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Everything's ready. Well, friends, good morning. I am Professor Pavez Abbasi from South Gujarat University Surat.

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So now we will start the session. Susan and

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And. Music and society identities with resistance and politics through musical production. Right? So first, I will invite Miss Terby Lloyd.

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From Sabita Waite Fulli University Pune to present her paper on music and everyday life perspective.

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So Miss.

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So.

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Chelsea tucked the like a one down. One is things. As you know it is.

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So I can.

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Easy. Yeah. Yeah.

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So this is nothing, this is just some quotes from The big names? Oh, can you hear me?

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Yeah. Speaking. So hello.

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My presentation is titled as Music and Everyday Live. And, some quotes.

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This we can skip. And here I want to start with my introduction. So when we consume music in our everyday life, we take it for granted, right?

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It is a taken for granted phenomenon. Like when we listen to music many times when you ask people you say they will say their answer will be like they are listening to it for inspiration, motivation, concentration, meditation, or to boost energy or just to peel at ease, etc.

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Right? And there could be many other reasons. So music what we see is we see it as a medium to which humans we share our emotions where to which we bone.

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But what I'm arguing is music is also a site of political. So this paper that I'm working on, it looks at the interplay of nationalism, geopolitics and everyday consumption of popular culture and in this case music.

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So I have 3 main arguments. First, music we use it as a pedagogy in the construction of national identity.

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Especially in geopolitical conflict zones. Where there is a contestation of power, true culture between dominant culture and subculture.

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Second music is a site or as a site of asserting dominant cultural traits to the minority communities and third music as a site for reclaiming the identity.

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So this is the site of the study. I'm taking Ernangal Pradesh which is in the notice and part of India.

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If you see this region, this is noticed in part of India and it borders. Specifically at Nazi Pradesh borders China, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Bhutan.

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Thank you. Just for your context.

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And I want to give a brief background of a natural before going ahead. So we all know that India is a multicultural, religious, linguistic, society, ethnic society and in each society.

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In each state of India, one will find people belonging from different tribes, ethnicities, languages, cultures and religion.

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Likewise, in her natural, the frontier state of India, there are more than 26 major tribes listed major tribes and more than 100 sub tribes with each tribes having distinct dialects and cultures.

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And because this is a frontier states with many indigenous communities, The state is a protected state along with states like Nagal and Misuram and recently aided Madepur in the northeastern side of India.

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So a state with protected status requires the citizens of India who are not the residents of this state to obtain in a line permit.

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To go to this area and for a foreigner they have they require protect area permit along with Indian visa to enter into this state.

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So, yeah, we see in earn our child there is this also issue of geopolitical issue.

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So a nutter is often claimed by China as a part of certainty debate. So they say that our natural is now China's you know territory it comes under China.

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So there have been many instances where China have renamed Er Nachen. Like the places in Natchell.

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So, that's obviously Indian government, decline. So here in this place we see the interplay of religion and politics in this region which raises the issue relating to identity and music as a part of popular culture, played and plays a very important role in this interplay of religion and politics.

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There are many other issues, but then I won't go into this. So some, these are some of the tribes.

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In a native produce so that you get some ideas of the very few tribes. So if you see this tribe, this is called LISU and disturb you will also find in Thailand.

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So, in Unnatural what I'm trying to say is many tribes they are They've been residing in a natural produce for a very long time, but then they are migrants like there are many they have been migrating into this state for a very long time and then from other southeast part of Southeast Asian part of the

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world.

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So coming to my first first argument that music as a pedagogy and then it is being used as a construction of national identity through music and geopolitical zones.

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So, along with geopolitical politics, the case of, Ernak Pradesh, there is this also the case of non-documentation.

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Of the history of people of Nazi Pradesh. So they don't have any documented historical data.

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Plus the languages, the dialects, the people speak. They don't have scripts. That's why that's the main reason why they don't have this documentation.

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So when India got independence, there was this nation building process. So in it, Hindu nationalism and dominant culture Okay, India played the major role.

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So whenever scholars, we can see Opreti, Waha or Geller. So they talked about nationalism in South Asia whenever they talk about nationalism in South Asia.

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They have highlighted the nationalist movements brought together people from different languages, ethnicity, religion, and culture against a colonial rule.

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But in the post-colonial state, the same sentiments could not be maintained. And the multicultural and multi structured society.

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And distinctive features led to the growth of regional movements or sub-nationalist movements in South Asian countries.

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And in case of India, most of the nationalist movements are the sub-nationalist movements. And in that, Hindu nationalism was one of the most important one in terms of nation building.

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So sub-nationalist movement is viewed as a political, religious, ethnic, cultural, territorial, linguistic, great nationalism and little nationalist movement.

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So after the independence of India, India for war, It's 2 neighboring countries that is Pakistan and China.

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So in though there was this Indochina war in 1,962 and with Pakistan in 1,947 1,999.

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After which it became all the more important for India to be well connected with the frontier states. So the world played a very important role in the Nottingham Princes Agency, Evolution as a state.

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And the Union of India. So after the war more efforts to integrate the region which was earlier region of her natural British into Indians started into India started beginning with its designation as a union territory in 1,972.

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And as a full-fledged state in 1987. The war also resulted in movement of the Indian Army personnel and many formal workers and informal laborers to earn natural privilege as argued by Sanji Ber in his book Durable Disorder which was published in 2,005.

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To continue with this. So this migrant brought with them Hindi languages and culture in the language and culture.

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Hindi was very important for the indigenous people there to learn to help the soldiers during the inter-china world for communication purpose.

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As the indigenous people knew the best about the tyrants. This knowing of Hindi kept on growing even after the war.

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So There is this narrative which is very famous in Nazi Pradesh, which is called Indian Hoki Hindi.

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This Hindi is you will see that only a people of our natural speak like this kind of Hindi is you will see that only a people of unnatural speak like this kind of Hindi.

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This is not good Hindi, like broken sort of Hindi. If you translate it it will be like being an Indian you don't even know Hindi.

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So it's a very common place among the people of Najal Pradesh. However, the popularity of Hindi and the use of Hindi among the youths in contemporary and Nazi Pradesh, we see is not only the result of geopolitical conflict but also of educational institutes

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and consumption of popular media. Which started with listening to songs. In radio. So firstly, in schools in Unnatal it was mandatory for the students to sing national anthem which is in obviously in Hindi.

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And singing of national anthem. Every day in their everyday life along with thinking of patriotic songs like Bandi Matharam Ragupati Ragabrajaram.

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It's a song which is usually sent during Kandichi's Gandhi Shenti.

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During Independence Day or Republic they enteredre enduring the Burt anniversary of freedom fighters.

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Played an important role in making people feel connected with the freedom struggles of India and India's history.

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So very few people had television back in 19 nineties, black and white television they used to use. So people would go to the house of person usually until somebody or Pancha Ice's committee member.

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These are the broke-level block level officers we can say. So with television to catch up on the news on D. Dursion.

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So Durversion is a national channel broadcasting channel which was very popular in the ninetys. To watch series like Ramayana Mahabharata, Rangoli Chitrahar and films that were broadcasting.

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So of these shows, Rangoli and Chitra are both popular music television series where song clips from Bollywood songs.

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Were played.

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So I have this one narrative which I couldn't aid here in the slide is that from my respondent, Begin, we would really like the songs but would not be able to understand and sing the songs, but the songs were being played in every popular technology of those times.

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Like in radio and television channels, we would then try to learn and understand it from the migrants and promote people who were studying or from other educated people.

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So learning Hindi so that they could understand Hindi songs or they could enjoy the songs was very important.

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So this phenomenon also made the Hindi language as something that is looked at and understood as sophisticated among the indigenous people.

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The Hindi language was in fashion among the people back then. It's also another narrative by my correspondent.

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So the language was all over the place. That is in the television, in the radio, in the migrant friends and soldiers and ina government institutions.

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We can say that performing India then became very important for the people of Er Nashal Pradesh and their way of performing India.

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Is by learning Hindi and by performing the petroleum music in schools and national events and in language widely considered as national language.

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So but in all this a conscious decision of learning Hinti by the past generation and their consumption of popular music or popular culture in Hindi in everyday life is now so deeply ingrained.

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That what we see in our Nazi today is youth's inability to speak their own dialect.

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The youth of Nazi predation. Or introduction of films and music which is in Hindi but not in the regional language or dialect.

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So yeah, music is a site of asserting dominant cultural traits to minority communities. So here I'd like to highlight that in unnatural, if I have to say, there is a very bloody line between Hindu nationalism and Indian nationalism in our nature.

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In Najal, you are in Indian, you are a nationalist, that means you are a Hindu nationalist.

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So the line is very blurry right now. And because the dominant mode of consumption of entertainment has always been in Hindi language so music He is also produced now in Hindi language.

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So, this we can also see that there is this is a part of my PhD study where a case of indigenous prayer group in a natural predator.

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They are now prayerersome. Sometimes it's in Hindi. And if not in Hindi, the melody of the song resembles

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Some Hindi. Songs in the sense There was this one prayer song which sounded like

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Was he in the devotional zone in the devotional song that I cannot recall right now? So, organizations, there is this artist's group of branch of artists, a Kilbarti of video Paris also.

