WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.001 --> 00:00:00.020 okay. Then we will start. It's already time. So 2 00:00:00.200 --> 00:00:06.269 today's session is socio-political scenario of drugs and leisure in 3 00:00:06.280 --> 00:00:11.309 global era. In fact. the use of drugs 4 00:00:11.380 --> 00:00:15.089 in relation to laser is becoming a worldwide. 5 00:00:15.930 --> 00:00:17.040 Lifestyle. 6 00:00:17.880 --> 00:00:24.629 drug use and recreational practices are a common phenomenon, and it is a regular activity 7 00:00:24.870 --> 00:00:37.570 for many people today. There are some who believe that the use of drug brings liberation beyond leisure. Recreational rocks 8 00:00:38.110 --> 00:00:44.660 are generally used for enjoyment. or to improve life. 9 00:00:45.810 --> 00:00:47.100 or 10 00:00:47.600 --> 00:00:51.069 laser proposes another 10 for medical region. 11 00:00:51.710 --> 00:00:58.940 but in long run it lead to addiction, to help complication as well as 12 00:00:59.030 --> 00:01:07.999 mental and social problem. and might lead to crime, and so on. It is a fact that drug may be considered as a legal 13 00:01:08.040 --> 00:01:15.440 or illegal, depending on the governmental regulations. So our relatives are there all over the world. 14 00:01:15.470 --> 00:01:24.400 Similarly, the use of drugs may be sense as a laser activity, or may give rise to pleasure or problems. 15 00:01:26.110 --> 00:01:31.410 On the contrary, you know, positive layer of activities or hobbies 16 00:01:31.440 --> 00:01:34.660 can potentially reduce the reeks of alcohol 17 00:01:36.160 --> 00:01:39.730 and other drugs use 18 00:01:40.870 --> 00:01:47.340 through Stuart and supervised laser activity. So les of activities are very, very important. 19 00:01:47.720 --> 00:01:50.470 And you know. 20 00:01:51.930 --> 00:01:53.040 laser. 21 00:01:54.150 --> 00:02:02.500 positive pleasure can always bring positivity in one's lifestyle in once 22 00:02:02.610 --> 00:02:11.449 the whole scenario of the life. So with all these things, you know. 23 00:02:11.830 --> 00:02:14.740 to activity which there is no consumption. 24 00:02:15.210 --> 00:02:21.899 no compulsion. Sorry where there is autonomy and personal control over what one is doing. 25 00:02:23.300 --> 00:02:30.530 In fact, if you try to see theoretically, there are broadly 3 theories. 26 00:02:31.030 --> 00:02:35.550 one. If we currently take the Neo-maxis, who 27 00:02:37.040 --> 00:02:40.189 things in terms of interest, of capitalism. 28 00:02:40.380 --> 00:02:51.620 on the other hand, of humanism, places domain at the forefront of the analysis, and see them as an oppressed group with certain experiences and an interest in common 29 00:02:52.510 --> 00:03:15.020 on the other end. If you try to find what post modernist things they claims that society today is one in who is the boundaries between social institutions, sources, taxes, moral and immoral courts, right and the wrong ways of doing things. All are breaking down. So there is nothing like moral, immoral. And all this in in terms of 30 00:03:15.300 --> 00:03:17.499 post modernist approach. 31 00:03:17.550 --> 00:03:27.399 So all these 3 approach approaches may be applicable while studying this particular 32 00:03:27.450 --> 00:03:36.160 association on socio-political scenario of drugs and laser in global era. So there are all together. 33 00:03:36.420 --> 00:03:38.730 4 participants. 34 00:03:39.280 --> 00:03:44.039 3. They are offline. And one is online. 35 00:03:44.500 --> 00:03:47.890 So I will not go further. 36 00:03:48.020 --> 00:03:51.780 Being reserved person today. 37 00:03:51.800 --> 00:03:54.550 He 38 00:03:55.370 --> 00:04:03.750 he is not here. He just informed me to say a decision. As I am the decision organizer, in fact. And also I am sharing this session. 39 00:04:03.860 --> 00:04:15.469 and in this particular I I have a paper to present, and that is on drugs, laser and society in a sum, a sociological study. 40 00:04:15.570 --> 00:04:23.789 a title of my paper I am repeating once again, it is drugs, laser, and society in a sum a sociological study. 41 00:04:23.850 --> 00:04:35.669 So in this particular paper, you know, in the very beginning outset, I have already mentioned that laser deals with pleasurable activities which is highly valued by individuals. 42 00:04:35.800 --> 00:04:41.380 It is the time left over after routine activities like war. and 43 00:04:42.970 --> 00:05:02.659 in the particular study we have concentrated 2 districts of Asam. One, we think we can district. And it's Deborahuristic under tens. We get this state. We have taken certain areas which we call as a 44 00:05:02.670 --> 00:05:27.100 as well as these. These are the areas you know, they are mainly the pockets where many drugs have uses. Abuja, I found, and also we have taken the pocket of De Broglie in and around in the town. And while doing this study we have focused on 45 00:05:27.110 --> 00:05:29.610 interview methods. 46 00:05:29.750 --> 00:05:36.280 and we have interviewed foolish personnel medical expert at buckets. 47 00:05:36.550 --> 00:05:38.010 Dr. Users 48 00:05:38.100 --> 00:05:47.059 stops of rehabilitation centers, senior citizens of locality and delays. Headman of the locality 49 00:05:47.070 --> 00:05:48.630 journalist 50 00:05:49.180 --> 00:06:12.020 as well as political letter of the locality. So this is what a brief methodology I am talking. These are my respondents in my study. And while doing so basically, we have concentrated on rehabilitation centers, where we found different dark at its prisons, and they were rehabilitated by the rehabilitation centers! 51 00:06:12.080 --> 00:06:22.089 And it was found in the study that initially, you know the drug users get fascinated. They feel 52 00:06:22.260 --> 00:06:39.000 they are in very different wall by taking dark drugs. But casually, since all of them are from villages in my study. They do not have sufficient money to purchase those drugs from the drugs. 53 00:06:39.730 --> 00:06:42.320 So we found in this study. 54 00:06:42.410 --> 00:06:58.600 Slowly and slowly, gradually the drugs became their necessity, and then they even sell their valuables, household items, land, etc. And even tossed their parents to get money to process drugs. 