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okay, so so just the to in my watch. So so let's start the final session. So I'm a manager of this system.

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And so

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so then, so, so the professor is me. So in the session. So we have only 2 presentations, and so we have a plenty of time, so, so, so, so, so, so, so your name. So what?

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So, so? So we we have. So about the 20 min presentation, and 200 and a a a. A. And the in the I just some time. So it's a Q&A but so well, I think so that this session will be over as a aria. That's okay. So about one. Now, I also, okay.

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Ok, so 20 min and 10 min key on the way. Ok.

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absolutely, too.

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So we.

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okay.

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yeah.

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Yeah.

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Good afternoon. I am rice at the from the University of Eastern Philippines. This research was approved by my University's In-house Review, where faculty members present their research proposals and studies. This paper presents.

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This paper explores the current team guidelines adopted in the provinces in Samar Island, Philippines, to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Since its first imposition on March, and in the context of a national program adopted on May 2,020 that sought to deconest city centers by assisting returning residents back to their hometown.

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I would like to begin with the research objectives then briefly provide a background and the method followed by the key points.

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So this study explores the quarantine guidelines adopted by the provinces in Summer Island, Philippines, to prevent the spread of COVID-19 examines the social aspects of categorizing individuals according to their travel, history, and whether their travels are deemed to be essential, and analyzes how quarantine guidelines contribute to to public health mechanisms in preventing the spread of COVID-19

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to provide a brief background. The Philippines has 3 major islands, Luzon, Visayas, and Mendenau. Summer Island is part of the Eastern Vesayas region. The Philippine statistics authority cites internal migration from Eastern Vesayas to the national capital region, or Ncr. As the fourth largest inter regional migration stream in 2,018,

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on March sevente and 2,020, the Executive Secretary, by order of the President issued a memorandum titled community quarantine over the entire zone and further guidelines for the management of the Coronavirus disease. 2,019 situation.

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It suspended classes and school activities in all levels, mass gatherings, mass, public transport, restricted land, air and sea travel implemented a strict home quarantine and flexible work arrangement, such as adopting a combination of work from home and in person. Skeleton workforce.

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On May on March 1520 20, the Interagency Task force for the management of emerging infectious disease, composed of 8 departments, departments of health, foreign affairs, justice, labor, unemployment, tourism, transportation and information and communication technology, issued its first charting guideline to spending classes in metro Manila as gatherings and domestic land, air and sea travel

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to and from Metro Manila. Except mass, public transport, imposing community quarantines at each level of government unit, from the smallest, which is at the barangay, the municipal, and up to province level and encouraging flexible work arrangements.

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On May the sixth, 2,020, the President issued Executive Order number 101, 4, or institutionalizing the Bali-provin Shambagon Pagasa.

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or roughly translated as return to the Province New Hope Program. Its policy objectives include empowerment of local industries, food, security and agricultural productivity, social welfare, health and employment and development of infrastructure, implementing it at the start of the pandemic. It cites, among others, that the epicenters of the COVID-19 pandemic are congested areas lot

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located in the Ncr. And the program would reverse the migration to the Ncr and other congested metropolis. At that time there were 4 levels of quarantines. The lowest is a modified general community quarantine, followed by general community quarantine modified, enhanced community quarantine and enhanced community quarantine.

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This research employed secondary data analysis of 16 quarantine guidelines related to COVID-19, issued by provincial local government units in the 3 provinces in the Summer Island, posted in official Facebook pages, the Provincial government of Eastern Sammar, Northern Summer Provincial Information Office, and some are Public Information Office, issued from 17 march to 15 July 20.

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These provincial local government units primarily relied on social media, particularly on Facebook to release their guidelines.

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The 3 provinces were under modified general community quarantine and general community quarantine, the 2 lowest levels of quarantine, the national government down to the local government units, usually releases its quarantine guideline every 15 days and effective immediately or on the first and sixteenth day of the month.

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the National Interagency Task force has allowed the following categories of individuals, namely, returning overseas Filipino workers or ofws locally stranded individuals, or lsis and authorize persons outside residents, or or to travel home. There were OS or overseas Philippine workers whose jobs were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic

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and return to the Philippines temporarily or permanently, locally stranded. Individuals are individuals who were on travel during the quarantine period, and would eventually return to their original place of residents, or those who are internal migrants who decide to go back to their hometown.