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So they are one of the Organisation that supports the this indigenous prayer group and they also fund this prayer groups often.

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So they often organized prayer song competitions. And then they award the groups and then there will be winners per second third winner like that.

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So that's how they are promoting their dominant culture and the narratives.

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So music is a site of reclaiming identity here. What I'd like to say is Music has been used in many social movements, but then in naturally if you see if the students are protesting, you must have heard about a naturalist.

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Since past few years is most of the time in news. Because of many reasons. So the students, they are very strong whenever they go out through this thing and then whenever they sing their protesting song it's in Hindi.

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Right? So that's how they have been. They have known Hindi for so long, so they're appetite mode of communication and even for asking for rights is in Hindi.

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But there is also growing indigenous artists and their music in which they use this touch of tradition in their melody or they also try to bring the traditional and the modern together to reach the wider audience by trying to meet the taste of the younger generation by the use of guitar and drums and traditional real lyrics, lyrics often by

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including vocals to meet the taste of the older generation. So the artists are trying to reclaim their indigenous and tradition as stated.

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This is also by one correspondent, Mike. Yeah. So in conclusion, I'll just say there are a few others.

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So geopolitics plays an important role. Hello, locating in the geopolitical region plays an important role in determining the type of information and popular culture one will be consuming or will be exposed to.

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And everyday accessibility also plays a great role, major role. It could be taken for granted consumption, but then it plays a great role.

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And performance obviously has a great impact. So reclaiming identity to music in the global era and especially in case of a Nashville we see among the new artists that are budding up in our natural.

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So, yeah, what I also would like to say is symbolic and cultural interaction is very important here in all those pyramids that are going on.

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And the people try to make meaning out of it but in this meaning making process is also very political but at the same time mundane that people don't realize.

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So that's all. Thank you.

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So we will discuss together. So I would like to invite Mr. So, to present his paper on eating eggs.

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Writing. Inter-text tools reference network in American Come to music. Thank you.

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Trained too. So. Okay. Sure.

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Hello and thanks for having me.

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Hello and thanks for having me. I'm Tim Milakari from Nevada State. College, soon to be diversity in the United States.

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And today I'm going to talk about American country music that specifically I'm going to talk about reference networks in American country music.

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And I'm going to talk about the way in which artists reference each other in a way to both position themselves within the field, but we're also going to think about how that more broadly affects how the consuming group then thinks about who they're part of and how the overall cultural space is laid out within an overall society.

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Some of whom consume this type of music some don't. I believe the last presentation. I do think that music consumption and performance ends up often being political and identity forming and performance ends up often being political and identity forming.

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So let's use that as a baseline assumption.

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I suspect most of you are from the United States and even if you're from the United States I suspect you aren't from the United States and even if you're from the United States I suspect you aren't country music consumers.

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So a very quick history of American country music. 1,900 twentys in the United States.

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Everyone is really excited about modernity. And so some traditional backward or folk forms get pushed out of major, like especially urban radio play.

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However, there are some entrepreneurs, especially in the American South, who go about trying to create what they call hillbilly music or other types of rural music in the American West.

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There was a dance hall music called Western swing. There's a guy named Bob Wills who you'll see in a second who was one of its big advocates and performers.

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Into the s. Television started there's a program called the grand old opera that brings this to a wider audience there's a program called the Grand Award that brings this to a wider audience.

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There is a person named Hank Williams. There is a person named Hank Williams who you might be familiar with if you ever saw a person named Hank Williams who you might be familiar with if you ever saw the light which was a movie from the last few years who becomes really famous and then dies which is going to turn out to be good

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for iconicity. And then the 1,900 fiftys and sixtys, American country music gets consolidated as an industry in Nashville, a city in Tennessee, and it has a very friendly sound that reaches out to others.

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It was called Countrypolitan. But in the 1,900 seventys there's a backlash against that by more hardcore country musicians who were going to see in a second reach back to the past.

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In the eightys becomes popular again there's some music, there's some movies that feature them music.

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Darth Brooks and Shania Twain in the 1,900 ninety's sell more records than almost anybody ever had and then in 2,000 we'll see in a second.

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So that's a super quick history of American country music if you're not familiar with it. Let's talk.

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Maybe. How do I advance this?

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How can you do that? I swear I pressed all the buttons. OK. If you have any stereotypes about current American country music they might be right it's largely from the American South.

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More often more conservative. In its listeners than other forms of American music. We can see here country musicians were much more likely to think Donald Trump was doing a good job in office than other forms of musicians.

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Or other fans of other musics. So stereotypes are pretty right, but it wasn't necessarily always the case.

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This is a research from the early 19 seventies. In this case we see it's not. 2 different across the board of anything more liberals than conservatives started or were listening to country music at the time, which is interesting.

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And I want you to think as we go through this presentation about Why looking to the past to define authenticity might inevitably cause a group music to appeal to a group that's more fundamentally conservative.

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So I'm really interested in icons. I'm interested in heroes. I'm interested in people who are referenced to

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Essentially define What a community is, where the boundaries are and what they should be. A prescriptive sense.

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In some ways this is a bit of a Benedict Andersen story where a cultural form becomes widely consumed and it's a It's a mass consumption that then allows it to create a community with in a larger community that thinks of itself as, I don't know if I would say a nation, but they think of themselves

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as the core of the nation.

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The more discrete questions I want to address are first, just descriptively, what are the patterns of references within this music.

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Who are the prominent individuals who are being referenced? And what are the clusters of reference?

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Can we look at different groups looking at the network and say, OK, there are different cultural groups here.

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I'm curious whether these patterns remain stable over time or they change. Then I want to look more internally to the music and see why the artists are doing this or at least why they appear to be doing this, what role are these playing, and then how do these patterns correspond with larger social events.

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You may get there, and I think it's the most interesting part. We may not be only a 15 min.

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So let me tell you about the data. I started out many years ago when I was early in my PhD program trying to do this by going to this music library here, getting a bunch of billboard magazines, painstakingly copying them down, googling all the lyrics.

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I don't know, about a week or 2 in, I had a couple, probably 1,000 observations.

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I couldn't see any direct patterns. I had to decide whether I was going to do this for my, I think, my master's project basically.

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I was terrified that I was going to spend another 6 months getting the rest and have nothing at the end when my hypothesis didn't.

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You know, didn't play out, so I quit. Many years later, I became much better at programming and so I think this is also a pitch for programming.

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I'm actually a data science professor now after being trained as a sociologist. This right here. That 6 months I was gonna take.

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I don't know, it took me probably a couple days to write it with. Figuring out all the unique random problems at the website, then I ran it and it goes out and it collects tens of thousands of things for me.

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I scraped these from the web using R and our best package particularly I took it from Azy Lyrics and cowboy lyrics.

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Azy lyrics is a lyrics and cowboy lyrics. Azy Lyrics is a general lyrics website.

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Cowboy Lyrics. Azy Lyrics is a general lyrics website. Cowboy Lyrics is specific to country and related music to define which ones I was going to use from AZ lyrics.

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I scraped Wikipedia and took every American country singer every American female country singer, which has now been D sex and now it's just American country singers and American country music groups.

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So if I had data from both, I preferred the AZ lyrics data because it was cleaner.

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So overall, the data processing was I then read a little algorithm to go through. See all the names that I had previously.

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Run through all the lyrics. See if they were referenced in other songs. If they were.

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Great. They're down on the list. If not, I continued to go through with a list of partial names and nicknames.

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After doing that, all the references that were Found by my algorithm. I'm or my research assistant manually checked.

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Because country music has some issues. There's a lot of people named Johnny. What person's last thing is cash, which is also a normal word.

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So it's somewhat difficult at times for the algorithm. So it's somewhat difficult at times for the algorithm to tell whether or not this was an artist being referenced at times for the algorithm to tell whether or not this was an artist being referenced or someone that was named John.

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Oh. So, final data set. There are 61,294 unique songs, 1,391 artists and it spanned about almost 70 years.

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They are in these songs. They are about 2,831 references in about 2 and 3 quarter percent of the songs.

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541 artists make references. And 214 references, 214 artists receive references.

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Is this common? Is, I mean, 2% of the songs over 3% of the songs? Is that a lot?

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Let's see how it compares to some other topics that you may think were like to country music.

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They may not. Never heard country music before. So, country music. Let's get some stereotypes here.

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We've got rodeos at only 370 rodeos are like where you ride bucking horses and Try to rope things.

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We have trucks which are referenced even more frequently. Beer? About 2,000. Dogs just a little more regularly and Jesus almost exactly the amount of references as other artists.

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So these are pretty fundamental stereotypical topics in country music and references to other artists turn out to be about as frequent as all them.

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Now, let's look at frequency across time. And here we see it's the trend that really interests me.

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Back in the 19 sixtys. There's almost no references. They're occasional. And in some ways, it's actually Bob Dylan referencing what he got 3.

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Bob Dylan ends up in my data set because he did release a few country albums and so his whole corpus ends up there and you have a couple folk references.

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In the early 19 seventys the starts to change suddenly references come into it and we're going to talk about that momentarily.

