WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.001 --> 00:00:12.059 dear colleagues, welcome to our session early. Not so early in the morning. But at the last day of the conference. so I appreciate very much that you are here 2 00:00:12.350 --> 00:00:19.270 on behalf of everyone gathered. I pay respect to the spirit of country. Here in Nam, where we are meeting. 3 00:00:19.560 --> 00:00:27.470 I acknowledged the past and the present cooling nation forungeri voyeurong as the sovereign people. Here 4 00:00:27.640 --> 00:00:35.280 a cultural knowledge holders who maintain and promote a nam, a rapid aboriginal law, customs and custodianship. 5 00:00:35.340 --> 00:00:39.869 responsibilities for country and the people that 6 00:00:45.220 --> 00:00:46.360 no. 7 00:00:47.250 --> 00:00:50.720 they don't want to tell me that. Aerokee. No? 8 00:00:51.820 --> 00:00:57.819 This one I there! Okay, 9 00:00:58.080 --> 00:01:00.440 generation after generation. 10 00:01:00.660 --> 00:01:18.600 into the future. For all of us. I recognize the important contribution that first nation thinkers have made to sociology, including challenges to our dominant ways of thinking. We thank all the first nations, delegates in the room to day for their contributions to knowledge in the discipline. 11 00:01:19.410 --> 00:01:22.770 So we will start now with our 12 00:01:23.030 --> 00:01:37.029 gone with our conference here with our panel, and we have 3 remote presenters and one of the presenters joined us in the room in the very back. But I hope you will come in front and join us. 13 00:01:37.110 --> 00:01:52.349 we will start, and the 2 organizers are here. Do. Weina is here, and Ulrica is remotely linked to us, and the rigor will be the first to present her paper, which is 14 00:01:53.410 --> 00:02:04.990 room entrepreneurs in Zenigal. Yes, because the floor is yours. We will open up that you can share the screen. 15 00:02:05.350 --> 00:02:07.609 Ulrike Schuerkens: Okay, okay, I think that much. 16 00:02:15.970 --> 00:02:20.260 Ulrike Schuerkens: So this presentation is 17 00:02:26.410 --> 00:02:50.850 Ulrike Schuerkens: this is a presentation of for me. I'm only to shortens purpose. I trying to university in France. and the first part will be it's given by Professor. 18 00:02:50.850 --> 00:03:12.629 Ulrike Schuerkens: We will speak in French, but we will have the pop and presentations in English, so that everybody can follow. what? We present them. Yeah, 3 presenters. in French. And the last wasn't in presentable. 19 00:03:13.480 --> 00:03:19.270 Ulrike Schuerkens: So I give so a to. 20 00:03:21.020 --> 00:03:21.690 okay. 21 00:03:21.810 --> 00:03:24.419 Ulrike Schuerkens: Oh, my. 22 00:03:32.380 --> 00:03:37.029 Ababacar Dieng: we can. We can see you. Thank you very much. 23 00:03:38.750 --> 00:03:40.639 Ababacar Dieng: yeah. 24 00:03:42.040 --> 00:03:47.119 Ulrike Schuerkens: Yes. 25 00:03:52.140 --> 00:03:53.620 Ababacar Dieng: okay. 26 00:03:58.760 --> 00:04:01.649 Ababacar Dieng: Over the 27 00:04:01.770 --> 00:04:03.320 Ababacar Dieng: key. 28 00:04:09.010 --> 00:04:13.270 Ababacar Dieng: he said. The said, don a of it. 29 00:04:13.790 --> 00:04:17.330 Ababacar Dieng: So you see doing anket 30 00:04:17.500 --> 00:04:19.379 Ababacar Dieng: organiz a 31 00:04:45.390 --> 00:04:47.020 Ababacar Dieng: The politic public. 32 00:04:47.530 --> 00:04:50.710 Ababacar Dieng: Lia 33 00:04:50.840 --> 00:04:54.120 Ababacar Dieng: the like that the the 34 00:04:56.990 --> 00:04:58.290 Ababacar Dieng: listen I 35 00:05:03.770 --> 00:05:08.640 it's it's it's it pops. So you can get to operate this Unity's economy 36 00:05:16.630 --> 00:05:18.219 Ababacar Dieng: for many employment. 37 00:05:24.980 --> 00:05:32.340 Ababacar Dieng: No, no, no, Santa Cruz, Format it it 38 00:05:55.430 --> 00:05:56.999 Ababacar Dieng: if it you or Senegal. 39 00:06:22.250 --> 00:06:31.219 Ababacar Dieng: Okay, see of of of 40 00:06:31.290 --> 00:06:35.250 Ababacar Dieng: no to double, or I don't. 41 00:06:38.460 --> 00:06:40.420 Ababacar Dieng: So 42 00:06:46.420 --> 00:06:57.190 Ababacar Dieng: no 43 00:06:57.590 --> 00:07:02.150 Ababacar Dieng: Katharine deposit is on the piece 44 00:07:40.180 --> 00:07:44.909 Ababacar Dieng: they they's a they they call them down to 45 00:08:23.380 --> 00:08:27.389 Ababacar Dieng: Let's 36 on the 46 00:08:57.730 --> 00:09:10.119 Ababacar Dieng: the the, the, the, the, the the the the the, the, the, the, the the the the 47 00:09:22.460 --> 00:09:23.280 Ababacar Dieng: good. 48 00:09:58.390 --> 00:10:00.419 Ababacar Dieng: hey? The Lord they deserve, for, sir. 49 00:10:00.640 --> 00:10:03.680 Ababacar Dieng: I'm 50 00:10:30.940 --> 00:10:31.860 Ababacar Dieng: dot com 51 00:11:10.580 --> 00:11:12.170 Ababacar Dieng: okay. See 52 00:11:57.030 --> 