55 00:06:58.810 --> 00:07:09.480 Ultimately, when this their parents get irritated, their friends greatly rejected. With the support of their friends and parents and relatives, they were put 56 00:07:09.580 --> 00:07:25.660 In the rehabilitation centers, and in the rehabilitation centers. Usually, you know, they go through certain routine activities. They do certain daily routine things start from mourning 57 00:07:26.340 --> 00:07:33.130 till evening. They have certain exercises. and they used to follow the Blue Bo. 58 00:07:33.770 --> 00:07:35.869 That is the narrative. Blue hooks 59 00:07:35.900 --> 00:07:43.300 and their rules regulations. They follow it, and this is what they do in their study. 60 00:07:43.440 --> 00:07:47.170 But at the same time we should 61 00:07:47.280 --> 00:07:49.090 say that 62 00:07:49.400 --> 00:07:53.350 you know, in this particular rehabilitation centres 63 00:07:53.600 --> 00:07:58.459 they are trying their level best to bring them to their normal life. 64 00:07:58.820 --> 00:08:04.099 But many times it was in this study it was found that even if 65 00:08:04.240 --> 00:08:09.499 they started improving their lifestyle and 66 00:08:09.820 --> 00:08:18.230 and they stop taking drugs, but with few patients, I mean with with few drugs abusers. We found that 67 00:08:18.250 --> 00:08:24.379 when they came out of that revelation center. and after that 68 00:08:24.400 --> 00:08:27.569 we found that they start taking drugs again. 69 00:08:27.870 --> 00:08:30.700 So it is it very 70 00:08:32.800 --> 00:08:36.220 difficult process how to you cover them? 71 00:08:36.490 --> 00:08:38.270 So some of them. 72 00:08:38.370 --> 00:08:41.069 of course, they recovered fully. 73 00:08:41.450 --> 00:08:50.650 but some of them. They are still continuing, and government of Assam, the Indian Government. They are making certain policies 74 00:08:50.800 --> 00:08:52.990 under the 75 00:08:53.120 --> 00:08:54.990 Narcotic Drugs and 76 00:08:55.010 --> 00:08:59.269 Psychotropic Substances Act and the Ps. Act, we call it. 77 00:08:59.760 --> 00:09:04.609 of 1,908, 55, and under this act 78 00:09:04.950 --> 00:09:09.849 certain substances are call as drugs trumps of ducks, and 79 00:09:09.880 --> 00:09:20.339 whenever with certain portion, some people, I mean abusers, were caught or the Petillers are caught, then they will be put to jail. 80 00:09:20.480 --> 00:09:22.320 They they are under the bar. 81 00:09:22.500 --> 00:09:33.409 So all these things are government enforcement and government. Authoritarianisms are found, are seen very 82 00:09:33.420 --> 00:09:39.820 Amly in in a sum. But in spite of that, these people have certain access. 83 00:09:40.030 --> 00:09:42.120 and this whole nexus 84 00:09:42.390 --> 00:09:52.000 plays an important role, and in doing so many of the peddlers are still continuing the process 85 00:09:52.080 --> 00:09:57.389 and the rehabilitation centers. They are trying to follow certain rules. 86 00:09:57.730 --> 00:10:02.099 and in particular these cases, we found 87 00:10:02.130 --> 00:10:07.790 that psychotic department of every medical colleges. They are helping them. 88 00:10:08.800 --> 00:10:14.650 how to cope up with this problem of drugs. 89 00:10:16.660 --> 00:10:18.719 and hopefully 90 00:10:18.750 --> 00:10:28.390 it will came out with flying colors. So government of India are some women rehabilitation centers. And all this. They are trying their level best. 91 00:10:28.530 --> 00:10:34.549 and to cope up with this mechanism how to make them normal. 92 00:10:34.680 --> 00:10:41.760 and it is, in fact, a difficult process. Many of them. They fully recovered, but many 93 00:10:42.370 --> 00:10:43.530 are 94 00:10:43.680 --> 00:10:57.429 recovered, but again they are continuing, taking drugs. This is what is the the aspect I am just talking about now I like to call upon 95 00:10:57.550 --> 00:11:07.669 Dr. Smith of Sir madam. 96 00:11:09.670 --> 00:11:16.460 she is there. So you you can you? Okay? 97 00:11:17.940 --> 00:11:19.140 No. 98 00:11:22.320 --> 00:11:26.130 it is better if you talk, because one by one it will go on 99 00:11:26.610 --> 00:11:30.280 so kindly. Come and please talk. 100 00:11:30.710 --> 00:11:41.469 If you are regarding your paper and title of A. Her paper is the role of social organization in sipping laser activities in India. 101 00:11:41.720 --> 00:11:44.819 is it? some of them. 102 00:11:46.020 --> 00:11:46.960 thank you. 103 00:12:00.010 --> 00:12:02.599 Is there a screen share option here? 104 00:12:05.170 --> 00:12:06.739 The other one 105 00:12:08.960 --> 00:12:09.840 I have 106 00:12:16.330 --> 00:12:17.280 of. 107 00:12:17.960 --> 00:12:20.550 Thank you very much. But 108 00:12:21.080 --> 00:12:28.390 session organizer, Dr. Surma, my co-presenters and audience. 109 00:12:28.620 --> 00:12:30.060 Here's go me 110 00:12:30.320 --> 00:12:34.930 humans, pleasure to record the 111 00:12:35.220 --> 00:13:02.159 efforts which is taken by the one organization which is work all over the world that is, alcohol Andamises. And in this paper I would like to take account of their their work. So I will go further. The role of my papers title. It's a role of social organization in shaping major activities 112 00:13:02.160 --> 00:13:14.230 in India. I am a professor working as a professor of practice, Mgm. University, Orangabad, Maharashtra, India. 113 00:13:19.370 --> 00:13:22.050 you all of 114 00:13:22.320 --> 00:13:24.630 oh, bear that! 115 00:13:24.780 --> 00:13:38.820 I think we are all aware what is leisure and how major activities are going on nowadays. So I skipped that part of my presentation. 116 00:13:38.980 --> 00:13:54.579 I well, I quickly conclude that we covered, or we divided leisure activities into 2 broad categories. One is active, major, and second is passive leisure. 117 00:13:54.760 --> 00:14:12.790 If you consider the leisure activities which is private activity or personal activity. But when it comes in a group, or a majority of the people in the society are engaged in that particular 118 00:14:12.800 --> 00:14:21.179 activity, or they prefer that particular activity, then it becomes a a popular activity in that particular era. 119 00:14:21.300 --> 00:14:24.849 While talking about India 120 00:14:24.890 --> 00:14:26.090 and 121 00:14:26.410 --> 00:14:38.860 in active, in considering active leisure activity. I'm talking about the alcoholism, because in India, we find 122 00:14:40.130 --> 00:14:43.640 we have long history. also 123 00:14:44.750 --> 00:14:45.970 alcohol. 