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Stays fairly stable through the eightys and ninetys and then takes off in the early 2 thousands as country music tries to find its place within a changing American society after September the eleventh.

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So, this is the whole network. We're going to look at a bunch of network diagrams, but this is the whole network right here.

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We see Hank Williams. I mentioned early country musician died, became an icon. He's the person who's referenced most often overall.

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How many of you are networks people here?

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Okay, so I'll explain these a little bit. In degrees just how many references they received.

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So Hank Williams was referenced the most. Elvis was actually referenced the second. You might not think of Elvis as a country musician.

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He made my list too. He made my list too. He's in the Country Music Hall of Fame.

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I don't think they're necessarily referencing him as a country music hall of fame. I don't think they're necessarily referencing him as a country musician but more as just an American IC Merle Haggard, Willie Nelson, da-da-da-da. Alpha centrality is essentially a weighted measure.

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It means you're getting referenced by other important nodes. Mike Williams is still big. Does anybody make a jump?

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A couple people down here. George Joe Ernest Tub. I don't think even on the other one Bob Wills.

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Bob Wells was the Western swing musician that I'm in. They're referenced by the musicians that I'm in.

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They're referenced by the other important people, the people who are going to start this movement. Between this, between this is So if you have 2 min.

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2 min? Okay. And so We have, here's the important part.

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Right here, we have this jump and we're going to say What is? Who is like, what does this tell us that we wouldn't have known without a network analysis?

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And right here, it's that you have this group. Which I'm gonna show you in a second.

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That starts this references and they turn country backward facing. They introduced this concept that you have a moral delineator or a moral arbiter in the past, particularly with Hank Williams, who they start with and they reference him as saying this is what real country music is.

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Subsequent generations then reference that group from the seventys. Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, Hank Williams, Johnny Cash, is doing the same thing as they pick this up as well.

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And this turns this into kind of a binary back and forth between pop country music and what they see as authentic country music.

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But it also turns it into a backwards-looking form that thinks about this golden age in the past where America was pure and good and these type of people with their stereotypical definitions of masculinity are partially defining that.

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And that's part of what's so interesting to me. We had a little more time. We could discuss how they bring in some other American southern rock musicians who are also in some ways backward facing for the post 2,010 white

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I don't know. Nat White nationalists sounds too extreme, but thinking of this like rural white community and it's historic roots in the American South.

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It absolutely pops. In the network that is right. Here and oddly It's a hip hop group.

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It's a bunch of American country hip-hop artists. Referencing Leopard Skinner and these traditionalist country musicians to say, hey, America's gone weird with its cosmopolitan liberalism.

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This is the definition of our group. And it pops up in these clusters in an interesting way.

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Thank you very much.

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Could you look at it? No, this is a free.

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Good.

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Hello everyone. Welcome to our representation. Today's thanks to all for coming here today. I was such talking in fact we want to share and discuss with you is Good cross-party foundation.

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More lies to important politics. Community. Ultra's nation along ways of culture. As a as representative.

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For example, in a meeting. Trying to speak share resources with them. He's a four-hour-proof-the-mission, comic, and gay.

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This is stunting his content. Still easy to make more users as various Any meeting here to a New York portal.

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Sackville's famous for its inspiration of BUSINESS, that he was famous for its inspiration of BCG culture and industry culture.

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Actually, as their forms of institutions actively debating cultural confession, So now MISSUS is embedded in these platforms can also bring traditional boundaries towards the online disciples.

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Is a classic culture of essentials theory. Portrait-bounders are stillfully constructed.

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People learn to commentates on fences. From similar girls is Irish. Living in Barrett has social status.

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This process, it gradually captures the logic behind the differences or similarities of culture tubes. But digital culture have only damaged this process.

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And turned the emotional artistic as Saturn. So the series are rational and computational and gases.

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Given that the rise of is comprehensively restricting so these admission of cultural Wait a focus on the cross-timer dissemination of Noble.

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Of French musical. Of culture in China. Brings this boundaries and interacts with other troops on horizon backward beating.

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So what did when she was french? And might be a little nervous. French musicals are rich mittens in the 19 eighties.

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In China, a French musical is normally classified as a sort of buy art that is appreciated mostly by hybrid consumers.

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Or at least bench speakers. Before, we take this pointboard of traditional culture to substance theory. As pose for artist has a higher barrier to the tree and is still close to starting a whole parent with mystic In fact, when French musicals were first introduced to China.

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They struggle with the Pope's office due to the public's lack of understanding. I take it presses.

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And language varies. However, Since 2,005. French musicals that did our Chinese alumni board.

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Different online platforms have become excellent values or is desalination. For example, Mozart, Oprah.

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Also officially performed in China in 28. Asking the film, Pimpini as early as twenty-fifty.

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The tries to start a French musicals is also because this engineer is still relatively niche in China.

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And this online dissemination environment is relatively less effective by countries such as pay to commentators, social media votes, and Therefore, disturbing posters still always to make searchures.

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First, come to the horizon of meetings reading that field was presented to a cross during their designation of cultural content.

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So, how to analyze it, how to preserve similarity, association, between sub-caution and as a culture You must have one.

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Alters the influence of advisors. What directions and overlaps occur between French music homes and other culture categories.

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What orange desalination hassles of French musical's poetry features to other culture categories? What are some of the candidates of integration between different culture categories based on about patience.

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The study employs how comprehensive Great, utilizing social network and masses and positive content semantic analysis.

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To combat this lottery research.

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To your data collection stage. Content to search and or contented I'll be meeting using the keyboard or French vehicles.

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After obtaining 891 primary city centers following the snowballs that lingered and slipped back to work with masters proposed by Parliament.

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The syndrome content of genetically disciplined on the north side of primary seems their whole or captured as 76.

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The same method was applied until the team first grade training centers. Please refer to the example provided in this page.

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Because the each video is accompanied by the content similar photos. Additionally, video creators can customize their own minotans.

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We sure are located below theaters. How're performing to noisy in terms of our data.

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Total of 22 and 9 7 849 years and their corresponding information were obtained.

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Including video titles, URLs, tabs and board. The longest time span among these videos is tires.

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During the data collection stage. And showing this page. The study was primarily divided into 2 steps. First step to involve social network and analysis.

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They first they operationalize video tags as culture shapes assigned by quantum crater. So tax war analyzed as Nose.

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Destruction now works structure graph. Was John Richardson, Resulting our own directed graph consisting of 11 main clusters.

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Okay, however, the search network NASA is based on technical clearance.

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So the results count only distinguish clusters and to know to reflect the specific things which represented by each question.

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Or their relationships between hunters. So 4, in order to gain a better understanding of these things is expressed by different clusters and the passers do which the culture features this standard.

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They proceeded to the second step. The stamp involved qualitative content analysis. And the synonymous platomy of video tags and titles within each cluster.

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Firstly, the structure is a content itemized by content craters. And according to them they coded and summarized the text.

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The Walter-cass Boris represented the cultural features contained within each cluster. Well, well specific text represented some cultural traits that constituted a specific culture.

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So subsequently, informing to the social network and lessons graph generated in the previous step as a co-occurrence of tags within different clusters.

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And interconnected graph of culture features for the 11 clusters were created.

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In addition, it should be noted that the content analysis in the second step is combined with clustering results in first time.

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So there is also a thing like Let's move on to the doors. Figure one presents a downward graph.

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Glass treating the code current relationships of tabs related to French musicals or community obtained during this next one.

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As you can see, it is an all directed graph consisting of air colors. It does not reflect the topics represented by each pattern.

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We subsequently performed qualitative counting analysis. And obtains the following favor too. Which shows the destination passes of culture features about different clusters.

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The speaker of vividly presents a logic by which the hypervisor or associates of the world cluster French musical with other clusters.

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As well as those specific passes and candles through which water features of different clusters disseminate output.

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So is that a different color in this figure represents 11 clusters. Mission concusses in various culture can't borders.

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Both cultures and regions such as friends in the UK, the US, China, South Korea and matters.

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So tag content features of French musical videos, Trenton Dise, and Rizon has already intercepted with cultural continent from different countries on the internet.

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You take a trip. I'm melting y in dark loo and indirectly related to a starch keyboard which can be merged as or master of the Cultural Communication Network.

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In figure 2, community employment term blue is directly related to storage keyboard. Which can be regarded as still foreign cluster of culture and communication Oh, 92 in lively.

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And Communist 3 in DARPA are British and American classic musical and Chinese theater beforehand.

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Which points to a different cultural relations of the thin art form as forecaster. The remaining age clusters were more availability of growth or pressure in terms of cultural canto followers.

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We will focus on discussing within the war. Presented 28 9 10 and the

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First wine orange is, Trying to sit in age and local culture. And I find that this pace extends from French musical to historical and cultural background.

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Then to forming changed ties and Chinese image and local culture. Also French musical and China's dating age and local culture seem to be less realistic.

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They are connected by intermediary theaters and to events that act as culture implementation time.

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The step one for all is community line. Laurent and more important. Which was also rather splendid for rotation heads.

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Why is the French music bands and more portraits? After a team at Nasser's, we learned the logic of the association between the 2.