00:12:06.229 Ababacar Dieng: from no party deploy. Kalenevo? The diploma 53 00:12:14.410 --> 00:12:17.000 Ababacar Dieng: the 54 00:12:47.270 --> 00:12:48.150 Ababacar Dieng: that he 55 00:12:48.580 --> 00:12:58.620 Ulrike Schuerkens: okay. 56 00:15:26.250 --> 00:15:29.430 Ulrike Schuerkens: he's like to 57 00:16:10.080 --> 00:16:13.969 Ulrike Schuerkens: don't get me 58 00:16:14.240 --> 00:16:15.979 Ulrike Schuerkens: side down. 59 00:16:16.000 --> 00:16:30.480 Ulrike Schuerkens: Yeah 60 00:17:55.440 --> 00:17:59.050 Ulrike Schuerkens: by me. 61 00:18:00.230 --> 00:18:03.239 Ulrike Schuerkens: I'm not going to zoom. 62 00:21:01.620 --> 00:21:05.590 Ulrike Schuerkens: You should know that. 63 00:21:06.040 --> 00:21:07.399 Thank you very much. 64 00:21:10.960 --> 00:21:27.280 Yeah. Unfortunately, we had some problems with with the slides they were overlapping. That is a question of connection, of Internet connection. Hopefully, the English speakers could at least roughly follow where it's on where we moved. 65 00:21:27.280 --> 00:21:46.259 I think we will have one out all the presentations, one after another, and discuss at the end And I see that there will be cross connections as well. They are very close from the topics. That means many thanks to liquor and 66 00:21:46.290 --> 00:21:47.750 to 67 00:21:47.860 --> 00:21:49.590 Ulrike Schuerkens: I like, I, 68 00:21:49.750 --> 00:22:09.259 yeah. And that means we move to the next. 69 00:22:09.380 --> 00:22:16.159 Ulrike Schuerkens: The 70 00:22:18.650 --> 00:22:22.799 I thought Paul was connected. 71 00:22:23.210 --> 00:22:24.100 Paul. 72 00:22:24.780 --> 00:22:30.809 Ulrike Schuerkens: for 73 00:22:31.080 --> 00:22:32.540 no, no. 74 00:22:36.180 --> 00:22:40.299 So we can distribute it later. Yeah, yeah, okay. 75 00:22:40.340 --> 00:22:51.330 Ulrike Schuerkens: so because we thought, Paul, I got the information. Paul is via Internet. But he's not here in in the. 76 00:23:09.480 --> 00:23:28.189 So so the question is how to follow it and how to change the slides. Paul, if you could just use a next slide, please, and I will move the slides for you 77 00:24:06.790 --> 00:24:09.220 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: in the provision. More probably, if I'm 78 00:24:09.320 --> 00:24:15.700 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: Italians. 79 00:24:15.940 --> 00:24:18.969 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: Okay, I cool. They don't do 80 00:24:26.780 --> 00:24:30.769 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: points to you on the double, unusual or upload of contexts. 81 00:24:31.040 --> 00:24:36.999 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: It's a. It's a, it's a, it's a, it's a it's a it's a 82 00:24:37.110 --> 00:24:38.210 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: slide. 83 00:25:32.820 --> 00:25:38.410 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: you know. 84 00:27:02.830 --> 00:27:08.190 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: That's why it's it's 85 00:27:34.110 --> 00:27:36.639 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: okay. Is this possible they want to 86 00:27:44.700 --> 00:27:57.930 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: don't because I want Osiro Gav. They will see a technical traffic. They need to. So 87 00:28:48.510 --> 00:28:50.210 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: don't go right. 88 00:29:37.790 --> 00:29:40.389 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: and you on a possibility that stay on group. 89 00:30:05.170 --> 00:30:06.460 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: If you don't go. 90 00:30:27.970 --> 00:30:29.430 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: So 91 00:31:21.860 --> 00:31:24.770 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: they move from down to the 92 00:31:41.770 --> 00:31:46.529 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: so it 93 00:31:56.370 --> 00:31:57.850 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: I said that it to. 94 00:32:13.860 --> 00:32:17.849 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: So it will be 95 00:32:35.960 --> 00:32:37.210 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: on the 96 00:32:48.420 --> 00:32:52.660 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: the 97 00:33:21.790 --> 00:33:30.820 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: the, the, the, the the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the the the and 98 00:34:09.620 --> 00:34:10.760 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: don't. 99 00:34:28.530 --> 00:34:32.860 Ulrike Schuerkens: It's a it's it's a. It's the next slide. 