124 00:14:46.490 --> 00:14:54.489 a use pattern or a cold use pattern. In India. We can broadly or quickly 125 00:14:56.250 --> 00:14:59.700 quickly divide it to for 126 00:15:00.240 --> 00:15:07.439 a categories or a broad historical period. One is weipedic period, where 127 00:15:08.030 --> 00:15:14.920 it is the using alcohol. doing 128 00:15:14.960 --> 00:15:24.040 the fifteenth of 1,500 to 700 BC. During this Vitic era 129 00:15:24.560 --> 00:15:27.820 use of alcohol is permissible. 130 00:15:28.170 --> 00:15:34.189 In the second emergence of Buddhism and journalism 131 00:15:34.470 --> 00:15:38.579 Certain type of resistance took place. 132 00:15:38.910 --> 00:16:04.009 We will find the change towards looking at this use pattern it slightly changed during Islamic influence. If you consider the historical period of Islamic influence, we find again the scenario change, and during the British era after eighteenth century the pattern of use of hole is also changed. 133 00:16:04.020 --> 00:16:07.670 so 134 00:16:09.200 --> 00:16:10.740 there's a 135 00:16:19.980 --> 00:16:22.130 it's not 136 00:16:31.660 --> 00:16:32.360 oh. 137 00:16:38.550 --> 00:16:39.330 close it. 138 00:16:39.540 --> 00:16:41.840 I think. Present. 139 00:16:57.620 --> 00:16:59.540 it's and 140 00:17:01.160 --> 00:17:03.019 okay, is that okay? Okay? 141 00:17:12.810 --> 00:17:13.510 Yes. 142 00:17:18.960 --> 00:17:21.900 sorry for some technical. 143 00:17:22.210 --> 00:17:24.239 either. I could not 144 00:17:24.590 --> 00:17:59.960 to show my slides. It was my mystic and not export in a technical technical. It is using this. Well, as I'm talking about the alcohol use. Python, India can be divided or can be broadly distributed into 4 categories, and we find the society has a different approach towards use of use of alcohol. After British era, the using alcohol, it become a prestigious thing in Indian society. 145 00:17:59.960 --> 00:18:03.439 and so we'll find 146 00:18:03.730 --> 00:18:27.200 the whole scenario is changing day by day. if you consider the prohibition policy, alcohol prohibition policy of India. Again, we find, if you consider the contemporary policy, we find the policy of a government looking at this problem, it's also changing. 147 00:18:27.230 --> 00:18:31.779 There are 3 types of prohibition across the India. 148 00:18:31.850 --> 00:18:54.310 One fine complete prohibition means state. Like Goodsraq and Bihar, they go for a complete prohibition. Second, at the same period and same time. Second, We find there are some State States where partially provision Prohibition is coming up like 149 00:18:55.090 --> 00:18:58.750 One or more types of liquors are banned. 150 00:18:59.240 --> 00:19:10.590 and the third one is, there is some days declared as a dry days, where prohibition is observed on certain particular date days. 151 00:19:10.810 --> 00:19:19.129 so we find the policy is not fixed all over the India Government approach towards consuming 152 00:19:19.370 --> 00:19:21.349 a liquor is 153 00:19:21.630 --> 00:19:22.840 changing 154 00:19:22.960 --> 00:19:26.380 as for a State, and as for 155 00:19:26.630 --> 00:19:32.019 as per period or approach of political political parties. And 156 00:19:32.130 --> 00:19:48.240 but social scenario is like this, that now consuming liquor is becoming more and more as a it's a fashion become a fashion, especially a culture 157 00:19:48.510 --> 00:20:07.879 often encourages alcohol as a coping mechanism, young generation is attracted towards consuming alcohol, and the young professionals are also taking part or adopting this behavior. 158 00:20:08.100 --> 00:20:26.410 Secondly, we can find that alcohol marketing is also becoming. It's become a boom. It's become a very pressure and very influencing factor. And because of this marketing youth and young adults 159 00:20:26.720 --> 00:20:36.810 also accepting, or they sanctioned that, considering alcohol as a 160 00:20:37.000 --> 00:20:51.760 prestigious pattern, living pattern, and that is why we find the number of alcoholics becoming. A number is increased day by day. This is a current scenario in India. 161 00:20:52.060 --> 00:20:53.730 If you consider 162 00:20:54.930 --> 00:21:06.330 the position, what I would like to say, the position of a social institution, and how it? How it 163 00:21:07.590 --> 00:21:12.540 the reflects are, how it influence the 164 00:21:12.780 --> 00:21:20.150 pattern of a leisure that is a A. This is a alcohol analysis. 165 00:21:20.190 --> 00:21:24.389 This organization starts in over your city 166 00:21:24.720 --> 00:21:26.410 in U.S.A. 167 00:21:27.160 --> 00:21:34.900 there was 2 persons. One is from New York, and the second is from Ohio. 168 00:21:35.020 --> 00:21:37.669 By profession one is 169 00:21:38.230 --> 00:21:47.069 share stockholders in sheer market, and second, one is a surgeon by profession. 170 00:21:47.320 --> 00:21:52.010 His name is With with 171 00:21:53.320 --> 00:22:01.900 share market holder, shareholder, stockholders. He is a Bill Williams and second one sergeant. She is a Bob Smith. 172 00:22:02.040 --> 00:22:29.250 Both have different professions. They are face up, coming from different areas. But they, the similarity is, both are alcoholics, and their wives come together and they start one organization. They start coming together, and they start talking with each other, and they are trying to control that control the behavior of these 2 people. 173 00:22:29.300 --> 00:22:36.069 This starts in 1950, 35. And later on 174 00:22:36.220 --> 00:22:39.599 these 2 young ladies get 175 00:22:39.950 --> 00:22:52.529 a response from the society. Several relatives of wives and relatives of the alcoholic persons join them, and this become a worldwide activity 176 00:22:52.620 --> 00:22:56.340 alone. This was 177 00:22:56.480 --> 00:23:17.859 this is a meeting's name they have given, they start. They started this meetings. They met regularly. They start sharing their feelings, their problems. There's the solutions, how they come to know. And they start talking about this. And nowadays, these. 