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System platform algorithm cannot distinguish the relationship between the famous Broadway multiple cats and the road path hats for content level.

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Therefore, when commenting in limited content. I still follow the principle of contents and Which means that both contents contain the word cat.

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And sort of it's Lloyd-culture for his British and American baseball industry.

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Finally, the community. East pose video marshal and stretchers vision grain and community level.

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Hence an enemy and figure skating. Which is correct. Are also interested in pathos by communication.

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Logic as the association between the core community French musical. And these 2 commentators is that So both culture and headquarters.

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Have ballroomed 2 cultural features of French workers. Namely, classic bench rector and historical and culture backgrounds.

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This is similar to a great college stressed by Birmingham School in extending the formation of supporters.

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But there are also some of mills to dresses. Yes, but both Mr. Spinans, which are also Baldwin allegiance.

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Albert and Waltwick examined the future of some cultural binaries to different cultural actors of beauty.

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Such as working at a very classic bell-man TV series. 10 is enemy and a figure skating.

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These ports. Chinese-compantee serious antidotes. Papa culture, Chinese city images and beautiful atrocity.

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7. This algorithm enveloped cross-generated establishment Canada. It's not built by the perception of our engineers.

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But on the Tetra-smantic Association of Vigotams. Generated by content creators.

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The most one is in this process. The user generated culture and tax. Directly. Russia's definition as a state nation.

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Classification criterion of as a cultural categories to which the Indians belong. And the algorithms association and their foundation mechanism.

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For similar content. Closer promotes where the fusion of water cultural features to other culture categories.

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All means a phenomenon of gross significance. As always, thank you for your attention and we welcome and thank you for your attention and we will come and affections or comments you may have.

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Very much.

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So please.

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Are you there?

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Yes, I knew, but, could you stop the screen share?

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Okay, I stop sharing

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Yes.

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The Zoom session. Set your phone. Please wait a little bit.

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Is it So 10,000.

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I can find it, but what I think that I can do with ULB is that I can, because I have the slides here.

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So if you give me some directions to change, I can do it for you. Do you agree?

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Okay, okay. It's okay.

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All right, let's do it that way.

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Okay. I guess that. So, hello everyone. Today I will present, part of my master's uses actually.

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It's about popular music and it's relation with the resistance. For the background of study we can change the slides by the way

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While I was writing my master thesis, Red Music was, they are popular and update of issued.

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Okay.

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And 2 factors are actually important, for this popularity. The first one is the digital streaming, as the access to the music at this year, the diverse team, the music, became visible.

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And the second factor is that Turkish political economic and social problems have influence particularly young people's interest in music.

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Because the concerns of young people have let them to listen to And they have to say that examples was the, his album was an indicator of the, new urban environment and problems.

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And this Adam, embrace the new service link. Another one was the collaboration consisted of, 19 artists.

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Yes.

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And the song, was called Someone. Which means, I can stay silent, in English and this song extras the social issues are related to various subjects.

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Are ranging from climate change to poverty and domestic violence in 2,018 as I was arrested on charges of encouraging and facilitating reviews and he was sentenced to 20 months in 2,018 and he moved to Berlin next year.

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He still lives there for the collaboration work to someone one of the program tablet it's labeled to serve as a terrorist core production.

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Yeah.

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Then the questions and ISIS, why is there nice in the track shared music? And what about the changes in?

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So to share music. So. We can change the slide.

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Okay.

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The research question of this study is how has it resistance intercept music transform within the group of and the aim is to reveal different aspects of resistance in Turkey by referring to individual and social components of this music.

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And this study are used there to reference it does not have to be political and the assumption of the fact that the reps should be protocol.

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This is the best possibility of opposition in Iraq.

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Methodology we can change the slide. This study is the Quotator research with, some structure interviews and participant observation, to serve the purpose of study I selected some structure interiors as the major data collection methods.

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And 14 interviews were conducted, with chapters who may track music professionally or unprofessionally.

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And identified themselves as repose. And 4 of them. Were female interviewers. For the central process of the studies mobile sampling and purposes sampling And these separate methods, were not meant to generate a representative sample.

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Or rather they end to present cover of diversity of the people, related to rap music and hippo culture.

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And the internet is age at time of the interview range from 19 to 33. With the medium of and then they move on to the root software music we can change the slide head music, that started with the house and state parties.

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Had a turning point in its relation with the music industry at the end of the seventies and reference rights released by the Shuber Hill Yank.

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Became the first song which gained commercial success by 7 millions and after this commercial success the, opposition connectives to go to Jep, make a splash.

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In 1,982 the Grandmaster Fleisch and first 5 released as a single name message.

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So this music has potential for being positional and it is also a commercial site. For the historical flow of talk ship music we can change the slide again the rules of Turkish music can meet respect to Germany.

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And the experiences of the second and third generation migrants who migrated from Turkey to Germany.

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These migrants tried for economic social difficulties such as unemployment or racial discrimination. And the rise of rap music came on, young migrants coincided with the expense of in Germany after the fall of Berlin.

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The most prominent riots were Eastern for and cartel at the time of this rising debt visit among the Turkish migrants.

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And the second way, began in the early 2 thousands in Turkey. This time it was originally made in Tokyo.

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And musicality, the more mature in the way so in the songs of Istanbul, Bon, artist, but political and social criticism was not obvious anymore.

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Jazz, for example, is a child of a middle class family and his music, would be defined as periodic trip, later because of its, middle class chamber background.

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With the third wave there in the past 3 years in Turkey, represented especially by Ezra.

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Turkship is now deeper, in substance and more diverse in variety. In the storage way, and notice the form of uncompromising criticism and protest that fits well.

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Okay.

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With the strong traditional folk sock poetry in Anatolia and can we see

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And theoretically, we can also change the slide. I use mostly the British culture studies arguments and but I also looked at the the fact that I studied.

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Not sure I think it.

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Previously, let me see it, within the context of performance resistance, migration, resistance, migration and urban studies.

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Yeah.

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For the significance of my study, we can also change the slide. Firstly, issues considering the, role of resistance within the context of the transition of Turkish music have not been materialized.

336
00:59:09.000 --> 00:59:30.000
And secondly, this study aims to broaden the perspective of the resistance by considering the, the postulation with the music industry.

337
00:59:30.000 --> 00:59:37.000
And finally, the literature on female, rappers is insufficient in So, so then I move on to.

338
00:59:37.000 --> 00:59:51.000
Do findings and there are 3 important prospects Firstly, the importals of the top shared music journey from Germany to Turkey.

339
00:59:51.000 --> 01:00:04.000
Is important in the emergence of touch German lab, the specific neighborhood such as, became important and you represent some of the migrants.

340
01:00:04.000 --> 01:00:07.000
Expended particularly in the ghettos. I get those, where the indicators of expiration, discrimination and economic problems.

341
01:00:07.000 --> 01:00:37.000
However, most of the, early pioneer soft Turkish music in Turkey and had sufficient pick on power to obtain the necessary acoustics for in the early 2,000 it was not easy to have this materials hence they were not actually used from the ghettos as in the.

342
01:00:39.000 --> 01:00:50.000
Germany. And the second, aspect is that the resource of the descent in, music, is not unilateral.

343
01:00:50.000 --> 01:00:57.000
So the rage has no limits. The resource of being a positional can derive from Not only social and political problems but also the everyday life problems.

344
01:00:57.000 --> 01:01:19.000
The subjects considered as ordinary can also show dissent. Or it can be a social critic. And there's a resistant characteristic in Turkish music, but, it's ambiguous that they're distributed and we attempt to do.

345
01:01:19.000 --> 01:01:26.000
Okay.

346
01:01:26.000 --> 01:01:27.000
Thank you.

347
01:01:27.000 --> 01:01:30.000
So there's an enc that cannot realize itself. Then the stage rebellion that cannot find how to And finally.

348
01:01:30.000 --> 01:01:31.000
Yeah.

349
01:01:31.000 --> 01:01:37.000
There's a music industry part, in order to earn from making, music.

350
01:01:37.000 --> 01:01:49.000
Most of the rappers need to be listed by a considerable amount of people. Then the risk of the articulation into the popular culture.

351
01:01:49.000 --> 01:02:07.000
And the The Japanese do not have to be signed to a label in order to release their albums due to the existence of particular screening, even though the MCs are not subjected, as to the labels they use today.

352
01:02:07.000 --> 01:02:21.000
And support her label, can help them. To be listened to by more audiences and hence a lot with the rage against the social and economic problems in Turkish music.

353
01:02:21.000 --> 01:02:29.000
And there are also struggles to strive in the music industry. In the case of female Limpses.

354
01:02:29.000 --> 01:02:42.000
This also, important aspects. These female MCs, Try hard and not to boost their control over.

355
01:02:42.000 --> 01:02:54.000
Music but also not to lose their control over their body because sometimes the labels in the female MCs so much so that they might ask.

356
01:02:54.000 --> 01:03:13.000
These, female NCs to change their style or So. Wow, considering resistance in Turkish music case and there are different directions.

357
01:03:13.000 --> 01:03:30.000
For the resistance so for the Turkish case then costing the resistance is to also look at the way of production the relation with the music industry.