100 00:34:33.570 --> 00:34:35.560 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: yeah. 101 00:34:38.130 --> 00:34:44.990 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: a a a a a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a, a. 102 00:35:18.530 --> 00:35:26.199 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: The 103 00:35:26.350 --> 00:35:29.460 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: we. We had a promotion piece on some 104 00:35:40.060 --> 00:35:41.270 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: don't 105 00:35:49.750 --> 00:35:53.560 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: don't! 106 00:36:17.660 --> 00:36:21.430 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: She encountered the that they are in addition to the 107 00:36:29.220 --> 00:36:34.209 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: the 108 00:37:08.770 --> 00:37:09.980 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: biscuit. 109 00:37:31.900 --> 00:37:36.100 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: Don't go. 110 00:37:37.130 --> 00:37:38.740 Ulrike Schuerkens: Thank you very much. 111 00:37:42.930 --> 00:37:43.740 So 112 00:37:47.710 --> 00:37:54.989 thank you very much for most of you. You will have realized that Oson stands for a supermarket. 113 00:37:55.000 --> 00:38:01.989 It's an French supermarket chain. but out of the infamy, out of the 114 00:38:02.340 --> 00:38:11.289 that what is presented on the on the slides. It was, it was clear, anyway. So we directly move to the next percent as mustaf as a 115 00:38:11.510 --> 00:38:36.510 and he's presenting a contribution on some. 116 00:38:36.850 --> 00:38:40.460 I'll feed it here. Okay? Good. Yeah. 117 00:39:00.690 --> 00:39:01.500 Moustapha: Hello. 118 00:39:01.790 --> 00:39:03.660 Hello. Okay. 119 00:39:06.560 --> 00:39:07.590 Moustapha: The 120 00:39:09.430 --> 00:39:11.920 Moustapha: we. 121 00:40:04.950 --> 00:40:08.180 Ulrike Schuerkens: Okay, I'm 122 00:40:08.440 --> 00:40:11.640 Moustapha: we. 123 00:40:11.730 --> 00:40:18.769 Moustapha: It's it's the don't sit in it. 124 00:40:40.610 --> 00:40:47.130 Moustapha: The key of a and program to the maybe not. 125 00:40:50.880 --> 00:40:53.329 Moustapha: Now, when you go to the top of the farm. 126 00:41:06.550 --> 00:41:07.330 Moustapha: So 127 00:41:21.830 --> 00:41:26.280 Moustapha: Donkeji, paralytic contacts, Jupon's compasses for the context slide. 128 00:41:26.630 --> 00:41:27.820 Moustapha: slight cut 129 00:41:28.350 --> 00:41:33.379 Moustapha: single place like this. 130 00:42:10.880 --> 00:42:17.150 Ulrike Schuerkens: I don't so. 131 00:42:38.880 --> 00:42:40.330 or just slide. 132 00:42:40.630 --> 00:42:43.629 Moustapha: I am. I am imposed in this slight phone 133 00:42:43.840 --> 00:42:45.119 Moustapha: slide. 4. 134 00:42:45.420 --> 00:42:51.640 Ulrike Schuerkens: Do you see the number of the sides, you can see the numbers. 135 00:43:02.920 --> 00:43:05.330 Moustapha: This is the 136 00:43:20.210 --> 00:43:21.070 Moustapha: good. 137 00:43:21.410 --> 00:43:23.980 Moustapha: No, no, they should do this. You did. 138 00:43:45.810 --> 00:43:50.200 Ulrike Schuerkens: you see? 139 00:43:51.530 --> 00:43:53.160 Moustapha: I see. 140 00:43:53.480 --> 00:43:56.940 Ulrike Schuerkens: No, I see. Introduction 2 to 2 141 00:44:32.880 --> 00:44:35.099 Ulrike Schuerkens: on the 142 00:44:40.990 --> 00:44:41.940 Hello! 143 00:44:44.200 --> 00:44:45.570 Ulrike Schuerkens: What's that for? 144 00:44:48.470 --> 00:44:49.720 I think here. 145 00:45:30.860 --> 00:45:37.430 Moustapha: I don't. 146 00:45:53.700 --> 00:45:55.620 Ulrike Schuerkens: Methodology now. 147 00:45:55.750 --> 00:45:58.450 Moustapha: like, first of all. 148 00:46:12.350 --> 00:46:14.309 Moustapha: I don't. 149 00:46:30.780 --> 00:46:36.529 Moustapha: is a certain slide of methodology leads to the collect least with you to collect 150 00:47:19.180 --> 00:47:22.600 Moustapha: first 3 entire is in Tau, one, the profile they form. 151 00:47:26.090 --> 00:47:34.070 Moustapha: the the the group. 152 00:47:34.650 --> 00:47:41.140 Moustapha: the 153 00:47:57.680 --> 00:48:01.670 Moustapha: next slide. 154 00:48:29.550 --> 00:48:30.250 Moustapha: Oh, cool. 155 00:48:57.550 --> 00:49:01.970 Moustapha: and 156 00:49:03.350 --> 00:49:05.610 Moustapha: next slide resume T. 2. 157 00:49:23.490 --> 00:49:32.760 Moustapha: I'm not sure that I I if you see the problem, etc., I don't. I don't put the condition in the 158 00:49:33.500 --> 00:49:42.570 Moustapha: next slide. The 159 00:50:06.530 --> 00:50:14.890 Moustapha: I don't. 160 00:50:15.280 --> 00:50:23.130 Moustapha: The it 161 00:50:59.450 --> 00:51:01.810 Ulrike Schuerkens: on top. 162 00:51:09.630 --> 00:51:10.840 Ulrike Schuerkens: Who suffer. 