178 00:23:17.970 --> 00:23:31.359 this organization works in 3 different groups. One is a alcohol, and the person who is already addict. They come together, they talk with each other, then the second one is. 179 00:23:31.360 --> 00:23:48.520 and that is the wives that is closed meeting. They have the wives of alcoholic person. They come together. And third one, this I'll take that is the group of relatives. Alcoholics, persons, relatives, these 3 groups. 180 00:23:49.310 --> 00:24:03.460 They are mainly coming from family members of the alcolic person. And now this institution actively worked in approximately 180 nations. 181 00:24:03.740 --> 00:24:23.209 Their membership estimated more than 2 millions, and the literature has been translated into over 100 100 language all over the world. So the scenario is the working pattern is quite big. But still. 182 00:24:24.240 --> 00:24:26.889 while doing I 183 00:24:28.110 --> 00:24:48.740 we did case study from Ourangabad, since in Ourangabad since the last 20 years this enjoy is working for rehabilitation of alcoholic people and giving relief for alcoholic 184 00:24:49.220 --> 00:25:01.240 families, but still they don't have any clear statistics with them. They don't have any official record. But indirectly 185 00:25:01.630 --> 00:25:25.109 I made several members of these 3 groups. I interviewed them, and I come to the conclusion that though they don't register themselves, though they maintain their their record in a proper manner, but they are very much successfully working to give relief to the 186 00:25:25.310 --> 00:25:26.500 well 187 00:25:26.940 --> 00:25:35.500 members of the alcoholic person, and several alcoholic persons are coming up 188 00:25:35.510 --> 00:25:52.729 in the from occur. They they are! They are giving up their alcoholic behavior, and they start living in a proper manner. So if you consider leisure as a activity, leisure is a 189 00:25:52.990 --> 00:25:55.050 our direct activity. 190 00:25:55.450 --> 00:26:23.860 but and it leisure is the only personal activity we find alcoholism is become a family. disease, because one alcoholic person or the behavior of alcoholic person can affect the entire family can affect the psychology of a family, all family members, and their economic development too. But this Ngo 191 00:26:24.030 --> 00:26:34.790 not only ship, not only is a revive, not only give the ray of hope to the members of the 192 00:26:35.180 --> 00:26:42.330 of family, but it is successfully working on. 193 00:26:42.560 --> 00:26:46.070 giving right direction of 194 00:26:46.780 --> 00:26:55.049 direction of the to give up the wrong things, give up the 195 00:26:55.290 --> 00:27:11.549 alcohol and be a normal citizen in India nowadays. Where are taking alcohol becoming a social sanction bay at the same time, this institution, working since 1,935. 196 00:27:11.550 --> 00:27:34.049 That means the nowadays the need of such organizations are increasing day by day, but they should work in a proper manner the statistics should be maintained. I think it is our duty to study this work of a working pattern of these institutions 197 00:27:34.050 --> 00:27:45.229 in a very effective manner, and to suggest more more good steps towards them. So thank you very much for giving me such time. 198 00:27:45.410 --> 00:27:47.089 Thanks a lot. 199 00:27:54.020 --> 00:27:57.509 thank you, Professor Smith. I'm madam. 200 00:27:58.030 --> 00:28:08.270 on. we will have queries and questions at the end. Now I request Dr. Bala, madam. to present her paper. 201 00:28:16.130 --> 00:28:17.960 Rajni Bala: Thank you, Professor Selma. 202 00:28:18.290 --> 00:28:19.240 Thank you. 203 00:28:20.230 --> 00:28:22.430 Rajni Bala: I'm just sharing my screen. 204 00:28:32.950 --> 00:28:34.920 Rajni Bala: Then you see the screen? 205 00:28:35.090 --> 00:28:36.450 Yes, yes, yes. 206 00:28:36.480 --> 00:28:38.070 Rajni Bala: Okay, okay. 207 00:28:41.310 --> 00:28:42.530 Rajni Bala: just a second. 208 00:29:15.620 --> 00:29:20.670 Rajni Bala: So respect to chair and session organizers and my go panelists. 209 00:29:20.840 --> 00:29:29.770 Rajni Bala: I'm presenting my research work on experiencing stigma and discrimination, a study of women drug users in Punjab India. 210 00:29:31.960 --> 00:29:50.040 Rajni Bala: The issue of drug abuse has emerged as a significant problem in many regions around the world, including the state of Punjab in India. Why drug abuse affects both men and women. The experiences and challenges faced by women. Drug abusers often differ, due to various social culture and gender specific factors 211 00:29:50.790 --> 00:29:57.750 Rajni Bala: that Brett epidemic in India, has left a profound imprint on the population, especially women who suffer from 212 00:29:58.750 --> 00:30:01.649 Rajni Bala: stigma and gender-based discrimination 213 00:30:04.680 --> 00:30:22.230 Rajni Bala: in Punjab They considered that drug abuse is mostly related with the men, and there are many studies where the women drug abuses have not been even considered so. these are some studies which shows that the drug addiction among women is on price. 214 00:30:22.330 --> 00:30:38.530 Rajni Bala: According to the national crime records, we were the number of women arrested for drug related offenses, and Punjab increased from 3 32 in 2,010 to 8, 48 in 2,019. This represents an increase over 1 50 person in just 9 years. 215 00:30:38.650 --> 00:31:03.649 Rajni Bala: A study conducted by a National Institute of Social Defense in 2,018 found that women accounted for approximately 5% of all drug users in Punjab. The study also found that women were more likely to use injectable drugs which can lead to serious health problems, such as HIV, Aids and Hepatitis C. So another study which was conducted by society for promotion of young and masses. 216 00:31:03.650 --> 00:31:09.099 Rajni Bala: It also found that approximately 10% of the total drug 217 00:31:09.260 --> 00:31:11.870 Rajni Bala: addicts are women. 218 00:31:12.560 --> 00:31:25.459 Rajni Bala: So objective is to explore the experiences of stigma and discrimination faced by women who abuse drugs in Punjab, and to examine the impact of stigma and discrimination on health care, seeking behavior of women drug users. 