358
01:03:30.000 --> 01:03:42.000
And the everyday life. Problems because most of the everyday everyday life problems are also related to social and political problems.

359
01:03:42.000 --> 01:04:01.000
And here it is my differences thank you for your attention And thank you for the support.

360
01:04:01.000 --> 01:04:12.000
Thank you with

361
01:04:12.000 --> 01:04:18.000
Oh. He just had to skate.

362
01:04:18.000 --> 01:04:24.000
Yeah. It's okay. It's okay. I also activate gallery view so that presenter's picture should appear on the screen.

363
01:04:24.000 --> 01:04:39.000
Yeah, now that was confided because I was missing the zoom controls so I wasn't able to to live here. You don't have a volunteer in here.

364
01:04:39.000 --> 01:04:45.000
I'm so sorry. No, no, I'm volunteering myself though. Okay, we appreciate it.

365
01:04:45.000 --> 01:04:50.000
So we want to get everybody on the screen here. Yeah. And They were missing. Thank you.

366
01:04:50.000 --> 01:04:57.000
We are missing one more, right? One more. One more. And that is Eubai Lee.

367
01:04:57.000 --> 01:05:09.000
We like you. Thank you. So please.

368
01:05:09.000 --> 01:05:19.000
Hi. Hi, I need to put my put my PPT on the screen so I need to send me the moment.

369
01:05:19.000 --> 01:05:20.000
To.

370
01:05:20.000 --> 01:05:25.000
You have a green screen down in your Zoom session that is share screen.

371
01:05:25.000 --> 01:05:27.000
Yeah, yeah, yeah.

372
01:05:27.000 --> 01:05:30.000
So you can share your presentation and we can. Yeah.

373
01:05:30.000 --> 01:05:33.000
Okay.

374
01:05:33.000 --> 01:05:50.000
I can give you more than a minute.

375
01:05:50.000 --> 01:05:53.000
She did have fish.

376
01:05:53.000 --> 01:05:57.000
I think there is some network problems.

377
01:05:57.000 --> 01:06:09.000
Because I think that we don't have a hers here Not on the next of shapes.

378
01:06:09.000 --> 01:06:11.000
Yes.

379
01:06:11.000 --> 01:06:18.000
Hi, now I'm back and I want to share my presentation.

380
01:06:18.000 --> 01:06:19.000
She, yeah, now you have it.

381
01:06:19.000 --> 01:06:28.000
So, okay, good morning everybody. I am you by and I come from the department of sociology at Chiman University.

382
01:06:28.000 --> 01:06:34.000
I'm really excited to be here. I have the opportunity. To share my research with all of you.

383
01:06:34.000 --> 01:06:47.000
I will soon be starting my doctor studies either Department of Sociology, University of Edinburgh. So today I want to talk about the ambient regions changed about that DRM music in China and Hong Kong.

384
01:06:47.000 --> 01:06:56.000
Firstly, I want to clarify what I want to talk about. My research is not about How are you?

385
01:06:56.000 --> 01:07:11.000
Well, how MJ could mobilize the US into the social moments. Instead, I want to tell about a different story, what the So how do I have the IR music connects extraordinary movements with the everyday life?

386
01:07:11.000 --> 01:07:26.000
In the worst of, I mean, 28 understanding how music acts as a mediator and neighboring in the video to draw on counter resource is from their dating that within the frame processes of social movements.

387
01:07:26.000 --> 01:07:35.000
So my is how does certain casual works process the power to check the beliefs and the behaviors that they're back contributing to this.

388
01:07:35.000 --> 01:07:46.000
Significant staff work at such a moment. Additionally, I want to talk about how this was going together, the local interest local identities.

389
01:07:46.000 --> 01:07:55.000
They are actually the locust movements in Hong Kong is somehow, be built as an identity movement.

390
01:07:55.000 --> 01:08:05.000
They want to other case for the preservation of based on. Platical autonomy and the culture identity from mainland China.

391
01:08:05.000 --> 01:08:24.000
So over the past decade there has been a rise in local identity discourses in Hong Kong, particularly in terms of the connection between the culture and the So the locally and the self-determination can give give right to the local identity movements.

392
01:08:24.000 --> 01:08:30.000
Increase, the in critical areas. Sure, that's you are in the radios in mainland China.

393
01:08:30.000 --> 01:08:33.000
That's your status. I'll work in Hong Kong. Also demonstrate their support within the online or offline communities.

394
01:08:33.000 --> 01:09:03.000
It's how interesting and surprising because they even participate in the in the movements in Hong Kong in 2019 because you know the students in the I'm trying to generally have that uploading view towards localization movements in Hong Kong because they think they want to be independent and they show their obligation to China.

395
01:09:07.000 --> 01:09:25.000
I actually music played a significant role in 2090 movements. For example, the sound through hear the people being served as a symbol to take the music as a practical form of knowledge through reaching individuals, engaging in social movements.

396
01:09:25.000 --> 01:09:36.000
I want to expand the performance and lyrics of local music that symbolizes the local editing based on the mobilization among the local and non-local.

397
01:09:36.000 --> 01:10:00.000
So I want to conduct a case study focused on my little airport is a Hong Kong engineer. And the year musical is about the everyday life of the yawns about the food relationship in the city it's a suburban experience I the year, about the social issues.

398
01:10:00.000 --> 01:10:15.000
So I want to talk about how do I best and their audience events a paramedic approach to the music we characterize the bands and the real resistance towards political authorities and social injustice.

399
01:10:15.000 --> 01:10:30.000
I want to tell about how the performance and test of the music. Symbolizes these kind of relationship. How could they practice, this career?

400
01:10:30.000 --> 01:10:50.000
Is a picture of this out of this bank in their live. So from the literature, you know, from the culture to within the 2019, the process of the meaning making process have emerged as a crucial improvement in the social movements.

401
01:10:50.000 --> 01:10:59.000
15 from, the moment to count to less. They're just encompassing the mobilization for action.

402
01:10:59.000 --> 01:11:11.000
The meaning of the events for predictable participants, structured liners and stuff like that. So social movements have historically engaging in casual work for 2 purposes.

403
01:11:11.000 --> 01:11:22.000
To pursue outsiders to adapt new beliefs or ideology that recruit new members or to strengthen the solidarity of existing members.

404
01:11:22.000 --> 01:11:44.000
To undercore the cultural autonomy within resistance. It is important to extend how this drag go for symbols and meaning activities or I intended So the pressure studies had it explored how this process could dynamic embedded in social and cultural context.

405
01:11:44.000 --> 01:11:56.000
I highlighting the protection of meaning is crucial. However, the cultural interplay is in the political process and everything left its periods has been generally overlooked.

406
01:11:56.000 --> 01:12:05.000
I'm music. Music serve as a Me, between the emotion, everyday life and political process.

407
01:12:05.000 --> 01:12:11.000
It provides seams meaning and the sense of connections to individuals. I think the relationship between music and the social moments.

408
01:12:11.000 --> 01:12:20.000
One lot of research focuses on how they could, how they could, enable to help people to sense the political.

409
01:12:20.000 --> 01:12:31.000
Postpone possibilities even before the moments it. It's for the mobilizing, you know, of strongly filled emotion active region.

410
01:12:31.000 --> 01:12:33.000
You know, strongly filled in motion activism. Another body of research highlights a social relationship invited in the counterparts.

411
01:12:33.000 --> 01:12:45.000
And another body of research highlights a social relationship invited in the counter practice. Another body of research highlights the social relationship invited in the counter practice.

412
01:12:45.000 --> 01:12:49.000
In this study I want to talk about

413
01:12:49.000 --> 01:13:01.000
Oh, now the music resistance could manufacture itself. Ice are at active view and mediation between these.

414
01:13:01.000 --> 01:13:13.000
Between these relationships. So the process between the getting spines and notions of harmful narratives are parallel in this studies.

415
01:13:13.000 --> 01:13:41.000
So in this study I want to talk about. The. Relationships about how made it how many there could be a mediator between the local and non local and I just use the qualitative research methods such as the semi-structured individuals at a tablet connections through personal social network public recruits and engaging with individuals

416
01:13:41.000 --> 01:14:00.000
featured in immediate reports. This research participation was called it and analyzed using the, approach RTD in, and here are the general information about the pro interviews.

417
01:14:00.000 --> 01:14:23.000
And my data can be called into these 3 parts. How to contact them the emotion narrative, how they, how to constructing the framing process and how the the narrow meeting and naturalizing the field of characterizations about the first part.

418
01:14:23.000 --> 01:14:34.000
The, music just mobilizing people with the emotion. Their protect these cars about mobilization.

419
01:14:34.000 --> 01:14:42.000
Mobilization is through the shared emotion derived from everyday life. And it's pricing their in general.

420
01:14:42.000 --> 01:14:49.000
In general, in motion, I influenced. In general, emotion I influenced, I there manifest socially suits or language and singles become.

421
01:14:49.000 --> 01:15:12.000
And defense law and this will come next about 2 months old. It can be portraits. So the emotion in the year, Total Works, refers to the overall effective admin in the process of contact verification during strategic discourses, including local identity, the experience of the relationships in the mental polis.