163 00:51:13.850 --> 00:51:14.900 Moustapha: you mean 164 00:52:10.830 --> 00:52:12.260 for people who are 165 00:52:25.610 --> 00:52:32.810 Ulrike Schuerkens: the problem is, it's right in San Diego, and she's in his 166 00:52:36.030 --> 00:52:38.000 Moustapha: Hello. 167 00:53:27.890 --> 00:53:39.930 Moustapha: next slide 168 00:54:24.210 --> 00:54:26.120 Moustapha: next slide. Resident 4. 169 00:54:26.650 --> 00:54:28.010 Moustapha: It is in full. 170 00:54:28.160 --> 00:54:30.619 Ulrike Schuerkens: maybe 171 00:54:49.620 --> 00:54:58.860 Moustapha: la Premier for 172 00:55:34.230 --> 00:55:35.380 Moustapha: next slide. 173 00:55:35.560 --> 00:55:42.759 Moustapha: the second form of organization 174 00:55:42.880 --> 00:55:44.360 Moustapha: you want us to prove 175 00:56:27.310 --> 00:56:34.800 Moustapha: he. 176 00:56:48.220 --> 00:56:50.060 Moustapha: Okay. 177 00:56:52.790 --> 00:56:55.189 Ulrike Schuerkens: But it was like. 178 00:58:01.650 --> 00:58:04.750 Moustapha: Yeah, I correct it. It's on. Still, most of you are the same 179 00:58:57.380 --> 00:59:00.690 Moustapha: next slide to you. 180 00:59:07.740 --> 00:59:10.420 Moustapha: He slowly put up on, do it. Well, I 181 01:00:01.360 --> 01:00:02.260 Moustapha: the 182 01:01:00.450 --> 01:01:03.410 Moustapha: for 183 01:02:15.440 --> 01:02:20.140 Moustapha: you don't play 184 01:02:20.250 --> 01:02:23.290 Moustapha: the 185 01:02:30.690 --> 01:02:32.330 Moustapha: the 186 01:02:36.830 --> 01:02:38.359 Moustapha: if it is activity day. 187 01:02:50.310 --> 01:02:53.160 Moustapha: the 188 01:03:04.120 --> 01:03:28.139 Moustapha: mercy, and thank you very much, and thank you very much for the patience in the audience. Here 189 01:03:30.450 --> 01:03:35.309 we struggle with the global inequalities. With regard to Internet. 190 01:03:35.500 --> 01:03:44.079 now, we have a much more easy task. We move to a presenter who is here in the room. 191 01:03:44.330 --> 01:03:57.780 and so that one. It's your turn. Please come in front. So we are very happy to see a person here and to listen you directly. And the topic is 192 01:03:57.990 --> 01:04:10.169 the sorry the challenge of young female social entrepreneurs. After COVID-19, a case study of Mwangpong village in Mayhong Song. Thailand 193 01:04:15.710 --> 01:04:16.730 had enough 194 01:04:17.790 --> 01:04:19.960 here. 195 01:04:34.070 --> 01:04:35.930 Morning, everyone. 196 01:04:37.060 --> 01:04:45.589 First of all today. I would like to do my sale. My name is if I want to. That's on board today. I'm going to P. 197 01:04:45.600 --> 01:04:52.200 The Lizard paper the Talents of Young Female. So she on to her in the post COVID-19 198 01:05:08.650 --> 01:05:16.440 into that son. The Lisa will provide insight into the talents by by young female social entrepreneur. 199 01:05:17.800 --> 01:05:21.959 Didn't want to fall in So in Thailand, in the course. COVID-19. 200 01:05:28.500 --> 01:05:29.439 Thank you. 201 01:05:30.000 --> 01:05:35.279 mon, for an village in Thailand or for comedy back to Aly, some in 202 01:05:35.950 --> 01:05:50.290 and nearby. The famous tourist attacks on the so-called tumbo-thom feel to identify the silence and limitation that young females are so to have no faith in running their business during the pyramid. 203 01:05:51.160 --> 01:05:52.910 The least we will 204 01:05:54.040 --> 01:06:02.979 the least so aimed to export motivation, orientation, and silence by a young female social entrepreneur. In the English. 205 01:06:05.530 --> 01:06:15.079 Our posts export really are female and young entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurships, and crisis management. 206 01:06:17.900 --> 01:06:22.770 The pandemic has had a significant impact on 207 01:06:23.820 --> 01:06:26.169 female. So she entrepreneurs 208 01:06:26.310 --> 01:06:37.650 affecting their business sustainability and goals. They study specifically for cast on first year to 8 and adolescent young entrepreneurs. 209 01:06:39.270 --> 01:06:49.590 social entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, introduced in mid nineteenth century has gained popularity in past decade. Young female 210 01:06:49.680 --> 01:06:52.320 entrepreneurship peck 211 01:06:52.490 --> 01:07:08.680 and important law in social entrepreneurship during crisis crisis management. He's tallly colleague, Kis and Pedamy required effective crisis management crisis management in warty. Shop 212 01:07:08.960 --> 01:07:18.489 he he heis cassis and port cases, young females so young. Tovenue pay a key role in crisis management and prosperity learning 213 01:07:21.270 --> 01:07:29.060 Lisa de Sigh. The least third. we will use a case that they decide to investigate the challenge. 