219 00:31:26.600 --> 00:31:30.380 Rajni Bala: As far as the critical perspective is concerned. I think Goffman's theory 220 00:31:30.570 --> 00:31:48.309 Rajni Bala: provides valuable insight into the experiences of women, drug of users, and that discrimination and stigma defeates Kaufmann, defined stigma as a deeply discrediting attribute that reduces the person from a whole and usual person to a tentate discounted. One 221 00:31:48.310 --> 00:32:08.849 Rajni Bala: women. Drug users are often stigmatized, reducing their social identity to the status of drug abuses. The stigmatized to labor tents, to overshoot, have a shadow. All other aspects of their identities, causing social rejection and discrimination. And it's this world identity that is seen by society rather than their complete set. 222 00:32:09.000 --> 00:32:23.480 Rajni Bala: Government's idea of impression management refers to how individuals try to control how others perceive them. In the case of women drug abusers, they might attempt to hide their drug use in order to avoid the stigma associated with it. 223 00:32:23.480 --> 00:32:41.430 Rajni Bala: they may lead a sort of double life, presenting a socially acceptable front to the world while hiding their drug use does the stigma and discrimination faced by women? Drug users can significantly impact their self perception, and it can be a hurdle in the way of their treatment also. 224 00:32:41.689 --> 00:33:05.430 Rajni Bala: So some of the view of literature has shown that challenges faced by female drug abusers, especially concerning stigma, discrimination, and how the stigma acts as a barrier to seeking treatment from drug abuse, demonstrating it retrimental. You will have been highlighted by different scholars as call, find that stigma and discrimination, lack of gender. Sensitive care and financial constraints are the most significant barriers. 225 00:33:05.430 --> 00:33:18.079 Rajni Bala: Shema used with cross-sectional design to examine the health care, access, and utilization patterns of women who use drugs in Punjab. The study found that lack of financial resources, lack of transportation, lack of 226 00:33:25.790 --> 00:33:44.889 Rajni Bala: lack of awareness about available sources with significant barriers. Then do a do I explode that a stigma and discrimination, lack of awareness about available sources and lack of social support. These were the barriers, seeing found that financial resources and lack of awareness. These are the main 227 00:33:45.210 --> 00:33:46.740 Rajni Bala: bad use. 228 00:33:46.760 --> 00:34:16.090 Rajni Bala: A study directed, a profile of women's substance. Abusers seeking treatment in North India was conducted by Pdi. M. We are in 2,019 to understand the characteristics and treatment needs of women with substance use disorder. This study found that majority of women seeking treatment for substance use. Disorders in North India were married, employed, and had children. This study highlighted the need for gender sensitive treatment services that address the unique needs of women with addiction. 229 00:34:16.090 --> 00:34:34.820 Rajni Bala: Another study conducted by a Pgi on prevalence of substance to you. Disorder among women in rural Punjab found that Punjabi women in rural areas were at high risk of substance. Use this order, you 2 sectors, such as lack of education, poverty, and limited access to health care facilities. 230 00:34:35.020 --> 00:34:46.959 Rajni Bala: and another study. In 2,020, it was found that stigma and discrimination, lack of awareness about available services and financial barriers for the most common various faced by women seeking addiction treatment. In India 231 00:34:47.840 --> 00:35:12.809 Rajni Bala: ndt. We reported every life matters and unwill the harrowing reality of women addicts and Punjab. The report brought to light the societal stigma that dissuits women from seeking help at rehabilitation centers. It further exposed the grim reality of female drug addicts becoming trapped in a vicious circle of dependence on male a friends, a family member for Bruck supply. In more 232 00:35:12.810 --> 00:35:26.749 Rajni Bala: circumstances. Low income girls are. Lord went to practice prostitution and drug paddling, these vulnerable girls become easy target for exploitation, often surrendering themselves to 233 00:35:28.450 --> 00:35:45.660 Rajni Bala: drug peddlers who take advantage of their desperation and despair. These studies also underscore the importance of addressing the unique values and challenges faced by women with addiction, including stigma and discrimination, awareness about these services and other barriers. 234 00:35:45.850 --> 00:35:59.300 Rajni Bala: so we can count these barriers in the way of female drug abuse. We are going for treatment as and who are into the track of drug addiction as stigma we have already talked about. 235 00:35:59.320 --> 00:36:06.089 Rajni Bala: They may be judged by their family community and health care providers which can make it difficult for them to seek help 236 00:36:06.290 --> 00:36:26.610 Rajni Bala: on our access services, then lack of access to treatment. Women, drug abuses have limited access to direct treatment services, particularly if they live in rural or remote areas, this can be due to lack of health care, facilities, train health care, providers, or financial resources. Then there is gender waste violence. 237 00:36:26.610 --> 00:36:37.019 Rajni Bala: We are. Women are always at the risk of gender based while including sexual assault and domestic violence. This can also make it difficult for them to seek help or to access services. 238 00:36:37.020 --> 00:36:49.470 Rajni Bala: Then there are child care responsibilities that make it difficult for them to see treatment or attend supports groups. They may also face challenges in finding affordable and reliable childcare options. 239 00:36:49.470 --> 00:37:10.180 Rajni Bala: There is lack of support, particularly if they have lost touch with friends and families due to their drug use. This can make it difficult for them to recover and maintain their sovereignty. Dual diagnosis, doom, and drug abuses in Punjab may be more likely to have 4 upering mental health disorders, such as depression and id 240 00:37:11.180 --> 00:37:12.430 Rajni Bala: depression and 241 00:37:15.570 --> 00:37:27.679 Rajni Bala: anxiety. Then there are economic challenges, such as poverty, unemployment, and lack of access to education and job training. These factors can make it difficult for them to access the appropriate treatment and support for their addiction. 