422
01:15:12.000 --> 01:15:39.000
And the anger towards the social class region and their sense of idealism to the actual words. So this I don't wanna only service the foundation of their mobilization and it's also function as the foundation of their mobilization and it's also function as the as the tool to come to complete their message to the to their

423
01:15:39.000 --> 01:15:43.000
customers.

424
01:15:43.000 --> 01:16:00.000
They'll analog the activities into action. They'll like updated. They just followed populist career and they send their songs about the Mali to airport credentials and collective behaviors.

425
01:16:00.000 --> 01:16:06.000
And they send their songs about the Mali to airport credits, the social issues and collective behaviors in a surveillance manner.

426
01:16:06.000 --> 01:16:26.000
They rarely express political videos directly, but instead of they adopt a humorous approach to the individual perspective. Just in this, just in this, it's can be used as a symbol in the social movements, but it's just about how young people want to have a dinner together.

427
01:16:26.000 --> 01:16:44.000
Fine the musical test contribute to the formation of a collective territorial at by repetitive portrait the urban landscapes and leaking linkings into their personal emotions of social movements.

428
01:16:44.000 --> 01:16:55.000
Thereby strengthening young people's connection to the place. In this part the story about to interview is Samar and Maggie.

429
01:16:55.000 --> 01:17:08.000
Preservation and utilization of the cultural resources provided by this bank reflects the for the interaction of time space and personal information.

430
01:17:08.000 --> 01:17:15.000
Do not in there. They just want to tell about their perspective is grassroots is from from down to top.

431
01:17:15.000 --> 01:17:23.000
It's not a bouncy at least places in Hong Kong is about the common people's common life.

432
01:17:23.000 --> 01:17:38.000
Dear Sorry, talk about It's a, Hi, has had a mobilization. Some of the Let's do this email and China.

433
01:17:38.000 --> 01:17:47.000
Who generally develops and interest in social movements and their age perspectives and even persists, in them.

434
01:17:47.000 --> 01:17:55.000
How does it work? Firstly, some of the, how does it work? Firstly, some of the best that's directly references social movements in Hong Kong.

435
01:17:55.000 --> 01:18:02.000
See, I'm so shape a general sense of civic identity that in the geological boundaries secondary.

436
01:18:02.000 --> 01:18:17.000
So, they, they can, they contract the nephew of Hong Kong and we're taking its urban territory through the social events or its work, it's changed behind the portrait of social movements or events and encompass this section of the living condition of young people in Hong Kong.

437
01:18:17.000 --> 01:18:39.000
So they just. Hey, just like everyone to talk about their own urban landscape, their own life. And, it's cultural work just want to construct.

438
01:18:39.000 --> 01:18:46.000
Into the political events.

439
01:18:46.000 --> 01:18:51.000
I into radio and collective respondents and take they may take this specific action based on their interpretation of the events.

440
01:18:51.000 --> 01:19:07.000
Using the symbolic system of understanding their So in this series I want to emphasize the contextual and explorative natural of history or lost region.

441
01:19:07.000 --> 01:19:18.000
How many do you want from the narrative of political events as linked to the past political events, the cultural phenomena and limited her work.

442
01:19:18.000 --> 01:19:31.000
The narrative can be to be hard to test and also mobilizes that in the radio and a cultural level by attributing the political implications of everyday life.

443
01:19:31.000 --> 01:19:38.000
They connect the personal experience and political events in their works.

444
01:19:38.000 --> 01:20:07.000
To want to explain the symbols of political situation in culture. And connect them to border political and How to events as well as everyday life since the symbols are just So the construction at the main depends on so machine needs enough individuals and collective interpretation of experience using the established culture models.

445
01:20:07.000 --> 01:20:15.000
However, the room at the culture resistance along with at the village form of resistance of the IR music.

446
01:20:15.000 --> 01:20:24.000
Has also led to some unintended consequences such as a mismatch between the structure opportunities and perceives.

447
01:20:24.000 --> 01:20:30.000
Up opportunities. Mining potential predictors are in eager to showcase their real points, experience and motions online offline.

448
01:20:30.000 --> 01:20:45.000
That's only a small friction of them. I'm willing to actively participate in the movements.

449
01:20:45.000 --> 01:21:07.000
So in the so the interviewee, right? Just feel confused because of choosing. And so many people want to talk about these sounds, they sing those and they show their anger online but they just don't want to participate in the movements.

450
01:21:07.000 --> 01:21:21.000
In, I want to talk about how music or discourse and the registered politics in Hong Kong involves non-local discourse and the registered politics in Hong Kong involves non-local discourse and the registered politics in Hong Kong involves non-local yells describing history possible machine iss.

451
01:21:21.000 --> 01:21:35.000
High words, the Act was based in everyday life is more complex. Are in in detail. Each machine medium embodies a different factor of the everyday language which is characterized by significant tension.

452
01:21:35.000 --> 01:21:45.000
It's on is the Let's do the other music allows a true emergency update meaning their implementation continue to pressure their Korea to demonstrated the meaning arise.

453
01:21:45.000 --> 01:21:56.000
They demonstrated the meaning arise from the interaction between the meaning arise from the interaction between the meaning arise from the interaction between the culture works or very influenced and the human.

454
01:21:56.000 --> 01:22:10.000
And the human resistance. The difference. It's Actions and, CON,, are, they, just, codes, they, produce, their, aluminium, within these, culture works.

455
01:22:10.000 --> 01:22:18.000
Okay, thank you.

456
01:22:18.000 --> 01:22:37.000
So I will now invite That's the to initiate the distancing. If it's all right, since we only have 20 min left, I'm happy to abdicate my responsibilities.

457
01:22:37.000 --> 01:23:01.000
Oh. That was a wonderful set of presentations and I thought it extremely interesting across them. I thought the way in which each of them in their own way discussed the way a cultural form was imported to a different place within music, linked them together and the idea of the different ways in which music can serve a political purpose.

458
01:23:01.000 --> 01:23:05.000
But we only have about what, 21 min? Helen, what? So why don't we?

459
01:23:05.000 --> 01:23:21.000
I am suggesting that since we have a limited time I left. Okay, I will comment. 1 s.

460
01:23:21.000 --> 01:23:27.000
Let me grab minutes.

461
01:23:27.000 --> 01:23:43.000
Thank you. I, as I said, I really enjoyed them all. I thought it was particularly fascinating the way in which They did put the idea of musical form as being something that was transportable between places and the consequences that has.

462
01:23:43.000 --> 01:24:03.000
In some ways, I think my paper had that least but even in that case It's true. At the beginning, I was very curious in the way in which they, Aren't Shul Pradesh as The students especially, who did they think of?

463
01:24:03.000 --> 01:24:13.000
Hindi as being a political statement that they used it versus the local version of Hindi. So that was fascinating to me.

464
01:24:13.000 --> 01:24:26.000
Is is the group with the algorithms? The zoom chat that did the pre-recorded one if it is I thought it was particularly fascinating in the way in which it overlapped with figure skating because in some ways we could see a connection there.

465
01:24:26.000 --> 01:24:49.000
The conclusion to me seemed to be that it was just textual similarity that the algorithm brought together and that made sense in the case of cats but it didn't totally make sense to me in the case of the especially the figure skating which where there could be potentially musical overlap in the sense the choices of songs used could very much.

466
01:24:49.000 --> 01:24:58.000
Overlap. In rap music I wanted to hear a tiny bit more about there was a discussion that it was seen as a journey from Germany back.

467
01:24:58.000 --> 01:25:21.000
To Turkey, I have seen other social research on the way in which Turks in Germany have cope with their essentially exclusion from part of society through music, but the idea that this was then being reinforced to Turkey and that music scene was fascinating and I thought it was worth even more discussion though obviously these are short so we couldn't

468
01:25:21.000 --> 01:25:33.000
get too into depth. And when we're talking about indie music, the trans local was one of the things that I thought, again, super interesting.

469
01:25:33.000 --> 01:25:39.000
I was curious which part of the indie tradition they were pulling from before they started to build their own local community.

470
01:25:39.000 --> 01:25:47.000
You referenced Paddington Smith and a number of other quotes and There are some with indie.

471
01:25:47.000 --> 01:26:07.000
It's really interesting that there are some indie communities that are a long tradition of political activism, some that would disavow it, though I thought it was interesting to think about whether that's possible as you elegantly show, there is a sense of building identity even within things that aren't overtly political that then can serve

472
01:26:07.000 --> 01:26:22.000
as a sense of community formation. So I was fascinated by that and wanted to know a little bit about how they see themselves in that lineage or whether it's just not something they ever think about.

473
01:26:22.000 --> 01:26:23.000
Thank you very much. Hello.

474
01:26:23.000 --> 01:26:33.000
No, thank you. I think it is just a the issue it is. You know, I like tidy up a building.

475
01:26:33.000 --> 01:26:41.000
They are just can be served by some icon. This one is a in device. So they just want to. This one is a inbine.

476
01:26:41.000 --> 01:26:51.000
So they just want to express their valence. So they just want to express their valium and, at different people from their, different people from their, different, laughing curious kind of, and, and, and, different people from their, different, laughing curious kind of

477
01:26:51.000 --> 01:26:54.000
code there, you know, DECKERIANS can decode their, you know, deco their, you know, deco Expression in different ways.