214 01:07:29.280 --> 01:07:43.829 but by a young female. So she on to her no in-born mountains on Thailand after the COVID-19. Pediment qualitative data was correct to in-depth into a whit community. Best to live soon. Business 215 01:07:44.150 --> 01:07:59.280 between July and August 2,022. The study for God on motivation, intention. and the impact of the pyramid, including has no characteristic self efficiency. 216 01:07:59.510 --> 01:08:13.279 Question will test for Li liability and reality the same things that we will be proposed something, and the samples I will be a and female. So she entrepreneurs 217 01:08:14.010 --> 01:08:22.690 stakeholder, will invoke in disgust, sing and validating in that influenza. 218 01:08:23.510 --> 01:08:26.499 hospitality, force and revelation 219 01:08:26.610 --> 01:08:30.299 and handicapped more and family business 220 01:08:32.800 --> 01:08:42.670 data analysis. The data will be called and Cedac or I. You are seeing the timetable, of course, to identify hormone theme and pattern 221 01:08:44.620 --> 01:08:52.689 data. Calculation will be done to ensure the 222 01:08:52.800 --> 01:08:57.909 Kulazi and the liability of the fighting schematic analysis. 223 01:08:58.180 --> 01:09:10.529 We we used to analyze the data and conclusion. For example, the informants will to answer the following question. The first, why do you start your business? 224 01:09:10.620 --> 01:09:17.650 The second was, what impact has the covid pan on your business? 225 01:09:17.950 --> 01:09:23.690 And how do you manage your business during and post COVID-19? 226 01:09:24.800 --> 01:09:34.370 And the last, how do you indicate problems of wing into your business, and do you need anything to prepare 227 01:09:36.910 --> 01:09:52.090 fighting? Only solve the least all of this, that the based on a leave will uplift her little and second alley, document and semi stuck there into a widow and female social to her. No, have a tea category. 228 01:09:52.100 --> 01:10:05.969 The challenge, impact and strategy. The first challenge, lack of and to finance, impact legal profit, ability and goals, strategy seeking support from government agencies. 229 01:10:06.100 --> 01:10:30.459 The second challenge, lack of business knowledge and skill, impact, low productivity and efficiency. Saturday networking opportunities, the last challenge, societal norm and Expectation impact Limited market opportunities. And this last strategy capacity building entitled 230 01:10:31.570 --> 01:10:35.830 Concorde and the family of these deleisers. 231 01:10:36.890 --> 01:10:58.219 the Lisa Ted lie on the Thailand, spread by young female social entrepreneur in one of and Thailand in the post COVID-19, key fighting, the key, fighting in cool lack of essay to finance, like off-business, knowledge and skill managed. And so Cytonom and expectation. 232 01:10:58.220 --> 01:11:10.799 the recommendation include mentorship of gam networking opportunities and capacity building initative to support young female social entrepreneurs for long-term 233 01:11:11.220 --> 01:11:12.660 less than 234 01:11:13.800 --> 01:11:18.160 my little and and thank you for attention. 235 01:11:26.060 --> 01:11:29.420 Well, thank you very much. Now we face a challenge 236 01:11:29.450 --> 01:11:48.120 we going to discuss these things bilingual. But the arena volunteered to help us. So that yeah, all all the other way around. So the main thing is, any questions, any comments? 237 01:11:49.320 --> 01:11:53.970 Yeah. Please come to the mic. There. 238 01:11:55.850 --> 01:12:02.850 Ok, I'm just interested in the presentation. 239 01:12:03.040 --> 01:12:04.450 what's that? 240 01:12:04.760 --> 01:12:07.919 What? I'm not quite sure. 241 01:12:08.770 --> 01:12:09.590 Yes. 242 01:12:09.810 --> 01:12:11.939 sorry. He's online. 243 01:12:24.990 --> 01:12:26.379 Moustapha: Yeah, we can try. 244 01:12:26.500 --> 01:12:31.009 Okay, yes. 245 01:12:31.200 --> 01:12:36.259 you sorry. you just 246 01:12:37.590 --> 01:12:41.740 I couldn't. Yeah, okay. But 247 01:12:42.100 --> 01:12:52.820 the women who are involved in informal sector market. Yes. And could it be like 248 01:12:53.210 --> 01:13:16.870 or the ownership of some more entrepreneur, and she can can. Can. They can run their own business and provide like a social welfare, or get back ending, which is a last market like capitalist market in some products 249 01:13:17.310 --> 01:13:24.190 that they don't buy them. So I'm not quite sure. Yeah, sorry. You understand my point. 250 01:13:49.020 --> 01:13:51.550 We we, we, we, we 251 01:14:16.300 --> 01:14:17.960 Moustapha: and to 252 01:15:40.640 --> 01:15:43.120 Moustapha: it's a passage that only I would get. So 253 01:15:44.010 --> 01:15:44.809 I see. 254 01:15:45.060 --> 01:16:08.360 okay, here we go. I'll try just to to Translate it quickly. actually, the the answer is, if I understand correctly now, and the The idea is is that the field work, cons concerned. 