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Authorized persons outside of residence are health workers, members of the Philippine National Police.

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armed forces of the Philippines authorized government officials and employees, persons travelling for medical and humanitarian reasons, persons providing basic services, essential skeleton workforce returning residents, news and Nina personnel persons with official transaction outside the Province.

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members of the Provincial Health Board or the Provincial Interagency Task Force persons providing delivery services and other persons determined by the task force, while overseas Filipino workers and locally stranded individuals must follow the mandatory 14 Day quarantine at an isolation facility or supervised home quarantine authorized persons outside residents are allowed to travel back and forth without undergoing the mandatory quarantine.

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Why are some, and

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why are some individuals and travels considered as essentials, and therefore, must be unhampered, while others are not. In explaining the different approaches of countries. In screening tuberculosis, and HIV. Taylor proposes to analyze diseases sociologically where individuals acquire. disease identities. Taylor explains that he did that disease. So disease identities are made during the height of its public.

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This course, and similar to the stereotypes are slow to change and difficult to dispel.

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Taylor argues that diseases, disease, identities, influence policymakers and affects policy. Making the translation of disease identities into policy is mediated by institutional structures. In the case of COVID-19, in the Philippines, the Interagency Task force at various levels, national, regional, provincial and municipal categorizes individuals and travels as essential.

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while travels of app wars go and hampered, travels of other individuals are limited on delivery of or availing of services enumerated, and to name a few in government offices, banks, remittance centres, industries, food services, basic services and utilities, manufacturing gas, station, fishing and farming and religious activities. It is interesting to note that under general community quarantine

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a mass gathering is not only based on the number of attendees, but what kind of gathering is allowed? Thus a religious gathering was allowed at 50% capacity, but political gatherings were not curfew hours for miners, and the elderly and liquor band were also implemented by examining the social aspects of categorizing individuals according to their travel, history, and whether they or their travels and Gath

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are deemed to be essential or non-essential. Dichotomies are made between aspects of our social life, such as work and leisure, and regular and curfew hours.

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and the identities as authorized and non-authorized persons. The young and the elderly, and those with comorbidities or no comorbidities.

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This they thought great dichotomies and identities have been made of use, and thus become a ground for contestation and negotiation. A few examples are as follows, public and open spaces, such as sparks and beaches, were eventually opened, leisure activities were eventually allowed as long as they are spent with household members, and or in so open spaces, curfew hours were reduced.

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Yeah.

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while the Department of Health enumerated engineering and administrative interventions and the use of personal protective equipment at home in public places, high-density communities, workplaces, and other service establishments.

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The current information campaign to prevent COVID-19 is summarized in its acronym be the solution or the observance of minimum health standards, namely, wearing a face masks, and for a dime face shields frequent hand washing, following physical, distancing, and accessing right information by constantly reminding individuals of interventions that they have control of, while the rest of the

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while the rest of risk-based public health standards go unchecked. It is argued that current quarantine guidelines have put more emphasis on individual responsibility

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rather than institutional accountability of meeting public health standards. Thank you.

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Thank you very much for presentation. So maybe on the queue and the time. So any question.

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who?

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Okay?

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 that you

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yeah.

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 I'm just, you know, I'm really a very vulnerable

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okay.

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it. Okay. My.

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and what are you?

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Okay?

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Nice.

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And then he said that necessary for so

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not only universal software

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in our

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absolutely.

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And also there are individuals who are

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the authorized individual. Scared doubles for

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the

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their problems are. let's say scary childhoods are not.

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That's right.

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Oh, here

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they have one of these

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of

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 because

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during the first.

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And I

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so there was

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this actually

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9 30

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as a very

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I

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the

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and like

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everybody's pretended.

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And

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for

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even if it's the same part of your family board, somebody knows it, some of them some very best.

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Oh, please, I'm in big with the concept you discussed earlier. You said

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the seaside. Then at least

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us more about this concept. And also.

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I'm curious. Is there a class dimension to this concept? And at the same time

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how human beings state imports? This is a

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you just don't like it of a

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university, that 3, 2,

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the the

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in the into their policies. So I used to play down for that.

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It is that.