478
01:26:54.000 --> 01:26:58.000
Some of the youngsters students just in the are at workators and they are They just purchase it. They are participators of the social movements.

479
01:26:58.000 --> 01:27:03.000
I am not the student. Just think about, do you just want to show their anger and their emotions?

480
01:27:03.000 --> 01:27:31.000
They are not related and they don't want to exp their political expressions and in their See just don't want to talk about the political Poly stuff like they don't want to talk about the people and the city and what we should fight for.

481
01:27:31.000 --> 01:27:42.000
They just want talking about the love and to. Twist the audience may now may go together to the streets.

482
01:27:42.000 --> 01:27:52.000
They just want to talk about these things. So I think this is the interesting of their band. So

483
01:27:52.000 --> 01:27:53.000
Hi.

484
01:27:53.000 --> 01:28:06.000
Okay. Thank you. Wait here there are many questions here from the participants here. Okay, so now it's open for discussion any question.

485
01:28:06.000 --> 01:28:23.000
Yeah. Oh, very good. Very quick comment. I think what unites a lot of the papers particularly by, very, very quick comment.

486
01:28:23.000 --> 01:28:44.000
I think what unites a lot of the papers, particularly by UBay and Erin was recognising that music doesn't have to be political and to be critical and that's a real problem in a lot of the scholarship, particularly on hip hop.

487
01:28:44.000 --> 01:28:45.000
Yeah.

488
01:28:45.000 --> 01:28:47.000
Trying to impose these political paradigms. In a sense, authenticity right similar to what Tim was talking about before so I think recognizing that We devalue the music when we impose those political expectations in our scholarship.

489
01:28:47.000 --> 01:29:11.000
They were really important. Critical points to make. I have a question for Tim. Around this idea of the political ideology that you want to make use of for understanding what's going on in country music.

490
01:29:11.000 --> 01:29:25.000
The work that I found very valuable in the work that I did on contemporary Christian music and punk was the work of the sociologist and theologian tech sample.

491
01:29:25.000 --> 01:29:33.000
A book of his called White Soul. On country music and he uses the term populist traditionalism.

492
01:29:33.000 --> 01:29:45.000
To try to explain what's going on in country music. So it's an idea that a populist traditionalism it's it's hostile to the the modern state.

493
01:29:45.000 --> 01:30:00.000
It's also hostile to business. What it wants is a kind of That sort of ordinary individual, like a sort of a Hank Williams character, but someone who is also made accountable by community.

494
01:30:00.000 --> 01:30:13.000
So it's this profound discomfort in a sense with with modernity. So I wonder if that idea of populist tradition is in a text sample might be useful for understanding what's going on in country music.

495
01:30:13.000 --> 01:30:30.000
Thank you. No, actually that sounds great. And it would be really interesting to see the way in which you see who these newer artists choose to pull into that, which isn't necessarily from the same musical fold, which isn't necessarily from the same musical fold, but might, which isn't necessarily from the same musical fold, but might be explained by that particular

496
01:30:30.000 --> 01:30:39.000
discomfort. And the way in which they choose then to highlight certain elements within it. So thank you very much.

497
01:30:39.000 --> 01:30:42.000
Any more?

498
01:30:42.000 --> 01:30:47.000
Yes.

499
01:30:47.000 --> 01:30:57.000
Yeah, for you Mrs. Lee. I love your work and I'm also working with, NFL movements.

500
01:30:57.000 --> 01:31:11.000
I was working with the Chilean movement and the kind of songs. I was working with the Chilean movement and the kind of sons that they recovered from their own political movement that they recovered from their own political movement that they got at their own political movement that they got at the sixtys and now when they turn back to the streets at 2,000 and now when they turn back to the streets at 2,000 and

501
01:31:11.000 --> 01:31:35.000
19 They found that some relationships between the songs that they've used when they got on the streets. But what I find interesting is that you're not just into what the people at the streets are singing that you are also looking into what are the people that are not necessarily on the streets.

502
01:31:35.000 --> 01:31:53.000
Are singing. So my question is how you are relating this stuff, the people, the sons that maybe are sung during the protest and the songs that people are using as political flag for the umbrella movement and all that stuff.

503
01:31:53.000 --> 01:32:05.000
Thank you. Any more? So I have one question. Professor Elvis.

504
01:32:05.000 --> 01:32:21.000
Elvis that in your paper you just referred that you interviewed 14 respondents. Out of 14 4 were women.

505
01:32:21.000 --> 01:32:22.000
Yeah.

506
01:32:22.000 --> 01:32:28.000
Okay, and age is A is 10 to 33, but if I am right. Okay.

507
01:32:28.000 --> 01:32:29.000
There's a mistake, in the slides. So I changed it, later.

508
01:32:29.000 --> 01:32:33.000
I submitted it.

509
01:32:33.000 --> 01:32:41.000
Now, you, you told, you told that you have taken 14 respondents.

510
01:32:41.000 --> 01:32:42.000
Yes.

511
01:32:42.000 --> 01:32:46.000
Part interview out of 14 4 were women

512
01:32:46.000 --> 01:32:47.000
Yes, that's right. Yes, that's it.

513
01:32:47.000 --> 01:32:54.000
Okay, and the age is 10 to 33. If I remember truly, right? Okay

514
01:32:54.000 --> 01:33:01.000
Yes. In the slides, it's written that they turned to 33, but it should be 19 to 33.

515
01:33:01.000 --> 01:33:12.000
So I changed it. After I start.

516
01:33:12.000 --> 01:33:13.000
Yes.

517
01:33:13.000 --> 01:33:20.000
In any way. If it is the condition then your data is very you know microscopic data on the basis of this I think you used the exploratory research design, okay?

518
01:33:20.000 --> 01:33:33.000
Okay, if it is exploratory in nature then being a student of sociology I am interested what did you explode far further study.

519
01:33:33.000 --> 01:33:37.000
So for the.

520
01:33:37.000 --> 01:33:41.000
Since it's a, kind of a medical study.

521
01:33:41.000 --> 01:33:57.000
You got my point, it is methodological question. Okay, your data is my microscopy that shows that you have used what I feel you have exploratory research.

522
01:33:57.000 --> 01:33:58.000
Okay.

523
01:33:58.000 --> 01:34:09.000
Okay, if it is expiry tree, then what did you explore far further the study being a student of sociology I am interested to know this.

524
01:34:09.000 --> 01:34:10.000
Okay.

525
01:34:10.000 --> 01:34:29.000
Okay Okay. Second, just I, my question is with you that you talked about the Northeast particularly are radical for this and the social setup up northeast is that that mostly the region is dominated by Christianity.

526
01:34:29.000 --> 01:34:37.000
No, no, no. With this time Christian. If you can predict your question.

527
01:34:37.000 --> 01:34:52.000
Yeah, do you become careful? Most of the population put this good large beast. No, not CC, Reports and even NARTHDAY.

528
01:34:52.000 --> 01:35:00.000
Population of large piece is You know mostly they believe the Christianity.

529
01:35:00.000 --> 01:35:17.000
Not least. Total. Percentage in look dominated by apart from some state like my garlic.

530
01:35:17.000 --> 01:35:30.000
Anyway, anyway, then it is relevant. Just I am interested to okay no no no problem but Auroraal has its own local culture also.

531
01:35:30.000 --> 01:35:55.000
A part from the you know the Indian culture what I recall if you see the freedom moment, mostly this freedom moment was promoted and participated by you know middle class visionary earlier if you recall the work of where they And mostly they are educated fighters who are educated but is educated.

532
01:35:55.000 --> 01:36:09.000
Educated Europe. You know, for sons they participated. Directly are in directory those participated they are influenced by these people Which is strange, okay.

533
01:36:09.000 --> 01:36:30.000
So, the you know nationalism was the circular And you are just saying that Hindu nationalism Okay, and and they are promoted by you told that BJP and RSS workers through songs and made organizers, right?

534
01:36:30.000 --> 01:36:37.000
So, what about the local forces? Yeah, Runacher, is there any encounter? If it is there, encounter are you please they encounter are you know assimilation, they encounter are you know assimilation though I mean how they articulate with each other.

535
01:36:37.000 --> 01:36:58.000
I mean how they articulate with each other. So I mean how they articulate with each other. So, so, so, so, so, so, so, so, Now I would invite Professor Weapons in.

536
01:36:58.000 --> 01:37:26.000
He is a professor of globalization. I think first professor in University of Alabama, India. So I invite Professor SIM to, you know, comment final comment as well as to conclude the session.

537
01:37:26.000 --> 01:37:43.000
Thank you, Professor Akassi, to invite me. To the section. It is my pleasure to to respond and to make my observation on this session.

538
01:37:43.000 --> 01:37:47.000
First of all, I would like to

539
01:37:47.000 --> 01:38:03.000
Forment on the very first people, dealing with the music and everyday life perspective and she has focused on the northeastern state that is around natural Pradesh.

540
01:38:03.000 --> 01:38:23.000
And, you referred about television, you know. Growth of television in that part. And, but I would like to draw your attention because I have worked in Rachael Pradesh in 1,985.