255 01:16:08.360 --> 01:16:29.099 women who are working in the informal sector. Yes. So because of that. those women are are struggling with with having access to to. 256 01:16:29.100 --> 01:16:35.580 the formal structure is, let's say, let's say, like this. And yeah. 257 01:16:39.610 --> 01:16:41.239 have a question. 258 01:16:44.270 --> 01:16:49.149 Okay, I have a question to like a ab account. 259 01:17:12.570 --> 01:17:28.039 Ulrike Schuerkens: I've tried to give information on the the contact side and on the 260 01:17:28.040 --> 01:17:50.739 Ulrike Schuerkens: so I have done research among who had to rather high level of socioeconomic status so and do running to Europe and Africa and had high social positions. And I've tried to 261 01:17:50.820 --> 01:18:03.800 Ulrike Schuerkens: I see in one sense, the combined characteristics with a business of understanding coming from Europe. 262 01:18:03.860 --> 01:18:23.520 Ulrike Schuerkens: And this one the combining these 2 origins and our 263 01:18:28.500 --> 01:18:30.679 Ababacar Dieng: we on it 264 01:18:32.380 --> 01:18:38.769 Ababacar Dieng: poorly. Look at your location. I on it is a 265 01:18:56.160 --> 01:18:59.860 Ababacar Dieng: the 266 01:19:08.630 --> 01:19:12.560 Ababacar Dieng: you see the delivered on to piece 267 01:19:19.210 --> 01:19:25.620 Ababacar Dieng: the 268 01:19:26.440 --> 01:19:30.210 Ababacar Dieng: what's that? 269 01:19:36.100 --> 01:19:39.479 Ababacar Dieng: Yeah, the 270 01:19:39.730 --> 01:19:40.999 Ababacar Dieng: they focus group 271 01:19:50.470 --> 01:19:55.570 Ababacar Dieng: at that time. And I feel so focused group, they found 272 01:19:57.880 --> 01:20:03.560 Ababacar Dieng: and don't you form it a group. We see the the, the taxi men 273 01:20:17.300 --> 01:20:22.630 Ababacar Dieng: it 274 01:20:22.740 --> 01:20:26.519 Ababacar Dieng: you don't be available for 275 01:20:26.530 --> 01:20:34.660 Ababacar Dieng: who like your son as a secure a 276 01:20:34.820 --> 01:20:37.670 Ababacar Dieng: okay? 277 01:20:38.320 --> 01:20:41.450 Ababacar Dieng: Well, it's on the day's example. 278 01:20:45.930 --> 01:20:49.130 Ababacar Dieng: It's a 279 01:20:50.120 --> 01:21:13.869 for those not understanding French. I ask whether they have other services of income, the women and it has not been systematically researched. But there are some examples that show that these women entrepreneurs may have other services of income at the same time, but it's not systematically part of the study? 280 01:21:14.410 --> 01:21:16.060 Any other questions. 281 01:21:19.260 --> 01:21:20.830 All right. 282 01:21:22.830 --> 01:22:07.480 in Senegal, because 90% of enterprises in informal sector is a huge figure. It's a huge amount, so can you define it? Please Boo Cuve, who definition of the sector and format 283 01:22:07.630 --> 01:22:09.850 If he 284 01:22:28.530 --> 01:22:33.490 actually, you mentioned a lot. 285 01:22:33.540 --> 01:22:59.580 the role of societal norms and expectations. You have the same question. So can you explain far the role of social norms and the social expectations in the evolution of those women young women in entrepreneurship. 286 01:22:59.610 --> 01:23:00.630 Thank you. 287 01:23:02.570 --> 01:23:08.320 Ulrike Schuerkens: You. 288 01:23:09.860 --> 01:23:17.700 Moustapha: we 289 01:24:07.570 --> 01:24:17.470 Moustapha: There is the 290 01:24:40.600 --> 01:24:57.740 Ulrike Schuerkens: The main difference to the foreign sector is that these informal enterprises are not resist that in Senegal. And another factor is that. They 291 01:24:57.800 --> 01:25:03.630 Ulrike Schuerkens: don't. I make a 292 01:25:03.870 --> 01:25:08.659 Ulrike Schuerkens: don't right there profits. And 293 01:25:08.760 --> 01:25:12.580 I'm accounting. Actually. 294 01:25:12.590 --> 01:25:14.730 Ulrike Schuerkens: okay, that's okay. 295 01:25:15.050 --> 01:25:24.520 And we don't pay taxes. Okay? So yeah. 296 01:25:49.620 --> 01:25:50.550 Ulrike Schuerkens: yeah. 297 01:26:32.040 --> 01:26:35.220 Ababacar Dieng: and contribution. I, 298 01:26:35.370 --> 01:26:37.870 Ababacar Dieng: you want to be sure. 299 01:26:43.750 --> 01:26:49.919 Ababacar Dieng: let me pass. Conf it lies on the piece. I formal. They they format only 300 01:27:13.430 --> 01:27:18.899 Ababacar Dieng: I mean, we see puffer live contribution unique 301 01:27:19.300 --> 01:27:21.130 in so far up. 302 01:27:21.840 --> 01:27:23.070 Ababacar Dieng: Don't the 303 01:27:23.240 --> 01:27:26.300 Ulrike Schuerkens: the forces. Huh? 304 01:27:26.470 --> 01:27:28.350 Ababacar Dieng: Yes, yes, it's it's not easy. 305 01:27:28.380 --> 01:27:35.230 Ulrike Schuerkens: Okay, doing today. honey. 306 01:27:35.430 --> 01:27:58.320 Yeah. Okay. So the idea is that the informal sector is defined by those enterprises which are not registered as such. So those enterprises have no a number of an identification number. 