242 00:37:27.680 --> 00:37:52.679 Rajni Bala: Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account the unique needs of women. Drug use it in Punjab. This can include providing gender sensitive drug treatment services addressing gender based violence, providing child care, support, and addressing stigma and discrimination. It is also important to involve women. Drug abusers in the design and implementation 243 00:37:52.680 --> 00:37:55.659 Rajni Bala: of programs and policies that affect them. 244 00:37:55.690 --> 00:38:06.540 Rajni Bala: So I've visited one rehabilitation center for women in a research. So there are a I'm just counting 3 or 4 cases here. This is a story of 245 00:38:06.760 --> 00:38:19.270 Rajni Bala: a victim of relentless domestic violence fell into the clutches of drug addiction. When her husband introduced her to her way under the guise of a pain reliever. Her mentor, who later became 246 00:38:19.690 --> 00:38:42.790 Rajni Bala: imprisoned for criminal activities, left hush! Shattered alone, and with the heroin addiction propture. Once a regular women became the game, consuming cheap white powder injections, plunging deeper into the Why software addiction today, she resides in a rehabilitation centers, driving to overcome her addiction while also raising her 7 year old daughter within the confines of the facility. 247 00:38:42.880 --> 00:39:02.460 Rajni Bala: Then another woman should be a 19 year old student. She was devastated when her boyfriend abandoned her for another girl left emotionally betrayed. She turned to a friend for support, only to be misguided in to try and heroin as a popping mechanism, but she, above what was initially a way to number the pain turned into a life 248 00:39:02.530 --> 00:39:04.290 Rajni Bala: all pre addiction. 249 00:39:05.360 --> 00:39:23.339 Rajni Bala: Another. Women monthly call at 20 years old women sought solace in heroin after her marriage, crumbled what started as an attempt to momentarily escape her sorrows, let her down a path of addiction and disease. Now one with is just battling addiction, but also living with hepatitis. C. 250 00:39:23.340 --> 00:39:45.829 Rajni Bala: A. Testament to the collective damage of our tragic circumstances. Sona Story begin with her boyfriend, who introduced her to prop their journey, started with alcohol, and gradually escalated to hired substances. Today, Sony, as a full blown addict, receiving treatment and attempting to break free from the shackles of addiction, and that have held her captive for far below. 251 00:39:45.910 --> 00:40:08.009 Rajni Bala: These cases serve as a reminder of the urgency to address the escalating issue of drug addiction among women in Punjab. These women, each with their own story, represent countless other living in the shadow silence by that big stigma and societal denial. So some of the root causes of grab addiction among women in Punjab are male partner influence. 252 00:40:08.010 --> 00:40:31.599 Rajni Bala: as in many societies, women often conform to the habits of their partners. Unaware of the catastrophic consequences, they may be post into trying drugs, even literally leading to addiction. Then there are relationship issues failed. Relationship or emotional trauma resulting from broken bonds can make women vulnerable to seeking solace in harmful circumstances substances. Broken marriages. 253 00:40:31.600 --> 00:40:50.779 Rajni Bala: when women, feeling emotionally devastated, isolated, and filled with despair. In a bit to numb their pain they might resort to drug abuse. Then there is domestic violence. Victims of domestic violence carry deep emotional scars that can lead to mental health issues like depression and anxiety, and they can also turn to 254 00:40:51.130 --> 00:41:19.330 Rajni Bala: drugs. Then there are health problems where there is chronic physical pain, this can lead to misuse of prescription drugs, and slowly they can get into trap of drug addiction. Then alcohol addiction is there, which is a gateway to drug abuse. Women who are heavy drinkers might find themselves more inclined to try inicit substance and the Co. Use of for over and drop significant drink uses the risk of reduction that is, peer pressure. 255 00:41:19.330 --> 00:41:32.419 Rajni Bala: The desire to fit or to escape feelings of rejection can drive women to experiment, these drugs and poverty also, they are making them vulnerable to drug addiction, the lack of resources and access to quality health care. 256 00:41:32.480 --> 00:41:45.399 Rajni Bala: This can also create problems. Now I conclude that stigma and discrimination against women, drug abusers, and Punjab are significant barriers to their well being and access to essential services. 257 00:41:45.400 --> 00:42:09.760 Rajni Bala: that discussion arising from this critical analysis highlight, the importance of a multi dimensional approach in addressing stigma and discrimination against women. Drug users in Punjab. Many drug treatment programs in Punjab are not designed to meet the specific needs of women. This can include issues such as childcare pregnancy and minocalls, as well as gender, specific trauma and mental health issues. 258 00:42:09.760 --> 00:42:32.280 Rajni Bala: while interventions and policies should aim to reduce the social stigma associated with drug abuse. They must also address gender inequalities and cultural norms that contribute to the marginalization of these women. Moreover, healthcare providers and support services need to be sensitized and trained to provide non judgmental and gender responsive care. 259 00:42:32.280 --> 00:42:57.270 Rajni Bala: creating safe and inclusive spaces where we women feel comfortable, seeking help is a crucial to overcoming barriers, to healthcare access, collaborative efforts between policymakers, healthcare providers, community organizers and women themselves are essential to combat stigma and discrimination effectively by recognizing these sectors and addressing them through targeting interventions and policies. 