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And then we acquire certain ideas that it equals or Grimbins us from

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other things. I say. I actually more.

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I would say,

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Bobbery, and

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in the 95 we have in having these

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is based on the task force that you find

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are theorized versus. What are the fact that the

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there's some plastic and

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actually

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 He explored on that. But I didn't have

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in the

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it's a the the I

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those. So

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so I think I haven't. Even

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the next phrase was right. Thank you. And

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are all the very spurs ones and their jobs? Are it extended with other invention? Or.

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okay, I'll get. Please

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use the

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then. You also use

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those

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guidelines in those dynamics come from the

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action of over men. For are no.

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yeah.

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So we have

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the names that they have

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memoranda and executive usually.

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 How do you see like, have you been there? International?

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 Here

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provisional governments release their own life?

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I mean, our profits were

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of their

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I in that

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the general guidelines this following, but during the movie 19 pounds.

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what I understand I of my understanding, the for all things can issue, the work

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being acted for some of them. When you

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and the.

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for example, in the one for all things the we are so

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everybody is

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one participating that he had

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I the. So so that what is it? Value

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was a under a hired. So that that was the

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okay. Thank you. So.

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okay, that's all. So I'm interested in your presentation. So so essential classification is depending on the your social in quality. So it's such a status thing.

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Sorry. So

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so so you see, also, so essential classification deflect on the so social in quality

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that me, that is the high grass or a middle or a row

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 study

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based on so that we're.

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for example.

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the ghostly, of course, up.

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Ok, I got it. Thank you very much. So thank you very much for your presentation and active discussion.

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Ok, so let's move on the higher presentation.

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Oh, it's me so so again, my name is. And it's a joint presentation with the doctor. he, he's here. And so so we focus on the people's support for the government's corona measures in Asian countries. So Japan, Korea, and China.

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we conducted a competitive survey, and so we will show the results.

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So East Asian countries are known to have fewer coronas than the Europe, Us. And other regions. So, therefore, the interest was focused on the factors that contribute the protection against the infection.

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So Nobel Prize and a Nobel Prize winner, Sinai Yamanaka called it fractals. So this study will examine a Fract X candidate from a social cultural prospective.

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So students comply with with the COVID-19 meters was important however, many of the call Corona, me just restricted individual freedom for example, avano codon and the the team, or and the waxing foundation since. it's prevent the people's freedom.

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Never there us! Why did the students comply with the corona. Immediately we discussed this question based on the survey research.

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And so So Japan, Korea and China and Japan, the Korea Liberal democracies, whereas China is a one party also Italian regime. But all 3 countries share Asian periods that press importance on Shapelias and the correctivities

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we'll compare and analyze how the the fact that the effect supports the coroner immediately.

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Okay, so the existence of the Asian parties has long been debated in confusion. Countries always to Asia. Practical relationships preference pro groups over the individual desire for harmony. And Patrolky our family, you know. they they are across to also Italian attitude, and so they are. they. They are also a contrary to ribbon democracy.

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And so for this reason, a debate has been developed. As to Pesa, the Asian values are comfortable with democratization in East Asia.

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but Asia bodies were expected to have a strong effect on Coronavirus, because they are compatible with being in harmony with the grip and the borrowing Shperia government.

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This is especially true for authoritarian regime.

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By contrast, this effect is expected to be suppressed in the liberal democracies.

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so Asian bodies are expected to have stronger inferences on Coronavirus support. In China, on the contrary, in Japan, the Korea Asian-powered its effect on COVID-19 measures support suppressed.

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So this is our hypothesis. And so we will test this. Okay? So I'm able on the data our way. Best question is, Abe. On COVID-19, in 2,022 of last year, conducted in China in January and in Japan. The Korea, simultaneously in February and the march. The some precise, was 1,000 for each country, and the total sample size was 3,000,

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and then down. The age was signed, according to the demographic characteristics of each country. The subway was conducted during the third wave of the Coronavirus pandemic, so when Omega runs, were preparant, this is the red line, and so, after the red line, the pandemic is explored.

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but so on. The on the time of the Sabb. People were able to respond commonly to the Coronavirus after the initial Tamil. So vaccination of starts to be administered.