307 01:27:58.400 --> 01:28:16.469 and the second criterion criterion is that The those enterprises have no Formal accounting surveys, I mean they are not. 308 01:28:16.520 --> 01:28:24.699 recording the transactions according to the general accounting norms. Right? 309 01:28:24.730 --> 01:28:31.939 But those enterprises pay. 310 01:28:32.190 --> 01:28:41.700 I don't know how to translate in English, but don't. it's it's you know. can you say an English patent 311 01:28:41.970 --> 01:28:58.619 Ulrike Schuerkens: it like a a license. Yeah, a kind of license. And you just pay once this license, which gives the right to make some trade or something like this. 312 01:28:58.770 --> 01:29:12.440 and in addition, the those informal enterprises are paying And an additional annual tax. 313 01:29:12.840 --> 01:29:17.869 Based also on on this license. 314 01:29:18.060 --> 01:29:37.619 Ulrike Schuerkens: Yes, and in any case these enterprises are known now. So the definition of informal informant is rather strange. So I guess. okay, it's not a and we cannot propose it to illegal right? 315 01:29:37.680 --> 01:29:42.169 I mean, informal is not illegal. Yeah, okay, thank you. 316 01:29:42.560 --> 01:29:44.760 Moustapha: Yes, it's difference. 317 01:29:45.160 --> 01:29:46.950 Organizations. 318 01:29:47.580 --> 01:30:03.010 Yes, I I just would like to share a bit from Thailand. So I think it's similar to in Thailand in the past. About 10 years ago it 70 or 80% 319 01:30:03.030 --> 01:30:08.720 of women are involved in the labor force. Yeah, informal sector. 320 01:30:08.730 --> 01:30:16.359 but right now it's it's quite a better than before, because we have, like social insurance. 321 01:30:16.420 --> 01:30:18.740 a law that they can 322 01:30:18.820 --> 01:30:29.339 get some welfare. But I I don't know. In in Senegal. Do they have right check, union or organization? Yes. 323 01:30:45.110 --> 01:30:47.330 Ulrike Schuerkens: we 324 01:30:48.670 --> 01:30:50.779 Moustapha: we 325 01:32:12.210 --> 01:32:15.510 Moustapha: and took a with that. 326 01:32:23.040 --> 01:32:23.890 Moustapha: What I 327 01:32:25.310 --> 01:32:26.350 Moustapha: triple. 328 01:32:45.440 --> 01:32:50.499 Okay, thank you. Mercy. actually, the 329 01:32:50.550 --> 01:33:09.509 There are trade unions in Senegal, but usually they those trade unions are regrouping. mostly. formal. Yeah. I mean employees from 330 01:33:09.510 --> 01:33:24.730 formal enterprises, and because the informal sector is huge and heterogeneous, and so forth. There is 331 01:33:24.730 --> 01:33:31.369 There are some struggles to 332 01:33:31.990 --> 01:33:44.949 for Confederate, all those in entrepreneurs, the formal entrepreneurs in in trade unions. 333 01:33:44.950 --> 01:34:04.080 and nevertheless they are. They have some programs trying to to sensibilize informal workers, informal entrepreneurs to join those 334 01:34:04.080 --> 01:34:17.249 trade unions. So yeah, in any case, there is a policy in sending out to for my lies. informal enterprises. 335 01:34:17.330 --> 01:34:26.609 Ulrike Schuerkens: There is an organization that takes care of 336 01:34:26.730 --> 01:34:55.430 Ulrike Schuerkens: enterprise and helps them to go to formal status. There is a huge political really to change this situation now. But There are many constraints and people are not very good to do this, but that's what it could be to change this situation now. 337 01:34:55.430 --> 01:35:24.769 Ulrike Schuerkens: And in any case, compared to other countries, I think the definition of the informant sector is your other. so that When we compare to other countries, the situation is a little bit different. It's all these Texas that these informal enterprises pay, and the fact that they are known that they 338 01:35:24.770 --> 01:35:42.599 Ulrike Schuerkens: that. The also to know about the This means that there is a certain I mean to formalize, and in fact so some form of for manization compat for other countries, I guess. 339 01:35:43.840 --> 01:35:45.200 Thank you. 340 01:35:47.910 --> 01:35:59.730 So, Satan. And expectation to shame in choice when go to towel in Mongol the last 341 01:35:59.880 --> 01:36:06.679 before I have a cases. If to ais, go to in Mumbai 342 01:36:08.300 --> 01:36:15.400 that purchase souvenir and something else. But have cases 343 01:36:15.510 --> 01:36:18.510 any behavioral change 344 01:36:18.770 --> 01:36:21.569 everything to push it is a 345 01:36:21.730 --> 01:36:25.780 get some 346 01:36:25.950 --> 01:36:28.640 thing or hold up if 347 01:36:28.690 --> 01:36:30.250 it 348 01:36:30.360 --> 01:36:32.969 have value and 349 01:36:39.740 --> 01:36:41.750 it's where you 350 01:36:44.380 --> 01:37:18.949 I see, I think it's they they calculate is it beneficial or not? If the the tourists want to buy something when they go? Yeah. Such a. Yes, yes. Yes. 351 01:37:19.160 --> 01:37:32.500 yeah. yeah, entrepreneur is. So bring this problem and shame strategy to death. society and economy in 352 01:37:32.570 --> 01:37:34.290 relish. Push. 353 01:37:34.780 --> 01:37:40.059 Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. 