260 00:42:57.270 --> 00:43:11.570 Rajni Bala: It is possible to improve the overall well, being and health outcomes of women drug abuses in Punjab. So this is a neglected area. We have a around 29 drug addiction centers in Punjab, but only one is 261 00:43:11.570 --> 00:43:34.020 Rajni Bala: particularly dedicated to the women drug of users, and that also because of stigma. It is very hard to get that out this particular segment. And because whenever they are coming for treatment, they need privacy, they need That people should not stare at them should not judge them. But these things are needed otherwise, this problem is going from 262 00:43:34.300 --> 00:43:38.860 Rajni Bala: back to verse dividing. Thank you so much for your kind attention. 263 00:43:51.110 --> 00:43:52.050 Okay. 264 00:43:53.230 --> 00:43:56.580 thank you for presenting your paper. 265 00:44:00.730 --> 00:44:02.450 and you have 266 00:44:02.490 --> 00:44:06.790 pointed out very interesting things in your study 267 00:44:06.880 --> 00:44:10.089 and highlighted few very interesting cases 268 00:44:11.390 --> 00:44:15.089 related to stigma and discrimination 269 00:44:15.760 --> 00:44:17.690 also pointed about 270 00:44:17.920 --> 00:44:31.719 the theory of Government's story, how he defines stigma, and how that stigma slowly and gradually you know it in in the psyche of an individual. 271 00:44:31.730 --> 00:44:36.250 who takes drugs and all? And 272 00:44:36.720 --> 00:44:42.279 a lot of things are there. Only, I think, is there any questions from the public? 273 00:44:46.000 --> 00:44:49.490 Are there any questions? If not. 274 00:44:50.780 --> 00:45:02.689 I actually like to know what is the status of rehabilitation centers there in Punjab, as you have pointed out, only one moment. Rehabilitation Center is dedicated to O men. 275 00:45:03.030 --> 00:45:05.009 why it is so important. 276 00:45:06.480 --> 00:45:07.380 Rajni Bala: Okay. 277 00:45:07.890 --> 00:45:31.530 Rajni Bala: actually, first of all, women drug abuses, they always try to deny. And they try to hide. And the families also do that because this is because of this stigma, that this is something which will target the which will be, you know, people will be judgmental towards them, that these are spoiled women and characterless women, and something like that. First of all, they hide. 278 00:45:31.530 --> 00:45:48.889 Rajni Bala: secondly, in many surveys, because, their intensity is not coming into the scene that this problem is. They are not taking serious. Yes, there is a driveration among women, but a very small portion of it. So people think about this other. otherwise. 279 00:45:48.890 --> 00:46:11.669 Rajni Bala: whatever information we are getting, this is only the tip of the iceberg. There are so many other cases, but they are not coming forward. Thirdly, women always want that they should be some privacy. They're saying, I talk to some women, they're saying when they are going to the drug addiction centers. People stare at them. They have to wait for longer hours, and they are, you know, they feel very uncomfortable in that situation. But 280 00:46:12.110 --> 00:46:37.860 Rajni Bala: but a because of this they are, you know, preferring to go to private. He Rehabilitation Center. There are 2, 3 private rehabilitation center as Dr. Bartias Center in umbrella. He's doing a lot of work in this field, and I got data from that to head rehabilitation center also because this problem is not taken very seriously and the women are not coming forward. That's why there are lack of rehabilitation center. But they should be there. 281 00:46:38.880 --> 00:46:55.779 I also like to know whether this women who are Dr. Abuja. They are kept in those rehabilitation centers for long or just they will go there and come back and recite India. Own home. 282 00:46:56.210 --> 00:47:06.300 Rajni Bala: at the most of the women they are going there and coming back, and the treatment is going on. There was one case highlighted one report. 283 00:47:06.320 --> 00:47:20.349 Rajni Bala: by Ndtv. India. They showed one women from Arizona. He she was chained by her own mother. Mothers told us, what I told them the Ndtv reporters that this girl is 284 00:47:20.400 --> 00:47:41.480 Rajni Bala: and she has taken her to rehabilitation centers at least 10 times. But there is no you know. there is nothing good coming out, so she's it mighty she's saying this drug addiction, rehabilitation centers are not working well, and no, she is trying to confine her to the house. 285 00:47:42.100 --> 00:47:54.589 Rajni Bala: So they are just going and coming back. They are not staying in Batia Hospital. There are 3 drug abuse of users, government drug users who are staying, but they also will stay for a few days and then go. 286 00:47:55.300 --> 00:48:05.679 This is this is the problem. In case of Assam we have rehabilitation centers where they are staying for long times and after recovery. 287 00:48:05.730 --> 00:48:07.750 only they are relieved 288 00:48:07.990 --> 00:48:14.379 like that. Anyway. My final thing I like to ask here 289 00:48:14.610 --> 00:48:18.840 is it? What is your suggestion? How to 290 00:48:19.690 --> 00:48:47.600 Rajni Bala: come out from this stigma and discrimination. Do you have any immediate? Yes, first of all, I want to tell that any, we should be sensitive. We should not be judgmental. And this particular thinking should be separate, that this drug addiction is not something which will outcast you from the society. This is a mental, you know problem, and anybody can get that. Anybody can be loaded. Anybody can be trapped into this. First of all, we have to understand that. 291 00:48:47.760 --> 00:49:04.660 Rajni Bala: And not only those women. We all should be sensitive towards this, and, secondly, the women rather dips. They should be having the family support, and this is escort from the society, they should in this way they should get courage to come forward for their treatment, and, thirdly. 