541
01:38:23.000 --> 01:38:32.000
Even at that time. The Hindi was predominant language in our natural Pradesh. And in the cinema.

542
01:38:32.000 --> 01:38:43.000
Was very very popular. In every corner of our natural predation and there were very few cinema halls in the major cities.

543
01:38:43.000 --> 01:38:51.000
I stayed in Bombaya and Bombilla was having one cater. And, in the movies, were.

544
01:38:51.000 --> 01:39:01.000
Being showed there but apart from that a very new important type of phenomenon I observed there and I'm talking of 1,985.

545
01:39:01.000 --> 01:39:11.000
Okay, long back. It was the concept of video parlors. The video parlors for a small about capacity of 50 persons.

546
01:39:11.000 --> 01:39:20.000
And they we were using VCR and through video caches they were organizing shows of Hindi cinema.

547
01:39:20.000 --> 01:39:25.000
So, Hindi cinema was a very popular in Nashir population from very big ring.

548
01:39:25.000 --> 01:39:33.000
It is not a new phenomenon. So this is the one important fact and even in a in a block.

549
01:39:33.000 --> 01:39:46.000
That is CD block that is sub-divisional level there was a parlor run by the son of the headmaster of the school.

550
01:39:46.000 --> 01:40:05.000
In collect on block I have worked. So the Hindi cinema penetrated even at the village level in 1,985 And it is because of that that Hindi language spread over throughout their natural predation.

551
01:40:05.000 --> 01:40:16.000
And when I visited in 1985 I was shocked when I asked in English to a shopkeeper thinking that they will not understand him. They will not understand Hindi.

552
01:40:16.000 --> 01:40:19.000
I asked in English to a shopkeeper thinking that they will not understand Hindi. I asked, do you have mesh because I was smoking at the time?

553
01:40:19.000 --> 01:40:28.000
So I was not having met I do you have Matt and she replied in Hindi oh matches I was shocked.

554
01:40:28.000 --> 01:40:52.000
She's speaking very good Hindi. So I think that in the has a long history and if you are interested you see that how these secondary level education had helped in spreading the Hindi and Indian culture in our natural privilege because most of the schools are boarding schools.

555
01:40:52.000 --> 01:40:59.000
And it is because of the, you know, demographic situation in Nepal.

556
01:40:59.000 --> 01:41:25.000
D density of population is I think, 12 or like that. But square kilometers. The with the side of the village is also very small maybe now 50 or 60 households only in one village and distinct between one blade and the other blade is sometimes 50 kilometer.

557
01:41:25.000 --> 01:41:33.000
So small villages. Distrace between the villages how to organize schooling in such a conditions.

558
01:41:33.000 --> 01:41:49.000
So, the government decided to have boarding schools and the children were boarded in the schools under the guidance of the teachers and most of the teachers were from South India.

559
01:41:49.000 --> 01:42:03.000
At northern India. And you know this is how they were socialized. I think these are the factors which should be studied to understand the cultural transformation of our natural produce.

560
01:42:03.000 --> 01:42:11.000
This is my one comment. Then I agreed with Professor Bassi that you talk of Hindu nationalism.

561
01:42:11.000 --> 01:42:38.000
Nationalism is not Hindu or not Hindu but I think nationalism is about the nation and in India is a multi-religious country and many community are their religious community and we are a secular country so we respect every religion and in that sense we should not use this Hindu These are not so

562
01:42:38.000 --> 01:42:49.000
intolerant. As it is posed. Anyway, but I think it is a good attempt and this you are doing PhD I think or completed.

563
01:42:49.000 --> 01:43:09.000
Doing. So please consider these factors which I have told you. Okay, okay, thank you. Then I will come to the other papers by Mell up,ney and I, Lida, I'm a that is recorded one.

564
01:43:09.000 --> 01:43:13.000
I found there is some

565
01:43:13.000 --> 01:43:34.000
Oman elements at methodological level to study the cross national phenomenon in the field of music and this algorithm technique which is now very popular in the field of mass communication.

566
01:43:34.000 --> 01:43:49.000
I think methodologically these 2 papers are very good. And But, and this rays of dissent in Turkish rap music and popular culture.

567
01:43:49.000 --> 01:44:00.000
And in Hong Kong. Localist movement social movement is also very important area in which music is playing a role.

568
01:44:00.000 --> 01:44:16.000
So I think all the papers are very good and diversity of topics is there, but from the perspective of the globalization and that this is a research committee sociology of communication knowledge and culture.

569
01:44:16.000 --> 01:44:36.000
I would say that there should Be an attempt to relate. The data with theory and concepts. In the field of and particularly when you are living in the era of globalization, the cultural globalization and cultural duration we have concepts.

570
01:44:36.000 --> 01:44:56.000
Like hybridization like homogeneization of culture and also multiculturalism. So, unless we relate our study with conceptual framework that how, whether some kind of hybridization is taking place when different cultures And the concept of popular culture also I think is under transformation.

571
01:44:56.000 --> 01:45:12.000
We cannot say that this culture is popular culture, but there are maybe sub-popular culture in my opinion.

572
01:45:12.000 --> 01:45:26.000
Oh, because sub-nationalism is also growing. What you told in your paper that the local religious communities are trying to having their own music songs that is a kind of sub-nationalism I would say.

573
01:45:26.000 --> 01:45:46.000
So there are different phenomenon which are conceptually we can analyze and relate to and how the sociology is transforming from the modern sociology to now of the global sociology.

574
01:45:46.000 --> 01:45:55.000
Because the globalization is transforming every sphere of life including music. In music we see a lot of changes.

575
01:45:55.000 --> 01:46:10.000
Oh, so many genres have a march. I think you have very nicely analyzed that how a different type of ideologies and our cultural artifacts are in operation in.

576
01:46:10.000 --> 01:46:29.000
In, in the Western society. But today Western culture then non-western cultures are interacting and spreading crossing the boundaries of the nation and traveling in different parts.

577
01:46:29.000 --> 01:46:58.000
For example, the global premier of the films. And also the global consumption of music. So it is a global phenomenon, we thought confined with the country's boundary and in this sense I think we need some new concepts and new methodology for the study of communication particularly because communication had to work is now global network.

578
01:46:58.000 --> 01:47:27.000
So we are in the state of the global communication system. And global communication system. Transnational processes movement of the people commodities ideas including music is very important and therefore methodologically and conceptually we have to look into the socialology of music or studiology of communication.

579
01:47:27.000 --> 01:47:34.000
With these words I conclude Oh.

580
01:47:34.000 --> 01:47:51.000
Can I ask him to vote? You can tell me, okay if you want to say okay, please come.

581
01:47:51.000 --> 01:48:04.000
Because the water based on the important question which I think I need to answer. There is time and right to know time is over but okay please very quickly.

582
01:48:04.000 --> 01:48:14.000
Okay I'll be very quick. So in our Natural Pradesh, as you said, Christianity is the highest, it's 31%, but Hinduism is 30%.

583
01:48:14.000 --> 01:48:37.000
And Buddhism is 16% and then the other religion in which there is this indigenous religion it's 26% so what is happening there over right now is there is religious politics which is going on between Christianity so if you see the people in Nazareth There is this headtread between the people following Christianity and people

584
01:48:37.000 --> 01:49:05.000
following the indigenous religion and indigenous religion often identifies themselves now as they say that our religion traditional religion is very similar to Hinduism why they say because they Okay, you can say naturalism, but also They have been hearing and seeing Mahabharata and Dramaana and then in that you know in this local

585
01:49:05.000 --> 01:49:17.000
religion son is the mother and Mooney is the father. Hindi, Sir Hindi. So in indigenous religion, son is the mother and then Moon is the father.

586
01:49:17.000 --> 01:49:22.000
But then in Hinduism, Son is the father and Moon is also a man, right?

587
01:49:22.000 --> 01:49:35.000
They are masculine figure. So now they are now trying to change their own representation for some now if you see they have started using icons.

588
01:49:35.000 --> 01:49:46.000
And photo frames which was never there earlier but then now the If you see they have kind of beard trying to portray some as a masculine figure whether it's a feminine figure.

589
01:49:46.000 --> 01:49:56.000
Okay and regarding television you have already answered half of the question where people already knew Hindi. When you went there, right?

590
01:49:56.000 --> 01:50:04.000
Because During the war it was needed for the people to learn Hindi so that they can help the soldiers and that's how Hindu started growing in those areas.

591
01:50:04.000 --> 01:50:15.000
And then video partner was, even our commission school. They had these hospitals also and they were running schools as well.

592
01:50:15.000 --> 01:50:26.000
So they were showing Hindi movies. But why only Hindi was popular whereas people had been asam is the neighbor people were speaking as a way before Hindi.

593
01:50:26.000 --> 01:50:32.000
But because where I said about locating in geopolitical area affect your consumption of popular culture so that's what happened.

594
01:50:32.000 --> 01:50:42.000
SM is now people know but then Hindi is the most popular language in

595
01:50:42.000 --> 01:50:45.000
Okay. But they speak, it's in. To stay. I think time is over.