354 01:37:40.260 --> 01:37:43.139 And you have a question? Yeah? 355 01:37:46.410 --> 01:38:05.179 Well, I assume that many of the female entrepreneurs are also martyrs. at the same time. So my question would be, for both the Saint Greece's case, and and also for the Thai case. How how they deal with being motors as well as entrepreneurs. 356 01:38:32.900 --> 01:38:47.929 Moustapha: we we will start with 357 01:39:00.049 --> 01:39:01.660 Moustapha: the point of view. 358 01:39:28.180 --> 01:39:29.209 Moustapha: The 359 01:39:33.309 --> 01:39:35.429 Moustapha: you don't get to really dig 360 01:40:32.610 --> 01:40:38.209 Moustapha: like it. Basically. 361 01:41:03.080 --> 01:41:27.659 Okay. Mercy. thank you. I know. so I will translate. actually, the answer is that this is a a huge question, a general question, and In order to answer where we should have a look on the different characteristics of the 362 01:41:27.660 --> 01:41:49.679 ooman's status like polygamy monogamy, and so forth. But certainly there is this equilibrium between the the of omens and man's in entrepreneurship. 363 01:41:49.680 --> 01:42:18.890 And basically this is due to social norms which claims the claim that women first of all need to take care about their husband, their children, take care about the household, and then to involve or to join this kind of of activities. 364 01:42:19.140 --> 01:42:20.030 Yeah. 365 01:42:21.870 --> 01:42:22.540 okay. 366 01:42:37.480 --> 01:42:39.410 okay, yeah. 367 01:42:40.970 --> 01:42:42.080 Oh. 368 01:42:43.180 --> 01:42:52.459 from in depth. In we all the so young female so young to know he she lies. 369 01:42:55.310 --> 01:42:58.459 come with you. 370 01:42:58.740 --> 01:43:05.510 yes, and the lie of it. I work of it out. 371 01:43:07.050 --> 01:43:08.440 Yeah. 372 01:43:08.660 --> 01:43:18.399 young female in Thailand nowadays. They want to do their own business, but go to 373 01:43:18.400 --> 01:43:44.160 work like in the company office. Yeah. So that's why they are many like, yeah, yeah. Yeah, young young generation, what female and male they want to do or run their own business right? And we come to be right. entrepreneurship. Yeah. But I think we, we still have a problem. How how can they success or something like that? 374 01:43:44.550 --> 01:43:51.699 Probably you can explain more how? Yeah. 375 01:43:54.580 --> 01:44:04.359 it's their personal life, their mother's status with the entrepreneurship. 376 01:44:07.030 --> 01:44:07.700 Yeah. 377 01:44:09.970 --> 01:44:14.390 we, don't we? And there 378 01:44:15.080 --> 01:44:38.679 because young entrepreneur don't have family. yes, yes, single. yes, good. Okay, thank you. Okay. There was a very, very, very last question for Rica. We are running out of time. A very short question, and even a short answer might still be possible. 379 01:44:39.670 --> 01:45:01.630 Ulrike Schuerkens: Okay, I 380 01:45:01.630 --> 01:45:12.440 Ulrike Schuerkens: oh, my. 381 01:45:13.510 --> 01:45:14.350 Ulrike Schuerkens: for it. 382 01:45:32.910 --> 01:45:36.040 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: They they one day they 383 01:45:42.790 --> 01:45:44.110 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: or or or 384 01:45:59.620 --> 01:46:03.610 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: Yeah. 385 01:46:06.220 --> 01:46:11.999 Paul Mamba DIÉDHIOU: Oh, yeah, in second, Democrat is actually on the 386 01:46:12.260 --> 01:46:29.439 I will translate. Thank you. So the question was, is there any difference between women who are buying things at ocean 387 01:46:29.590 --> 01:46:45.550 and those who are not? And the answer is that the person. Do not know. 388 01:46:47.790 --> 01:47:12.790 Ulrike Schuerkens: I'll show. I'll show the social context of I shown. These are Midi classes that go to our show, and the rooms female shop that pull has studied these the poorer groups in the country that go to 389 01:47:12.790 --> 01:47:25.030 Ulrike Schuerkens: these shops. So there is a social, different session, and afterwards there are even Casino 390 01:47:25.040 --> 01:47:40.820 Thanks. Well, many thanks to all the participants, and for the patience in this very challenging situation, remote and different languages. And I wish you a good day, and we just leave here the room for the next group. 391 01:47:41.350 --> 01:47:43.000 Okay, thank you so much.