292 00:49:04.660 --> 00:49:25.350 Rajni Bala: if there will be privacy in the Heidi habitation centers, the those rehabilitation centers would be considered you know. for the girls. Then I think parents would come forward for the treatment, and they will, you know, allow their girls to stay in their rehabilitation center till now. They feel that there there is no safety of the girls 293 00:49:25.350 --> 00:49:55.299 Rajni Bala: that they, you know they get violent attacks. And so that's why. So I think the all the policymakers and government, and all these, first of all, we have to come out of this thing that this drug addiction is not something you know, to be it, to stigmatize or to just disown a person, because most of the families. They also dishon the girls, boy, as they understand. I went to one case where the both of brother and sister they were Brother Dicks 294 00:49:55.300 --> 00:50:01.420 Rajni Bala: they were. Happily they are saying, You okay, we'll go for treatment for the boy. But the girls should not take. 295 00:50:01.470 --> 00:50:15.679 Rajni Bala: So this is the mentality. This is gender discrimination which is available everywhere, even if the treatment comes. Even if this is very bad for women to be drug addicts, so that I think the thinking should we should come out then only something will be done. 296 00:50:15.940 --> 00:50:25.439 even you. You have told that in some studies it was founded they are home and drug abusers are very unliable. 297 00:50:25.510 --> 00:50:36.480 Rajni Bala: and they're easily targeted for prostitutions. And all those things. Yeah, have you found any case like that? Yes, 2 cases I found 298 00:50:36.660 --> 00:50:48.509 Rajni Bala: 2 cases I found, but about that paddling I knew from different sources. But those girls they did not, you know, accept. But from around I could get that. These girls are into rapidly. 299 00:50:48.770 --> 00:50:50.029 Okay, okay. 300 00:50:50.170 --> 00:50:53.840 anyway. Thank you, Dr. Rosney. Biology. 301 00:50:53.930 --> 00:51:02.690 And now I think it is open for discussion any queries you have. Also, you can also ask 302 00:51:02.840 --> 00:51:03.890 on 303 00:51:04.470 --> 00:51:07.249 regarding purposes, Meta officers, paper. 304 00:51:08.360 --> 00:51:13.439 I really observed that, you know, alcoholism is also very, very 305 00:51:15.010 --> 00:51:20.550 interesting or problematic problem in Indian society and all over the world. 306 00:51:21.100 --> 00:51:23.549 It is a worldwide issue. 307 00:51:25.510 --> 00:51:33.439 and sometimes it is a fact. When I used to visit rehabilitation centers. 308 00:51:33.570 --> 00:51:34.820 I found that 309 00:51:36.520 --> 00:51:41.759 alcoholic people are more difficult to control than they drug abuses. 310 00:51:42.040 --> 00:51:48.480 because if the alcoholic people who are more. you know, I'll call it. So 311 00:51:48.960 --> 00:51:55.930 the volunteers of rehabilitation centers find more difficulties in handling them. 312 00:51:56.280 --> 00:51:59.540 So that is also a so do you think that? 313 00:51:59.690 --> 00:52:00.670 Yes. 314 00:52:01.110 --> 00:52:03.040 you can take the mic. 315 00:52:07.820 --> 00:52:09.600 Yes, I 316 00:52:09.790 --> 00:52:26.130 I really accept your comment. And the government is not aware about that. About the work of Ngos. And this problem, because every government in India is a State government, especially as As a 317 00:52:26.390 --> 00:52:35.240 looking at alcohol cells should be increased because it is a really main source of their income. 318 00:52:35.240 --> 00:52:59.210 and so they are not ready to control the availability of alcohol in the market, or they are not ready to control the advertisement, or they are not ready to licensing or the controlling the availability of alcohol, and that is why the young generation is using alcohol in a very, very 319 00:52:59.210 --> 00:53:07.579 a large scale, and it becomes a socially accepted non- nowadays, and that's become it starts the 320 00:53:07.580 --> 00:53:22.850 having first paid it starts the the the journey of towards alcoholism of a person. And so in coming years, the several new engine and the need of New Ngo can be emerged in India. 321 00:53:23.240 --> 00:53:27.049 Professor Meta, have you 322 00:53:27.290 --> 00:53:51.900 include some case study in your paper. yes, I I made several. I already mentioned. There are 3 groups in that organization which is a related one are the drug. Add alcohol addicts, second, one, their wives, then third, one their relatives. These I made several 323 00:53:51.900 --> 00:54:05.530 members of these 3 groups. And I come to know that these people, they are trying to control this leisure activity, and they are trying to turn up from 324 00:54:05.570 --> 00:54:21.060 this negative aspect of a leisure, and they are trying to find out that the new ledger activities, healthy leisure activities to build a healthy environment in the society at large, so I can I. I included some case studies, too. 325 00:54:21.350 --> 00:54:26.720 Thank you, Professor of sir, madam, thanks. And is there any question from the house. 326 00:54:27.940 --> 00:54:28.830 You. 327 00:54:30.080 --> 00:54:32.520 I think you have no questions. 328 00:54:32.640 --> 00:54:38.930 then. Actually, we we are having 4 papers all together in this session. 329 00:54:38.970 --> 00:54:42.389 and perhaps one is not here. 330 00:54:42.880 --> 00:54:47.150 I can show this screen hopefully. 331 00:54:50.560 --> 00:54:51.760 Oh. 332 00:55:01.470 --> 00:55:07.680 How to come. Can you help? 333 00:55:16.400 --> 00:55:17.450 Okay. 334 00:55:18.170 --> 00:55:19.490 so this is coming. 335 00:55:20.030 --> 00:55:30.000 so thank you very much. I think. Here we conclude this particular session, and 336 00:55:30.430 --> 00:55:36.320 and we have 3 papers all together. 337 00:55:38.500 --> 00:55:40.830 We have seen that 338 00:55:41.100 --> 00:55:46.740 both alcoholism and drug abuse is becoming a problem everywhere in the world. 339 00:55:47.440 --> 00:55:58.600 and government assesses trying to bring solution to it as well as the rehabilitation centers. They are working 340 00:55:59.800 --> 00:56:01.380 24 into 7 341 00:56:02.020 --> 00:56:13.399 to bring solution to this society. But what I understand is that society as a whole, we, the individuals, should also try to 342 00:56:13.410 --> 00:56:16.239 bring our level base before 343 00:56:16.970 --> 00:56:29.109 to bring them to the normal life bring them to their normal life, and we should not, as Razznimbala also is talking about who is not institute. We should not 344 00:56:29.240 --> 00:56:35.310 significant significant. Sigma. And all this time all this thing we should not. 345 00:56:35.470 --> 00:56:37.760 Think in time 346 00:56:37.950 --> 00:56:42.640 signatization is a process. We shoot a boy. 347 00:56:42.830 --> 00:56:46.410 and we should think that they are our brothers and sisters. 348 00:56:46.490 --> 00:56:52.200 we should bring today them to their normal life. Thank you very much. Thank you.