:45.740 it's I mean, part of this. If it was 970 01:17:45.870 --> 01:17:48.840 on offer, it was just much more you 971 01:17:49.030 --> 01:17:53.070 to to work with, you know, on. And many of these plants. 972 01:17:53.560 --> 01:17:58.949 the ones that do have. which I think should shoot by the way, these channels 973 01:17:59.260 --> 01:18:04.480 they only have one. They don't have a recycling. and we' to. 974 01:18:04.660 --> 01:18:05.820 It's clear as symmetry. 975 01:18:06.280 --> 01:18:11.870 You can walk out of your door, and there's a whole there. The home is philanthrop. 976 01:18:12.540 --> 01:18:16.900 So if you want to do anything else, I will put everything into lambda. You have to design your own system 977 01:18:17.110 --> 01:18:17.810 to do it. 978 01:18:18.670 --> 01:18:27.370 and so we we found, you know, like I said. lots of stories about them. The system reality is that this 979 01:18:27.570 --> 01:18:28.830 is privatized. 980 01:18:29.950 --> 01:18:30.810 and 981 01:18:31.280 --> 01:18:32.340 it is. 982 01:18:35.580 --> 01:18:39.190 and it is in many cases frustrating. 983 01:18:39.650 --> 01:18:40.990 It is closed. 984 01:18:41.870 --> 01:18:44.889 Many of gaps that that have to be bridged 985 01:18:45.210 --> 01:18:48.110 very much all my life on resources. 986 01:18:48.440 --> 01:18:49.350 delegates. 987 01:18:49.740 --> 01:18:51.890 time, energy. 988 01:18:52.200 --> 01:18:54.960 Is it cool the 989 01:18:55.630 --> 01:18:56.980 all we know. 990 01:19:00.260 --> 01:19:01.490 Karen took administrators. 991 01:19:05.600 --> 01:19:07.140 He had a question. 992 01:19:12.610 --> 01:19:17.530 clemente j navarro: okay, perfect. So 993 01:19:18.150 --> 01:19:25.809 clemente j navarro: we come. We need. Yeah. Would you like, would you say some final comments, Ralph. 994 01:19:26.480 --> 01:19:29.410 I'm heck to. Yeah, if you like, and 995 01:19:30.060 --> 01:19:40.210 I like to thank the other speakers in the session for, and I think the papers fitted much better to get them and minded so my public 996 01:19:40.290 --> 01:19:45.359 for that. But I think it was great to hear your contributions. 997 01:19:46.530 --> 01:19:56.959 and the the contrast between the papers, and the context, I thought, worked really well for me, anyway, as somebody who's kind of coming into this. 998 01:19:57.000 --> 01:20:06.740 I I very much hope that your work will be published if it isn't already, and and we'll get reach a wire audience. 999 01:20:07.670 --> 01:20:11.339 Home has been strengthened by the discussion here today. The processes. 1000 01:20:13.510 --> 01:20:27.400 I think 1001 01:20:27.490 --> 01:20:32.280 how to continue that work, as is exactly my ambition. 1002 01:20:34.870 --> 01:20:40.890 So I think I think we can close this session and and thank you all for attending. 1003 01:20:41.430 --> 01:20:44.819 and there was a physics here. 1004 01:20:44.830 --> 01:20:49.819 I wish you the best as you go out and brave the Melbourne winter, and the rest is at a conference. 1005 01:20:50.270 --> 01:21:00.570 and for 1006 01:21:01.010 --> 01:21:04.449 no doubt your special 1007 01:21:05.250 --> 01:21:10.439 that you've had to make in order to fit in with this time zone and 1008 01:21:10.510 --> 01:21:12.510 and navigate the technology. 1009 01:21:12.800 --> 01:21:13.870 clemente j navarro: Okay? 1010 01:21:14.610 --> 01:21:21.850 clemente j navarro: So that's it from the room here. Okay, thank you. Thank you very much for all for you sharing. 1011 01:21:22.100 --> 01:21:31.849 clemente j navarro: I appreciate. I think it has been a very interesting session. showing how different different ways to 1012 01:21:32.450 --> 01:21:38.859 clemente j navarro: to make a productive relationship between institutions. 1013 01:21:39.030 --> 01:22:01.619 clemente j navarro: public policy, as in your case, I think you, you, your presentation meet of fit decision for you, while showing how different way to arrange public policy and services can shame behavior and participation in very important community issue, as is was, for instance. 1014 01:22:01.750 --> 01:22:06.790 clemente j navarro: and I think has been very, very interesting presentation. Thank you very much. 1015 01:22:07.450 --> 01:22:16.559 clemente j navarro: You as well as the presenter, the audience, and I hope, overall that you. We will meet in another 1016 01:22:16.950 --> 01:22:20.509 clemente j navarro: says on the session, or to speak about 1017 01:22:20.560 --> 01:22:27.149 clemente j navarro: institution, public policies, services, and community life. Thank you very much 1018 01:22:27.610 --> 01:22:28.900 clemente j navarro: from every yeah. 1019 01:22:29.410 --> 01:22:34.010 clemente j navarro: How fine. 1020 01:22:34.570 --> 01:22:36.190 Yes, have a great day. 1021 01:22:39.290 --> 01:22:40.000 clemente j navarro: Bye, bye.