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So now he's I mean the survey data. So look at the Asian barriers. we used for also returning as to as a question items, a respect to those in the authority better to obey government requests to deceive freedom of speech. in imaging this case.

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and Diaper's ideas make societal disorder and sacrifice personal interests for the nation and society in addition to to it. So we also used the strong leadership. Questions

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or 5 questions were rated on 7 point scale with high-school indicated more positive.

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The average score for China was the highest

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and orange, so China is the highest and the square for Japan. The Korea were not significant, different.

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So let's examine the us to to us. Copy to 19 in general. this was also 7 point scale there, so prevent the infection rather than economy. And the second question of our phrase, I should be listed today's question. As for these questions, so.

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okay, so

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are positive and similar in all 3 countries.

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So the third question, so government responsibility to prevent infection is so rests on the fall. So the neutral point. So so that is so many people don't think the primitive infection is responsibility for government in as I was they think preventing infection is all to the individual.

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And so what this this is there. There are a little difference among the 3 countries.

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however, that the final final final question there were differences in opinion and government, Coronavirus should be followed. This is highest China, followed by Korea and Japan in July.

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so I'll move on the support of a specific copies 90 meters each question was 5 point scale at the. It's a mean score or restriction on eating, drinking, and traveling after vaccination were highest in China orange and followed by Japan and Korea.

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And so tracking the individual behavior using digital technology which has been a hot topic recently, was a highly supported in China and so but remains the same in Japan and the Korea, despite Korea actually adapt. It's the desktop tracking and Japan. Dana did. The people's is almost the same.

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Okay? So next, so it to the restrictions for following us and the domestic national arts. So they were a little different among 3 count 2 days, and and so it's a high high average. So people agree their distribution on the entry.

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And so, in the case of a foreigner, the Minisko is higher than the domestic people.

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Okay, so, and finally the mandate to obstination. It is highest in China, and followed by Korea and Japan, and in that Oda

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and the overall. So

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the china has high highest means so Chinese support the COVID-19 specific call with 90 meters. And so so we so the agent party previously. So

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so so it's The high score in China! So these results were in line with our hypothesis. that it's the more agent period, the more I call the support of.

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But so so for most precise confirmation. So we we conduct the March barrier to analysis here. So we is, I mean, the main effects of the Asian barriers and the interaction with the country. So this our route to, because I mean the how the effect of Asian parties differ from country to country.

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The Asian body was some orbits the pro body I was shown previously. so several points of scale question, and this so summing up scale party from 4 to 28 for 4 by 7. Okay, the country party efforts was Japan as the difference, and with Korea and the Japan as Dami Parliament.

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and in this age gender education was controlled.

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so depended by the was the support for the coroner me just seen before. So so the rest of the in the event, they start working on the entry over domestic and foreign calling us and the workstream bandits.

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Okay. So

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this is the result of a multi-ligration analysis with each coronal media as the dependent parallel with so 5 dependent parallel boots. So the defect of agent values was generally significant. Okay.

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it's almost significant. But so this is difficult to understand, then so I show the result of simulations based on the model.

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So the figures shows. The age, and parties on the horizon are axis and the operating support for the it may just but but kind of offices.

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so the first. So as for the restrictions of the events, so as I'm parties, effect is negative. So it's contrary to our prediction. So we are unsure. Why, yeah.

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this this? so so so it's it's the out of our expectation. So that we are confused. But so this question asks about the behavioral constraints after vaccination.

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So this might mean that people think freedom should be protected after following the reduction policy.

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Okay,

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but it's a while with the possibilities.

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They're they're like, they start working. And it's a plocking how it's supposed to be fixed on engine values. it's like to Korea effect. this is particularly true in China, and the effect was a stronger in Korea

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when the as about it

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for the

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so coney as a heck, it's more a strong. So upon the restrictions, destruction of the foreigners and to the left were found to have a positive effect on Asian parties in 3 countries.

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So the I was. I picked it not differ much among countries, but to us our little I. I'll be real strong in China. Similarly, the effects of Asian parties. What? It's also observed in the case of the domestic and national Chinese effect, we're still to wrong. So Korea's effect is our little strong.

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Okay? So finally, in the case of Russian mandate, so the effects on the Asian value remained strong in China and the effects. In Japan, the Korea was significantly different.

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Okay, so that's all of the our analysis. So let's summarize the finding it

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so agent buddies have a positive impact on COVID-19 major support. Okay. In all 3 countries. however, there were some differences in the effects between countries. The Chinese have a stronger Asian parties the effects of Asian parties who are even greater.

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This is an interaction effect with the authoritarian regime in the influencing Asian particles.

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So Asia Barri was standardly for for Japan, the Korea. So effects are greater in Korea. We have not thought about this enough. but it may be different. But one of the possibility is the difference. Interest in the government.

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According to the world bar you sab a trusting government was higher in Korea's and Japan, the more trustworth is a government that more likely Also to oriented people to follow it.

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However, we do not have substantial data to confirm this. This is the challenge for future study.

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But in addition, this study analyze the data from East Asian countries only. It is also necessary to include Western Or other regions. so we need to compare other regions. This is one of the remaining issues that we need to be addressed.

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Ok, so that's all for my presentation. Thank you very much.

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Okay, so

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so do so the Philippine Philippine people support the government policy. COVID-19 policy.

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the

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so do they have a that done?

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do they have any discontent over

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so by the restriction of the of freedom.

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I

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is there a way to include state capacity in the model, because my meaning is Japan. Korea and China are

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some of the strongest dates in Asia life.

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There's a lot of reach

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and really reached it to civil society. So could it be possible that

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one another thing that

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creates the riots, together with ancient virus, to the the capacity of this state

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the enforce the rules over the popular?

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That's the first question. Okay? The second question.

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I forgot this this to the first question. So thank you very much, for this is a good question. So

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yes, so Japan, Korea, and China, as you indicate, so they have a reach of resource and the capacity of the State.

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Yes, but so in this study. So so we in as I was we can control the capacity of the state, because the relatively big big country. Okay? And so as for the so then but but but so we pay attention to So I argued that so so this argument is limited to the

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East Asia, not only East to Asia so if We we want to expand this argument. we need to. research the yes! Southeast Asia. So so I know. So South Asia. also had Asian parties.

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But so in this study, so we couldn't reach But it's I think it's possible to challenge a challenge.

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Okay, but the. But if so, we conduct already. we we include the South East Asia, including now Indonesia or whatso. So so then, so we carefully pay our attention to the capacity of the state, as you indicate that that's a very good, otherwise, thank you very much.

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please.

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Okay.

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in that

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the reason for that  in that?

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Yes. So so 7, 4, 4, 7 point to scare a question, so the so simply and at the beginning so 1, 2, 7. I think so. So from please. 34, and

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and it is in the

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these are simulations, but they use the origin of the visit.

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the

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but value, and so on, and the other.

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okay.

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so then, so so, but that's part of the score is

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out of the

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okay

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in herbing the experimental virus, and then the Doctor X. I think that's a very interesting problem. But I think people that talk about for a very long time. But my, my my second question looks more into the future towards the end. China has been present with a lot of protests.

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No, where's the end? So

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 Could you share your thoughts about what happened? How this.

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how do we? How do we

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reconciled the the massive protests in China towards the end, regarding holy restrictions?

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This will be the data that we have

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awesome, perfect, like from between China a halfway towards the end.

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Oh, I see. I I yes, It's a very tough question. It's so it's just a a big challenge, a huge challenge. But yeah, yeah. But so as you as you say, indicate. So it's the real phenomenon. So so China hearts discontent, and protest.

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But it's very, very difficult to get this information in the other countries.

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But so our project includes the Chinese, and so in this so so the. So he he conducted the Chinese part of the survey, and so we will collaborate with to address this question. But and and in the Korea and Japan. So

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we have the protest of the

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the expression of this content to us. COVID-19 majors not. All people agree with the government. it's it's it's just the survey. So we only know that the average. I've been a about 3 years, but so we pay attention to the sales

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that each protest as a phenomenon. It's a hint of the understand the people's attitude to commit 90.

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Thank you very much

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now. So we are trying to publish. But

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I would like to say. Oh, thank you very much. I'm happy.

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Okay.

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okay, yeah. Yeah. If you have any questions that that's all for my, a presentation. And that's all for me. Session. And that's over in the I am a

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to speak.

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But

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no, no, no, not speaking. Yes.

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So